{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T22:28:47Z","timestamp":1785364127327,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T17:19:07Z","timestamp":1554743947000},"page":"355-359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Diabetic Foot Syndrome in the Twenty-First Century"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Lawrence A.","family":"Lavery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orhan K.","family":"Oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavitha","family":"Bhavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dane K.","family":"Wukich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib1","article-title":"Burden of diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia","volume":"9","author":"Naeem","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci (Qassim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.024","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040","volume":"128","author":"Ogurtsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib3","series-title":"Long-term Trends in Diabetes","author":"CDC\u2019s Division of Diabetes Translation","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2625","article-title":"Economic costs of diabetes in the U.S. in 2012","volume":"36","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.2337\/dci18-0007","article-title":"Economic costs of diabetes in the U.S. In 2017","volume":"41","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib6","series-title":"Estimates of diabetes and its burden in the United States. National diabetes statistics report, 2017","year":"2017"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1842-x","article-title":"Disparities in amputations in minorities","volume":"469","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.1.157","article-title":"Causal pathways for incident lower-extremity ulcers in patients with diabetes from two settings","volume":"22","author":"Reiber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12223","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of development of peripheral diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care setting","volume":"5","author":"Bansal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Investig"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e95403","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095403","article-title":"Diabetic peripheral neuropathy in ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes in a general hospital in a middle income country: a cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Lazo Mde","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.5.1435","article-title":"Diabetic foot syndrome: evaluating the prevalence and incidence of foot pathology in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites from a diabetes disease management cohort","volume":"26","author":"Lavery","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib12","first-page":"57","article-title":"A\u00a0study of prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a Teaching Hospital","volume":"66","author":"Shukla","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Assoc Physicians India"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.005","article-title":"Estimating the prevalence of limb loss in the United States: 2005 to 2050","volume":"89","author":"Ziegler-Graham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.05.001","article-title":"Preventing the first or recurrent ulcers","volume":"97","author":"Lavery","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1302","article-title":"Reevaluating the way we classify the diabetic foot: restructuring the diabetic foot risk classification system of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot","volume":"31","author":"Lavery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.8.1442","article-title":"Effectiveness of the diabetic foot risk classification system of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot","volume":"24","author":"Peters","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2007.00378.x","article-title":"What are the most effective interventions in preventing diabetic foot ulcers?","volume":"5","author":"Lavery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0445","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent diabetic foot ulcers: site matters","volume":"30","author":"Peters","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-92-9-479","article-title":"Ankle equinus deformity and its relationship to high plantar pressure in a large population with diabetes mellitus","volume":"92","author":"Lavery","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-2425","article-title":"Risk factors for foot infections in individuals with diabetes","volume":"29","author":"Lavery","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0846","article-title":"Surgical site infections after foot and ankle surgery: a comparison of patients with and without diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Wukich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00080","article-title":"Postoperative infection rates in foot and ankle surgery: a comparison of patients with and without diabetes mellitus","volume":"92","author":"Wukich","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199704000-00004","article-title":"Surgical morbidity and the risk of amputation due to infected puncture wounds in diabetic versus nondiabetic adults","volume":"90","author":"Armstrong","year":"1997","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.12.1588","article-title":"Infected puncture wounds in diabetic and nondiabetic adults","volume":"18","author":"Lavery","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2015.175","article-title":"Innate immunity in diabetes and diabetic nephropathy","volume":"12","author":"Wada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib26","first-page":"7457269","article-title":"Role of adaptive and innate immunity in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"2018","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib27","first-page":"S7","article-title":"The pathogenesis of diabetic foot infections--immunopathy, angiopathy, and neuropathy","volume":"26","author":"Joseph","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2017.26.6.324","article-title":"The impact of the multidisciplinary team in the management of individuals with diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Buggy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wound Care"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S089184221930014X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S089184221930014X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:57:24Z","timestamp":1760209044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S089184221930014X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S089184221930014X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-8422"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-8422","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diabetic Foot Syndrome in the Twenty-First Century","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}