{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:15:12Z","timestamp":1788822912046,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T01:20:58Z","timestamp":1604971258000},"page":"100894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Seizure mimics in children: An age-based approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Rebecca S.","family":"Stainman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric H.","family":"Kossoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2262-4","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental effects of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"42","author":"Kellogg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2019.1098","article-title":"Paroxysmal non-epileptic events in infancy: five cases with typical features","volume":"21","author":"Nagy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2018.01.003","article-title":"Transient benign paroxysmal movement disorders in infancy","volume":"22","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Alvarez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.43.s.3.13.x","article-title":"The spectrum of nonepileptic events in children","volume":"43","author":"Paolicchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0005","article-title":"Nocturnal events in children: when and how to evaluate","author":"Eichelberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.09.022","article-title":"Exaggerated startle reactions","volume":"123","author":"Dreissen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0007","series-title":"GeneReviews\u00ae [Internet]","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hereditary hyperekplexia overview 1. Hereditary hyperekplexia\u00a0: clinical characteristics differential diagnosis","author":"Balint","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2017.12.012","article-title":"Startles, stiffness, and SLC6A5: do you know the condition?","volume":"81","author":"Saini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2017.04.003","article-title":"Apnea in the term infant","volume":"22","author":"Patrinos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073808322338","article-title":"The neurology of benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy: report of 10 new cases and review of the literature","volume":"24","author":"Rosman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000558","article-title":"Episodic syndromes of childhood associated with migraine","volume":"31","author":"Gelfand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13939","article-title":"Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy does not lead to neurological sequelae","volume":"60","author":"Danielsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.032102","article-title":"Gratification disorder (\u201cinfantile masturbation\u201d): a review","volume":"89","author":"Nechay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0532","article-title":"Masturbation in infancy and early childhood presenting as a movement disorder: 12 cases and a review of the literature","volume":"116","author":"Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-015-0551-3","article-title":"Pediatric migraine variants: a review of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome","volume":"15","author":"Lagman-Bartolome","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2016.01.007","article-title":"Complicated migraines","volume":"23","author":"Blumenfeld","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2174\/1573396314666181113094047","article-title":"Breath-holding spells in pediatrics: a narrative review of the current evidence","volume":"15","author":"Leung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Pediatr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008132","article-title":"Iron supplementation for breath-holding attacks in children","author":"Zehetner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.01.002","article-title":"Utility of long-term video-EEG monitoring for children with staring","volume":"68","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318173ed39","article-title":"North American society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of cyclic vomiting syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8020029","article-title":"Acute confusional migraine: distinct clinical entity or spectrum of migraine biology?","volume":"8","author":"Farooqi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.4103\/1817-1745.147612","article-title":"Alice in Wonderland syndrome: a rare neurological manifestation with microscopy in a 6-year-old child","volume":"9","author":"Weissenstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version)","volume":"33","author":"Olesen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70048-5","article-title":"Sporadic and familial hemiplegic migraine:pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management","volume":"10","author":"Russell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000752","article-title":"Tics and Tourette syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Singer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contin Lifelong Learn Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2017.12.004","article-title":"Stereotypic movement disorders","volume":"25","author":"Mackenzie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2007.12.008","article-title":"Nonautistic motor stereotypies: clinical features and longitudinal follow-up","volume":"38","author":"Harris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2009.03.008","article-title":"Motor Stereotypies","volume":"16","author":"Singer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2014.11.002","article-title":"Primary complex motor stereotypies in older children and adolescents: clinical features and longitudinal follow-up","volume":"52","author":"Oakley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2018.02.001","article-title":"The twists of pediatric dystonia: phenomenology, classification, and genetics","volume":"25","author":"Meijer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-009-0125-1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis: diagnosis, treatment and prognosis","volume":"29","author":"Kang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Huazhong Univ Sci Technol - Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1406","article-title":"Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in pediatric population: a review","volume":"9","author":"Operto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2007.11.006","article-title":"Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: answers and questions","volume":"12","author":"Reuber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0034","series-title":"Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures [online]","author":"Lortie","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0035","unstructured":"Doss J.L. Pediatric Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures A Concise Review. Epub 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2015.10.018","article-title":"The evaluation and management of pediatric syncope","volume":"55","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2010.03.009","article-title":"Pediatric syncope: cases from the emergency department","volume":"28","author":"Fischer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin N Am"}],"container-title":["Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1538544220301607?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1538544220301607?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T02:20:51Z","timestamp":1761531651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1538544220301607"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1538544220301607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894","relation":{},"ISSN":["1538-5442"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1538-5442","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Seizure mimics in children: An age-based approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cppeds.2020.100894","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100894"}}