{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T23:40:16Z","timestamp":1776901216897,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T22:51:29Z","timestamp":1631832689000},"page":"529-533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biofilms and the Nail Unit"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Corinna","family":"Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael F.","family":"Masi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Mishko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Sheltzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Speer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracey C.","family":"Vlahovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0809.020063","article-title":"Biofilms: microbial life on surfaces","volume":"8","author":"Donlan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5505","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5505.878","article-title":"Bakers' yeast, a model for fungal biofilm formation","volume":"291","author":"Reynolds","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.01.008","article-title":"The role of biofilms in onychomycosis","volume":"74","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002585","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002585","article-title":"Fungal biofilms","volume":"8","author":"Fanning","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1001.030119","article-title":"Fungal biofilms and drug resistance","volume":"10","author":"Jabra-Rizk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.3109\/10408410903241436","article-title":"Our current understanding of fungal biofilms","volume":"35","author":"Ramage","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000175","article-title":"Miltefosine is effective against Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum nail biofilms in\u00a0vitro","volume":"64","author":"Vila","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-014-1689-y","article-title":"A\u00a0new model of in\u00a0vitro fungal biofilms formed on human nail fragments allows reliable testing of laser and light therapies against onychomycosis","volume":"30","author":"Vila","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.107754","article-title":"A\u00a0large-scale North American study of fungal isolates from nails: the frequency of onychomycosis, fungal distribution, and antifungal susceptibility patterns","volume":"43","author":"Ghannoum","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiology and virulence determinants including biofilm profile of Candida infections in an ICU in a tertiary hospital in India","volume":"2014","author":"Kaur","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Mycol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.124699","article-title":"Dermatophytoma: recalcitrance to treatment because of existence of fungal biofilm","volume":"47","author":"Burkhart","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2016.02.001","article-title":"Onychomycosis: evaluation, treatment options, managing recurrence, and patient outcomes","volume":"33","author":"Vlahovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Podiatric Med Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib13","first-page":"762","article-title":"Onychomycosis: current trends in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"88","author":"Westerberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4057","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.07499-11","article-title":"Selected antimicrobial essential oils eradicate Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"78","author":"Kavanaugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005_bib15","series-title":"Bifunctionality of a biofilm matrix protein controlled by redox state","author":"Arnaouteli","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842221000458?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842221000458?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:59:26Z","timestamp":1760209166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891842221000458"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0891842221000458"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-8422"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-8422","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Biofilms and the Nail Unit","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2021.06.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}