{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:58:34Z","timestamp":1789167514029,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":163,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031336","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Psychology Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T22:55:30Z","timestamp":1779058530000},"page":"102749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prevalence of eating disorders, eating disorder risk, and body image dissatisfaction across Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis."],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Musa","family":"Jemal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shemsu","family":"Kedir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Krug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-025-01234-w","article-title":"Eating disorders among medical students at a private university in Uganda: A cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Abaatyo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci13060305","article-title":"Cultural differences in body image: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Abdoli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Social Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.21608\/ejcm.2020.119410","article-title":"Eating disorder risk among medical students at Tanta University, Egypt","volume":"38","author":"Abo Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0020","first-page":"108","article-title":"The role of social media in promoting eating disorders in East Africa","volume":"3","author":"Agbo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Research Invention Journal of Current Issues in Arts and Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmhg.2016.07.002","article-title":"Can food addiction replace binge eating assessment in obesity clinics?","volume":"18","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983-024-00856-2","article-title":"Egyptian youth and eating disorders: A cross-sectional study on prevalence and contributing factors","volume":"60","author":"Ahmed","year":"2024","journal-title":"The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-013-0755-2","article-title":"Prevalence, types and comorbidity of mental disorders in a Kenyan primary health Centre","volume":"49","author":"Aillon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2021.1969495","article-title":"Prevalence of eating disorders and disordered eating in Western Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Alfalahi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3215","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-022-01452-0","article-title":"The prevalence and risk factors of screen-based disordered eating among university students: A global systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression","volume":"27","author":"Alhaj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2017.07.008","article-title":"The functionality appreciation scale (FAS): Development and psychometric evaluation in U.S. community women and men","volume":"23","author":"Alleva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2022.2073375","article-title":"Eating disorder and anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic: The Maghrebian experience","volume":"28","author":"Alouani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychology, Health & Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.600","article-title":"Sample size determination: A practical guide for health researchers","volume":"24","author":"Althubaiti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of General and Family Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0065","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0070","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0075","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-023-00942-5","article-title":"Validation of a Latin-American Spanish version of the body esteem scale for adolescents and adults (BESAA-LA) in Colombian and Nicaraguan adults","volume":"11","author":"Andres","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.46542\/pe.2025.251.105114","article-title":"Perceived stress and body image perception as correlates of eating disorders among pharmacy students in a Nigerian university: A cross-sectional survey","volume":"25","author":"Anosike","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacy Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0090","article-title":"Factors associated with the risk of developing eating disorders among medical students in Casablanca, Morocco","volume":"39","author":"Attouche","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Pan African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2005.06.002","article-title":"The body appreciation scale: Development and psychometric evaluation","volume":"2","author":"Avalos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0100","first-page":"16","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of eating disorders among university students in Southern Tunisia","volume":"9","author":"Baklouti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bulgarian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0105","first-page":"992","article-title":"Anorexia nervosa - A prevalence study","volume":"59","author":"Ballot","year":"1981","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2010.11.012","article-title":"Cultural constructions of \u201cobesity\u201d: Understanding body size, social class and gender in Morocco","volume":"17","author":"Batnitzky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health & Place"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2018-0279","article-title":"What are the correlates of body image distortion and dissatisfaction among school-adolescents?","volume":"33","author":"Ben Ayed","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0120","first-page":"66","article-title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity and perception of healthy and desirable body size in urban, Ghanaian women","volume":"46","author":"Benkeser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ghana Medical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.4.312","article-title":"Anorexia nervosa among female secondary school students in Ghana","volume":"185","author":"Bennett","year":"2004","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2024.101841","article-title":"The association between social comparison in social media, body image concerns and eating disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Bonfanti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.12","article-title":"A basic introduction to fixed-effect and random-effects models for meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Borenstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Research Synthesis Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respe.2019.04.057","article-title":"Anthropometric status and body