{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:39:22Z","timestamp":1790109562602,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T12:06:52Z","timestamp":1665662812000},"page":"181-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Stress Injuries in the Athlete"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence M.","family":"Oloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas W.","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.06.015","article-title":"Stress fractures of the foot and ankle","volume":"48","author":"Welck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241Y9","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505278305","article-title":"A\u00a0practical approach for the differential diagnosis of chronic leg pain in the athlete","volume":"33","author":"Edwards","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1025659","article-title":"Stress fractures in athletes","volume":"8","author":"Hulkko","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514562739","article-title":"Epidemiology of stress fracture injuries among US high school athletes, 2005\u20132006 through 2012\u20132013","volume":"43","author":"Changstrom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503261708","article-title":"Fractures in the collegiate athlete","volume":"32","author":"Hame","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738117738988","article-title":"Epidemiology and impact on performance of lower extremity stress injuries in professional basketball players","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513520295","article-title":"Higher incidence of bone stress injuries with increasing female athlete triad-related risk factors: a prospective multisite study of exercising girls and women","volume":"42","author":"Barrack","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(02)00010-6","article-title":"Imaging of stress fractures in the athlete","volume":"40","author":"Spitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2016.05.016","article-title":"Foot and ankle stress fractures in athletes","volume":"47","author":"Greaser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070602700919","article-title":"Current concepts review: stress fractures of the foot","volume":"27","author":"Gehrmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01091-4","article-title":"Vitamin D insufficiency among free-living healthy young adults","volume":"112","author":"Tangpricha","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500107","article-title":"Stress fractures in athletes. A study of 320 cases","volume":"15","author":"Matheson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195941070-00010","article-title":"Stress fractures of the calcaneus","volume":"41-A","author":"Leabhart","year":"1959","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2009.01.003","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of navicular stress fractures, including nonunions, revision surgery, and persistent pain after treatment","volume":"14","author":"Mann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.71B1.2644288","article-title":"Operation for non-union of stress fracture of the tarsal navicular","volume":"71","author":"Fitch","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(00)80033-2","article-title":"Results of treatment of 22 navicular stress fractures and a new proposed radiographic classification system","volume":"39","author":"Saxena","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509355408","article-title":"Management of tarsal navicular stress fractures: conservative versus surgical treatment: a meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Torg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093246","article-title":"Surgical versus conservative treatment for high-risk stress fractures of the lower leg (anterior tibial cortex, navicular and fifth metatarsal base): a systematic review","volume":"49","author":"Mallee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200011000-00002","article-title":"High-risk stress fractures: evaluation and treatment","volume":"8","author":"Boden","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2014.11.017","article-title":"Medial malleolar stress fracture in an adolescent athlete","volume":"54","author":"Menge","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658801600111","article-title":"Stress fractures of the medial malleolus","volume":"16","author":"Shelbourne","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1950.01250010980011","article-title":"Fractures of the ankle. II. Combined experimental-surgical and experimental roentgenologic investigations","volume":"60","author":"Lauge-Hansen","year":"1950","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199503000-00005","article-title":"Stress fracture of the medial malleolus","volume":"77","author":"Orava","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738114546089","article-title":"The treatment and outcomes of medial malleolar stress fractures: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Irion","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.07.723","article-title":"Current concepts of shockwave therapy in stress fractures","volume":"24","author":"Leal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2010.07.002","article-title":"Shock wave therapy as a treatment of non- unions, avascular necrosis, and delayed healing of stress fractures","volume":"15","author":"Furia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-20041101-18","article-title":"The effect of pulsed ultrasound in the treatment of tibial stress fractures","volume":"27","author":"Rue","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507310076","article-title":"Do capacitively coupled electric fields accelerate tibial stress fracture healing? A randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Beck","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090731","article-title":"Teriparatide for acceleration of fracture repair in humans: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study of 102 postmenopausal women with distal radial fractures","volume":"25","author":"Aspenberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e163","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000739","article-title":"Delayed-union of acetabular stress fracture in female gymnast: use of teriparatide to augment healing","volume":"30","author":"Gende","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.CC.19.00221","article-title":"Treatment of an acromial stress fracture after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with teriparatide: a case report","volume":"10","author":"Lipof","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBJS Case Connect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.05.015","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone and bisphosphonate have opposite effects on stress fracture repair","volume":"47","author":"Sloan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib33","first-page":"39","article-title":"Role of teriparatide in accelerating metatarsal stress fracture healing: a case series and review of literature","volume":"5","author":"Raghavan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05556-3","article-title":"Teriparatide and stress fracture healing in young adults (RETURN - research on Efficacy of Teriparatide Use in the Return of recruits to Normal duty): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Carswell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.5334","article-title":"Management and prevention of bone stress injuries in long-distance runners","volume":"44","author":"Warden","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558Y61","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2011.04.045","article-title":"Use of an anti-gravity treadmill in the rehabilitation of the operated achilles tendon: a pilot study","volume":"50","author":"Saxena","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.3810\/psm.2012.02.1958","article-title":"Deep-water running: a practical review of the literature with an emphasis on biomechanics","volume":"40","author":"Killgore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410310001641368","article-title":"The physiology of deep-water running","volume":"21","author":"Reilly","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sports Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161Y4","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.13.4.161","article-title":"Effect of water-training in the maintenance of cardiorespiratory endurance of athletes","volume":"13","author":"Gatti","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199205001-00137","article-title":"Water running and the maintenance of maximum oxygen consumption and leg strength in runners","volume":"24","author":"Hertler","year":"1992","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib41","first-page":"1056Y62","article-title":"Influence of water run training on the maintenance of aerobic performance","volume":"28","author":"Wilbur","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060607","article-title":"Association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and bone stress fractures in Finnish young men","volume":"21","author":"Ruohola","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080102","article-title":"Calcium and vitamin D supplementation decreases incidence of stress fractures in female Navy recruits","volume":"23","author":"Lappe","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2012.0526","article-title":"Current concept review: vitamin D and stress fractures","volume":"33","author":"McCabe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib45","series-title":"Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D","author":"of Medicine","year":"2010"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2010.05.006","article-title":"Evaluating the relationship of calcium and vitamin D in the prevention of stress fracture injuries in the young athlete: a review of the literature","volume":"2","author":"Tenforde","year":"2010","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib47","first-page":"CD000450","article-title":"Interventions for preventing and treating stress fractures and stress reactions of bone of the lower limbs in young adults","volume":"Issue 2","author":"Rome","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2004.04.016","article-title":"The effect of prophylactic treatmentwith risedronate on stress fracture incidence among infantry recruits","volume":"35","author":"Milgrom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842222000684?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842222000684?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:59:49Z","timestamp":1760209189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891842222000684"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0891842222000684"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-8422"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-8422","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Stress Injuries in the Athlete","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2022.07.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}