{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T23:09:05Z","timestamp":1778627345030,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T07:54:43Z","timestamp":1688025283000},"page":"681-701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Ankle Joint"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jason George","family":"DeVries","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon M.","family":"Scharer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib1","first-page":"676","article-title":"Arthrodesis of the ankle","volume":"45","author":"Straub","year":"1927","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib2","first-page":"615","article-title":"Arthrodesis of the ankle in the presence of a large deformity in the coronal plane","volume":"89-B","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"JBJS Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502600402","article-title":"Long-term results of arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis","volume":"26","author":"Ferkel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib4","first-page":"21","article-title":"Ankle arthrodesis using internal screw fixation","volume":"268","author":"Holt","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib5","series-title":"Essential foot and ankle surgical techniques: a multidisciplanry approach","first-page":"275","article-title":"Ankle arthrodesis: open anterior and arthroscopic approaches","author":"Dujela","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.72B1.2298774","article-title":"The results of ankle arthrodesis","volume":"72","author":"Helm","year":"1990","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Perceived risk factors for nonunion following foot and ankle arthrodesis","volume":"25","author":"Thevendran","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715587045","article-title":"Factors affecting the outcomes of uncomplicated primary open ankle arthrodesis","volume":"36","author":"Chalayon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401501102","article-title":"A\u00a0review of ankle arthrodesis: predisposing factors to nonunion","volume":"15","author":"Frey","year":"1994","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v7.i11.700","article-title":"Ankle arthrodesis: a systematic approach and review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Yasui","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2013.04.006","article-title":"Primary stability and stiffness in ankle arthrodes: crossed screws versus anterior plating","volume":"19","author":"Betz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640017700974","article-title":"Anatomically contoured anterior plating for isolated tibiotalar arthrodesis: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Kusnezov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Spec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716681529","article-title":"Comparison of ankle fusion rates with and without anterior plate augmentation","volume":"38","author":"Mitchell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2017.01.007","article-title":"Ankle arthrodesis: a retrospective analysis comparing single column, locked anterior plating to crossed lag screw technique","volume":"56","author":"Prissel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib15","article-title":"Arthroscopic ankle fusion","volume":"3","author":"Schneider","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arthroscopic Video J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0695","article-title":"Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis","volume":"28","author":"Gougoulias","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070602701214","article-title":"Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: factors influencing union in 39 consecutive patients","volume":"27","author":"Collman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000024998","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of arthroscopic vs open ankle arthrodesis for advanced ankle arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Bai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01708-4","article-title":"Open versus arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Mok","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2021.10.022","article-title":"Functional outcomes and quality of life in patients with post-traumatic arthrosis undergoing open or arthroscopic talocrural arthrodesis: a retrospective cohort with prospective follow-up","volume":"61","author":"Berk","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2010.02.019","article-title":"Arthroscopic versus open ankle arthrodesis: a retrospective cost analysis","volume":"49","author":"Peterson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2016.03.007","article-title":"Open versus arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: a comparison of subsequent procedures in a large database","volume":"55","author":"Yasui","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100713494380","article-title":"Comparison of practice patterns in total ankle replacement and ankle fusion in the United States","volume":"34","author":"Terrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-17-00526","article-title":"Patient and practice trends in total ankle replacement and tibiotalar arthrodesis in the United States from 2007 to 2013","volume":"27","author":"Vakshori","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib25","article-title":"Two-year revision rates in total ankle replacement versus ankle arthrodesis","author":"Randsborg","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Open Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2019.10.008","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of total ankle arthroplasty versus ankle arthrodesis for the treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis in the last decade: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Shih","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2010.12.004","article-title":"Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: are results reproducible irrespective of pre-operative deformity?","volume":"17","author":"Dannawi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2014.02.004","article-title":"Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis with intra-articular distraction","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"Supple","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2018.12.001","article-title":"Arthroscopic ankle fusion to manage sequel of loss of lateral malleoli in compound crushed ankle injury","volume":"10","author":"Behera","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib30","series-title":"Primary and revision total ankle replacement: evidence-based surgical management","first-page":"281","article-title":"Ankle arthrodesis and malunion takedown to total ankle replacement","author":"DeVries","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199404000-00003","article-title":"Complications of limb lengthening. A learning curve","volume":"301","author":"Dahl","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010_bib32","article-title":"Safety of tibial half pins with circular external fixation for foot and ankle reconstruction in patients with peripheral neuropathy","author":"Cates","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S089184222300054X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S089184222300054X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:01:06Z","timestamp":1760209266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S089184222300054X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S089184222300054X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-8422"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-8422","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Ankle Joint","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2023.05.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}