image perception among Moroccan university students","volume":"67","author":"Boutahar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Revue d\u2019\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3233\/MNM-211519","article-title":"Nutritional status and body image perception in a group of Moroccan adolescents","volume":"15","author":"Boutahar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1987.tb36195.x","article-title":"An anthropological perspective on obesity","volume":"499","author":"Brown","year":"1987","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191109357028","article-title":"What have the difference scores not been telling us? A critique of the use of self-ideal discrepancy in the assessment of body image and evaluation of an alternative data-analytic framework","volume":"17","author":"Cafri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-277X.2001.00280.x","article-title":"An ethnic comparison of eating attitudes and associated body image concerns in adolescent South African schoolgirls","volume":"14","author":"Caradas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13192458","article-title":"Using the Chinese version of the screen for disordered eating to assess disordered eating: Reliability, validity and correlates","volume":"13","author":"Cheung","year":"2025","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022196271007","article-title":"A comparison study of United States and African students on perceptions of obesity and thinness","volume":"27","author":"Cogan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1097\/FCH.0000000000000220","article-title":"Relationship between body mass index and body image disturbances among South African mothers and their daughters living in Soweto, Johannesburg","volume":"42","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Family & Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(198701)6:1<1::AID-EAT2260060102>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"The eating disorder examination: A semi-structured interview for the assessment of the specific psychopathology of eating disorders","volume":"6","author":"Cooper","year":"1987","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22957-0","article-title":"Assessment of disordered eating attitudes and associated factors among female undergraduates at Arba Minch University, southern Ethiopia","volume":"25","author":"Damtie Aserese","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S265","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.712","article-title":"Binge eating disorders in the age of coronavirus outbreak","volume":"64","author":"Dhemaid","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S290","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.777","article-title":"Binge eating disorder and coronavirus outbreak among health care workers in Tunisia","volume":"64","author":"Dhemaid","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0200","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with eating disorders among undergraduate students in a public university in Ghana","volume":"2","author":"Doku","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mental Health Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/s1980-220x2019042903665","article-title":"Distorted self-perception and dissatisfaction with body image among nursing students","volume":"55","author":"Duarte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000243922.49394.7d","article-title":"Eating pathology in East African women: The role of media exposure and globalization","volume":"195","author":"Eddy","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2015.07.003","article-title":"Body shape dissatisfaction is a \u2018normative discontent\u2019 in a young-adult Nigerian population: A study of prevalence and effects on health-related quality of life","volume":"5","author":"Ejike","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-024-00423-8","article-title":"Relation between body appreciation, eating disorder risk, emotional distress, and BMI among a group of Egyptian subjects","volume":"31","author":"El Basiouny","year":"2024","journal-title":"Middle East Curr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.21608\/EPX.2018.6650","article-title":"Eating attitudes and barriers to healthy eating and physical activity among a sample of university students in Egypt","volume":"92","author":"El-Bagoury","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1425986","article-title":"Disordered eating attitude and associated factors among late adolescent girls in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Engdyhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000449","article-title":"Epidemiology of binge eating disorder","volume":"31","author":"Erskine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nupar.2022.08.002","article-title":"Eating disorders: Prevalence and risk factors among Tunisian medical students","volume":"36","author":"Eya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrition Clinique et M\u00e9tabolisme"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v17i2.27","article-title":"Disordered eating attitudes: Demographic and clinico-anthropometric correlates among a sample of Nigerian students","volume":"17","author":"Fadipe","year":"2017","journal-title":"African Health Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(199412)16:4<363::AID-EAT2260160405>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Assessment of eating disorders: Interview or self-report questionnaire?","volume":"16","author":"Fairburn","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0255","series-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders, clinician version (SCID-CV)","author":"First","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0260","series-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-5 disorders (SCID-5), clinician version","author":"First","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0265","first-page":"203","article-title":"Female body dissatisfaction and perceptions of the attractive female body in Ghana, the Ukraine, and the United States","volume":"17","author":"Frederick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychological Topics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy342","article-title":"Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000\u20132018 period: A systematic literature review","volume":"109","author":"Galmiche","year":"2019","journal-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700030762","article-title":"The eating attitudes test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa","volume":"9","author":"Garner","year":"1979","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700049163","article-title":"The eating attitudes test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates","volume":"12","author":"Garner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-025-01289-9","article-title":"Global, regional and national level burden