{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T08:50:28Z","timestamp":1787647828471,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T08:05:43Z","timestamp":1580457943000},"page":"371-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Offloading for the Diabetic Foot"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Sai V.","family":"Yalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan T.","family":"Crews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niral A.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Existing predictive models of diabetes: A review","volume":"2","author":"Prem","year":"2018","journal-title":"SF J Diabetes Endocrin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7898.1","article-title":"Updates in diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"5","author":"Juster-Switlyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib3","series-title":"Prevention. National diabetes statistics report, 2017","author":"Control CfD","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib4","article-title":"Huge burden of foot ulcers doubles diabetes costs in US","volume":"13","author":"McCall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Medscape Medical News"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615439","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence","volume":"376","author":"Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib6","first-page":"3157123","article-title":"Shear stress-normal stress (pressure) ratio decides forming callus in patients with diabetic neuropathy","volume":"2016","author":"Amemiya","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-005-0049-5","article-title":"The pivotal role of offloading in the management of neuropathic foot ulceration","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2702","article-title":"Footwear and offloading interventions to prevent and heal foot ulcers and reduce plantar pressure in patients with diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Bus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib9","unstructured":"Bus SA, Armstrong DG, Gooday C, et\u00a0al. IWGDF guideline on offloading foot ulcers in persons with diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib10","series-title":"The Evidence Base for Diabetes Care","first-page":"403","article-title":"Epidemiology of foot ulcers and amputations in people with diabetes: evidence for prevention","author":"Reiber","year":"2010"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2373","article-title":"Role and determinants of adherence to off-loading in diabetic foot ulcer healing: a prospective investigation","volume":"39","author":"Crews","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.9.2595","article-title":"Activity patterns of patients with diabetic foot ulceration: patients with active ulceration may not adhere to a standard pressure off-loading regimen","volume":"26","author":"Armstrong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19960501-18","article-title":"Plantar forefoot ulceration with equinus deformity of the ankle in diabetic patients: the effect of tendo-Achilles lengthening and total contact casting","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.10.006","article-title":"Prevalence of ankle equinus and correlation with foot plantar pressures in people with diabetes","volume":"60","author":"Searle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-90-1-47","article-title":"Sagittal plane biomechanics. American Diabetes Association","volume":"90","author":"Dananberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib16","series-title":"Spine: State of the Art Reviews","first-page":"389","article-title":"Lower extremity mechanics and their effect of lumbosacral function","author":"Dananberg","year":"1995"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib17","first-page":"69","article-title":"Trunk muscle strength and low back pain","volume":"14","author":"Thorstensson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.7547\/0950130","article-title":"Future of gait analysis: a podiatric medical perspective","volume":"95","author":"Curran","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.10.1376","article-title":"Manufactured shoes in the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"18","author":"Uccioli","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0996","article-title":"Effect of custom-made footwear on foot ulcer recurrence in diabetes: a multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Bus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2956","article-title":"Prevention of recurrent foot ulcers with plantar pressure-based in-shoe orthoses: the CareFUL prevention multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"37","author":"Ulbrecht","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.7547\/0960009","article-title":"Casting methods and plantar pressure: effects of custom-made foot orthoses on dynamic plantar pressure distribution","volume":"96","author":"Guldemond","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2012.03700.x","article-title":"Pressure-reduction and preservation in custom-made footwear of patients with diabetes and a history of plantar ulceration","volume":"29","author":"Waaijman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-018-0304-z","article-title":"A\u00a0survey of foot orthoses prescription habits amongst podiatrists in the UK, Australia and New Zealand","volume":"11","author":"Chapman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296816651631","article-title":"Monitoring location-specific physical activity via integration of accelerometry and geotechnology within patients with or at risk of diabetic foot ulcers: a technological report","volume":"11","author":"Crews","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2014.07.003","article-title":"Physical activity at home, at leisure, during transportation and at work in French adults with type 2 diabetes: the ENTRED physical activity study","volume":"41","author":"Cloix","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1330","article-title":"Adherence to wearing prescription custom-made footwear in patients with diabetes at high risk for plantar foot ulceration","volume":"36","author":"Waaijman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.7547\/1030508","article-title":"Does footwear affect balance? The views and experiences of people with diabetes and neuropathy who have fallen","volume":"103","author":"Paton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1272","article-title":"Perceived usability and use of custom-made footwear in diabetic patients at high risk for foot ulceration","volume":"46","author":"Arts","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-019-00428-9","article-title":"Evaluation of the use of therapeutic footwear in people