of bulimia nervosa from 1990 to 2021 and their projections to 2030: Analysis of the global burden of disease study","volume":"13","author":"Ge","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0290","first-page":"338","article-title":"Pr\u00e9valence de la boulimie dans une population de lyc\u00e9ens \u00e0 Casablanca [Prevalence of bulimia among secondary school students in Casablanca]","volume":"27","author":"Ghazal","year":"2001","journal-title":"L'Encephale"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-024-00982-5","article-title":"A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of the prevalence of self-reported disordered eating and associated factors among athletes worldwide","volume":"12","author":"Ghazzawi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192012988","article-title":"Eating disorders in hospitalized school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study of discharge records in developmental ages in Italy","volume":"19","author":"Giacomini","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109709","article-title":"Changes in eating attitudes, body esteem and weight control behaviours during adolescence in a South African cohort","volume":"9","author":"Gitau","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0310","first-page":"468","article-title":"Ethnic differences in eating attitudes, body image and self-esteem among adolescent females living in urban South Africa","volume":"17","author":"Gitau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0315","series-title":"Eating disorders: Anatomy of a social epidemic","author":"Gordon","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(82)90024-7","article-title":"The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons","volume":"7","author":"Gormally","year":"1982","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132914","article-title":"The role of lifestyle and psycho-social factors in predicting changes in body composition in Black South African women","volume":"10","author":"Gradidge","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S561","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2024.1167","article-title":"Bulimic behaviors in the Tunisian general population: Prevalence and associated factors","volume":"67","author":"Hadj Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168354","article-title":"Do student samples provide an accurate estimate of the general public?","volume":"11","author":"Hanel","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.17159\/2078-516X\/2011\/v23i3a328","article-title":"Disordered eating and menstrual patterns in female university netball players","volume":"23","author":"Havemann","year":"2011","journal-title":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.1.18","article-title":"A self-rating scale for bulimia. The \u201cBITE\u201d","volume":"150","author":"Henderson","year":"1987","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0355","series-title":"Eating disorders: An international comprehensive view","first-page":"153","article-title":"Eating disorders in Africa","author":"van den Heuvel","year":"2024"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000274","article-title":"Epidemiology of eating disorders in Africa","volume":"29","author":"van Hoeken","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000641","article-title":"Review of the burden of eating disorders: Mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden","volume":"33","author":"van Hoeken","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0375","article-title":"Eating disorder and cyclothymic temperament: Cross-sectional study about 107 Tunisian students","volume":"18","author":"Jaweher","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Pan African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0380","first-page":"54","article-title":"Comparison of the perception of ideal body images of Ghanaian men and women","volume":"14","author":"Jumah","year":"2007","journal-title":"African Journal of Health Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_489_17","article-title":"Determinants of problematic internet use and its association with disordered eating attitudes among Minia university students","volume":"9","author":"Kamal","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.2014.11734498","article-title":"Eating behaviour, eating attitude and body mass index of dietetic students versus non-dietetic majors: A South African perspective","volume":"27","author":"Kassier","year":"2014","journal-title":"South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-698X-13-19","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of depression in childhood and adolescence as seen in 4 districts of North-Eastern Uganda","volume":"13","author":"Kinyanda","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC International Health and Human Rights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0400","series-title":"Standard quality assessment criteria for evaluating primary research papers from a variety of fields","author":"Kmet","year":"2004"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000279","article-title":"Epidemiology of eating disorders in Latin America: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Kolar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/0169796X15590322","article-title":"East Africa in the Malthusian trap? A statistical analysis of financial, economic, and demographic indicators","volume":"31","author":"Korotayev","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Developing Societies"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2024.01.006","article-title":"There is nothing as inconsistent as the OSFED diagnostic criteria","volume":"30","author":"Krug","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends in Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2025.102547","article-title":"A meta-analysis of mortality rates in eating disorders: An update of the literature from 2010 to 2024","volume":"116","author":"Krug","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11013-004-1064-8","article-title":"The meaning of \u201cself-starvation\u201d in impoverished black adolescents in South Africa","volume":"28","author":"Le Grange","year":"2004","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461506066984","article-title":"Eating attitudes and behaviours in South African adolescents and young adults","volume":"43","author":"Le Grange","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transcultural Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.2.250","article-title":"Eating attitudes and behaviors in 1,435 south African Caucasian and non-Caucasian college students","volume":"155","author":"Le Grange","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1080\/10640269508249169","article-title":"Eating attitudes, body shape, and self-disclosure in a community sample of adolescent girls and boys","volume":"3","author":"Le Grange","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eating Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.793094","article-title":"The role of emotion regulation in eating disorders: A network meta-analysis approach","volume":"13","author":"Leppanen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119596","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burdens of eating disorder in adolescents and young adults aged 10\u201324 years from 1990 to 2021: A trend analysis","volume":"388","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.5848","article-title":"Global proportion of disordered eating in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"177","author":"L\u00f3pez-Gil","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2017.09.004","article-title":"Screen for disordered eating: Improving the accuracy of eating disorder screening in primary care","volume":"50","author":"Maguen","year":"2018","journal-title":"General Hospital Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amp.2010.09.001","article-title":"Approche \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique de la boulimie et du comportement alimentaire inhabituel en milieu universitaire \u00e0 Marrakech (Maroc) [Epidemiologic approach of bulimia and unusual eating behaviour in the University of Marrakech (Morocco)]","volume":"168","author":"Manoudi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annales M\u00e9dico-Psychologiques, Revue Psychiatrique."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0470","article-title":"Prevalence of body weight dissatisfaction among adolescents: A systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Martini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcc.2008.02.002","article-title":"Les troubles des conduites alimentaires pendant et en dehors du Ramadan [Eating disorders during and outside Ramadan]","volume":"18","author":"Masmoudi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal de Th\u00e9rapie Comportementale et Cognitive"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23433","article-title":"Anhedonia, positive affect dysregulation, and risk and maintenance of binge-eating disorder","volume":"54","author":"Mason","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.2014.11734507","article-title":"Eating disorders in south African schools: A public health crisis that needs immediate intervention","volume":"27","author":"Mchiza","year":"2014","journal-title":"South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2005814","article-title":"Development and validation of instruments measuring body image and body weight dissatisfaction in South African mothers and their daughters","volume":"8","author":"Mciza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Public Health Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.926709","article-title":"The impacts of COVID-19 on eating disorders and disordered eating: A mixed studies systematic review and implications","volume":"13","author":"McLean","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.70021","article-title":"Starving for data: Eating disorders prevalence and research gaps in Southern Africa","volume":"59","author":"Melisse","year":"2026","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327752JPA7601_6","article-title":"Body-esteem scale for adolescents and adults","volume":"76","author":"Mendelson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2017.01.006","article-title":"Body size ideals and dissatisfaction in Ghanaian adolescents: Role of media, lifestyle and well-being","volume":"146","author":"Michels","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147601","article-title":"Panethnic differences in blood pressure in Europe: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Modesti","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7223","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7223.1467","article-title":"The SCOFF questionnaire: Assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders","volume":"319","author":"Morgan","year":"1999","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0525","series-title":"JBI reviewer\u2019s manual","article-title":"Chapter 5: Systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence","author":"Munn","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-018-0330-5","article-title":"Body size perceptions and preferences favor overweight in adult Saharawi refugees","volume":"17","author":"Naigaga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrition Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00796445","article-title":"Screening for abnormal eating attitudes in a population of Egyptian secondary school girls","volume":"29","author":"Nasser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00805628","article-title":"The psychometric properties of the eating attitude test in a non-Western population","volume":"29","author":"Nasser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0545","series-title":"Eating disorders and cultures in transition","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1300182","article-title":"Social media use among adolescents with eating disorders: A double-edged sword","volume":"15","author":"Nawaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0555","first-page":"S563","article-title":"Assessment of eating disorders in adolescents: Tunisian cross-sectional study","volume":"68","author":"Nesrine","year":"2025","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17228658","article-title":"Ambient air pollution, extreme temperatures, and birth outcomes: A protocol for an umbrella review, systematic review, and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Nyadanu","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.7575\/aiac.ijels.v.9n.4p.238","article-title":"Therapeutic outcome of self-control and social interaction interventions on negative body image among in-school adolescents with low health literacy in Southwest Nigeria","volume":"9","author":"Ofole","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-013-0060-9","article-title":"Body size preference among Yoruba in three Nigerian communities","volume":"19","author":"Okoro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2023.45.112.27382","article-title":"Body image dissatisfaction, nutritional status and weight control strategies among university undergraduates in Lagos: A descriptive cross-sectional study","volume":"45","author":"Olatona","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pan African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25426","DOI":"10.18697\/ajfand.127.23625","article-title":"Body image dissatisfaction, disordered eating attitudes and nutritional status among female undergraduate students in Lagos, Nigeria","volume":"24","author":"Olatona","year":"2024","journal-title":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.2024.2439752","article-title":"The effect of online nutrition and lifestyle education on body image dissatisfaction, body mass index, and disordered eating among female university