with diabetes mellitus\u2013a scoping review","volume":"18","author":"Jorgetto","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Metab Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fibreglass total contact casting, removable cast walkers, and irremovable cast walkers to treat diabetic neuropathic foot ulcers: a health technology assessment","volume":"17","author":"Ontario","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ont Health Technol Assess Ser"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2015.24.12.560","article-title":"Treatment of the diabetic foot by offloading: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.05.022","article-title":"Effect of different casting design characteristics on offloading the diabetic foot","volume":"64","author":"Westra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.7547\/1010127","article-title":"Contralateral peak plantar pressures with a postoperative boot: a preliminary study","volume":"101","author":"Mieras","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500107","article-title":"Stress fractures in athletes: a study of 320 cases","volume":"15","author":"Matheson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib36","first-page":"485","article-title":"Leg length asymmetry in stress fractures. A clinical and radiological study","volume":"22","author":"Friberg","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-66-1-38","article-title":"Structural leg shortage. A case report","volume":"66","author":"Langer","year":"1976","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198264010-00009","article-title":"Scoliosis associated with limb-length inequality","volume":"64","author":"Papaioannou","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198203000-00011","article-title":"Lumbar spine structural changes associated with leg length inequality","volume":"7","author":"Giles","year":"1982","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198309000-00010","article-title":"Clinical symptoms and biomechanics of lumbar spine and hip joint in leg length inequality","volume":"8","author":"Friberg","year":"1983","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200106000-00013","article-title":"Effects of limb-length discrepancy on gait economy and lower-extremity muscle activity in older adults","volume":"83-A","author":"Gurney","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib42","first-page":"791","article-title":"Studies in osteoarthritis of the hip: part II,* Osteoarthritis of the hip and leg-length disparity","volume":"104","author":"Gofton","year":"1971","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib43","series-title":"Biomechanics of the knee: with application to the pathogenesis and the surgical treatment of osteoarthritis","author":"Maquet","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7749","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90179-1","article-title":"Role of mechanical factors in pathogenesis of primary osteoarthritis","volume":"299","author":"Radin","year":"1972","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib45","first-page":"26","article-title":"Is postural instability exacerbated by off-loading devices in high risk diabetics with foot ulcers?","volume":"44","author":"Lavery","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ostomy Wound Manage"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2011.20.10.473","article-title":"Effect of simulated leg length discrepancy on plantar pressure distribution in diabetic patients with neuropathic foot ulceration","volume":"20","author":"Nahas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wound Care"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000090829.82231.4A","article-title":"The effect of leg length discrepancy on spinal motion during gait: three-dimensional analysis in healthy volunteers","volume":"28","author":"Kakushima","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib48","series-title":"Kinetics of gait: ground reaction forces, vectors, moments, power and pressure. Gait Analysis: normal and pathological function second","first-page":"457","author":"Perry","year":"2010"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22850","article-title":"Varus foot alignment and hip conditions in older adults","volume":"56","author":"Gross","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198109000-00014","article-title":"Low-back pain associated with leg length inequality","volume":"6","author":"Giles","year":"1981","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib51","unstructured":"Ryan Crews M, Girgis C, Domijancic R, et\u00a0al. Influence of Offloading Induced Limb Length Discrepancies upon Spinal Alignment. Paper presented at: American Diabetes Association 77th Scientific Sessions2017. San Diego, CA, June 9-13, 2017."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-75-4-200","article-title":"Limb length discrepancy. Identification, clinical significance, and management","volume":"75","author":"Blustein","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib53","first-page":"290","article-title":"Clinical assessment and treatment of leg length inequalities","volume":"11","author":"Danbert","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib54","first-page":"747","article-title":"Persistent low back pain and leg length disparity","volume":"12","author":"Gofton","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00934262","article-title":"Leg-length inequality has poor correlation with lumbar scoliosis","volume":"108","author":"Hoikka","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"540","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib56","first-page":"477","article-title":"Clinical and radiological assessment of leg length","volume":"81","author":"Fisk","year":"1975","journal-title":"N\u00a0Z Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rothenberg RJ. Rheumatic disease aspects of leg length inequality. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1988;17(3):196-205.","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(88)90020-0"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100316","article-title":"Iliotibial band syndrome in cyclists","volume":"21","author":"Holmes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1981.3.1.11","article-title":"Limb length discrepancies of the lower extremity (the short leg syndrome)","volume":"3","author":"Subotnick","year":"1981","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-82-1-33","article-title":"Limb length discrepancies","volume":"82","author":"Blake","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199214060-00008","article-title":"Leg length inequality","volume":"14","author":"McCaw","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1025658","article-title":"Lower limb asymmetry and patellofemoral joint incongruence in the etiology of knee exertion injuries in athletes","volume":"8","author":"Kujala","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-75-12-639","article-title":"Limb length discrepancy. An electrodynographic analysis","volume":"75","author":"D'Amico","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-88-4-176","article-title":"Progressive subtalar joint dislocation and limb-length inequality. An unusual case","volume":"88","author":"Resseque","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1987.9.1.11","article-title":"Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle","volume":"9","author":"Donatelli","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079801901006","article-title":"Ruptures of the Achilles tendon: relationship to inequality in length of legs and to patterns in the foot and ankle","volume":"19","author":"Leppilahti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-91-9-451","article-title":"Continuous activity monitoring in persons at high risk for diabetes-related lower-extremity amputation","volume":"91","author":"Armstrong","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib68","unstructured":"Najafi B, Wrobel J, Armstrong D. A Novel Ambulatory device for continuous 24-H monitoring of physical activity in daily life (Abstract#586). North American Congress on Biomechanics (NACOB); August, 2008, 2008, Ann Arbor, MI, August 5-9, 2008."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1224","article-title":"Importance of time spent standing for those at risk of diabetic foot ulceration","volume":"33","author":"Najafi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.7547\/0980100","article-title":"A\u00a0method for assessing off-loading compliance","volume":"99","author":"Crews","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0771","article-title":"Use of pressure offloading devices in diabetic foot ulcers: do we practice what we preach?","volume":"31","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib72","first-page":"35","article-title":"A\u00a0survey of offloading practices for diabetes-related plantar neuropathic foot ulcers","volume":"7","author":"Raspovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-015-0072-y","article-title":"How do Australian podiatrists manage patients with diabetes? The Australian diabetic foot management survey","volume":"8","author":"Quinton","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0309-1","article-title":"Walking performance in people with diabetic neuropathy: benefits and threats","volume":"49","author":"Kanade","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2012.03.001","article-title":"Impact of strut height on offloading capacity of removable cast walkers","volume":"27","author":"Crews","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-2584","article-title":"Decreasing an offloading device's size and offsetting its imposed limb-length discrepancy lead to improved comfort and gait","volume":"41","author":"Crews","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3109\/03093648409146072","article-title":"Biomechanical significance of the correct length of lower limb prostheses: a clinical and radiological study","volume":"8","author":"Friberg","year":"1984","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000074459.41029.75","article-title":"Daily weight-bearing activity does not increase the risk of diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"35","author":"Lemaster","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.8.1980","article-title":"Variability in activity may precede diabetic foot ulceration","volume":"27","author":"Armstrong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2817","article-title":"Physiological and psychological challenges of increasing physical activity and exercise in patients at risk of diabetic foot ulcers: a critical review","volume":"32","author":"Crews","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296818822538","article-title":"Feasibility of a low-intensity, technology-based intervention for increasing physical activity in adults at risk for a diabetic foot ulcer: a mixed-methods study","volume":"13","author":"Schneider","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib83","author":"Nikita Grama"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2011.085506","article-title":"Is activation of transversus abdominis and obliquus internus abdominis associated with long-term changes in chronic low back pain? A prospective study with 1-year follow-up","volume":"46","author":"Unsgaard-T\u00f8ndel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20171048","article-title":"Transversus abdominis activation and timing improves following core stability training: a randomized trial","volume":"12","author":"Selkow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.03.040","article-title":"Gait retraining to reduce the knee adduction moment through real-time visual feedback of dynamic knee alignment","volume":"43","author":"Barrios","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomech"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.7547\/0980261","article-title":"CLEAR Cleat: a proof-of-concept trial of an aerobic activity facilitator to reduce plantar forefoot pressures and their potential in those with foot ulcers","volume":"98","author":"Klein","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.7547\/15-198","article-title":"Preliminary evaluation of a cycling cleat designed for diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"107","author":"Crews","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.2337\/dci18-0007","article-title":"Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2017","volume":"41","author":"Association","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib90","series-title":"The Diabetic Foot Syndrome. Front Diabetes","first-page":"97","article-title":"Offloading the diabetic foot: the evolution of an integrated strategy","author":"Bus","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248S","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182024864","article-title":"Off-loading the diabetic foot for ulcer prevention and healing","volume":"127","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842219301016?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842219301016?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:58:09Z","timestamp":1760209089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891842219301016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0891842219301016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-8422"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-8422","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Offloading for the Diabetic Foot","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2019.12.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}