undergraduate students in Lagos, Nigeria","volume":"38","author":"Olatona","year":"2025","journal-title":"South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0590","first-page":"667","article-title":"Abnormal eating attitudes among a group of Nigerian youths: II. Anorexic behaviour","volume":"69","author":"Oyewumi","year":"1992","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0595","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154784","article-title":"Body image satisfaction, eating attitudes and perceptions of female body silhouettes in rural South African adolescents","volume":"11","author":"Pedro","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.2006.11734096","article-title":"Eating attitudes in a group of 11-year-old urban South African girls","volume":"19","author":"Petersen","year":"2006","journal-title":"South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1086\/323732","article-title":"On the use of college students in social science research: Insights from a second-order meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Peterson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24002","article-title":"The need for epidemiological research on eating disorders in Africa and the Caribbean","volume":"56","author":"Philip","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-015-0070-2","article-title":"The rise of eating disorders in Asia: A review","volume":"3","author":"Pike","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980021000768","article-title":"Body size preferences for women and adolescent girls living in Africa: A mixed-methods systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Pradeilles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Health Nutrition"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187508","article-title":"Examining the relationships between body image, eating attitudes, BMI, and physical activity in rural and urban South African young adult females using structural equation modelling","volume":"12","author":"Prioreschi","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0635","first-page":"212","article-title":"Prevalence of eating disorders in the general population: A systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Qian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-021-01162-z","article-title":"An update on the prevalence of eating disorders in the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Qian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.62438\/tunismed.v103i5.5575","article-title":"Body esteem and associated factors among Tunisian adolescents","volume":"103","author":"Rezgui","year":"2025","journal-title":"La Tunisie M\u00e9dicale"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-020-00073-6","article-title":"Occurrence, sociodemographic, and clinical correlates of eating disorders among a sample of secondary school students in Egypt","volume":"27","author":"Sabry","year":"2020","journal-title":"Middle East Curr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2025-003730","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and mental health in a low-income setting characterised by silence and taboos: A cross-sectional analysis of hidden trauma in Togolese school-going adolescents (2025)","volume":"3","author":"Sadio","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0660","first-page":"895","article-title":"Eating disorders: Prevalence and associated factors among health occupation students in Monastir university (Tunisia)","volume":"98","author":"Safer","year":"2020","journal-title":"La Tunisie M\u00e9dicale"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-025-01958-0","article-title":"Global prevalence of eating disorders in children: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Salari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4103\/jncd.jncd_93_24","article-title":"Prevalence, influencing factors, and perspectives on bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating among university students in northern Morocco: A cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Sammoud","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00040-7","article-title":"The hidden burden of eating disorders: An extension of estimates from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"8","author":"Santomauro","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1177\/008124630103100108","article-title":"Evaluation of body shape, eating disorders and weight management related parameters in black female students of rural and urban origins","volume":"31","author":"Senekal","year":"2001","journal-title":"South Africa Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 20","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0685","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (M.I.N.I.): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0690","first-page":"419","article-title":"Abnormal eating attitudes and behaviours among women students","volume":"72","author":"Shefer","year":"1987","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0695","first-page":"209","article-title":"Eating disorders among women in primary care (Monastir, Tunisia)","volume":"100","author":"Slimane Zrafi","year":"2022","journal-title":"La Tunisie M\u00e9dicale"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00488-9","article-title":"Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology: A synthesis of research findings","volume":"53","author":"Stice","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.12.2.123","article-title":"Development and validation of the eating disorder diagnostic scale: A brief self-report measure of anorexia, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder","volume":"12","author":"Stice","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0715","first-page":"115","article-title":"Use of the Danish adoption register for the study of obesity and thinness","volume":"60","author":"Stunkard","year":"1983","journal-title":"Research Publications - Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2012.05.006","article-title":"Weight discrepancy and body appreciation of Zimbabwean women in Zimbabwe and Britain","volume":"9","author":"Swami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0725","first-page":"169","article-title":"Application of the eating attitudes test (EAT-26) in a rural, Zulu speaking, adolescent population in South Africa","volume":"3","author":"Szabo","year":"2004","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0730","first-page":"201","article-title":"Body figure preference in South African adolescent females: A cross cultural study","volume":"6","author":"Szabo","year":"2006","journal-title":"African Health Sciences"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0735","first-page":"524","article-title":"Abnormal eating attitudes in secondary-school girls in South Africa: A preliminary study","volume":"87","author":"Szabo","year":"1997","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0329608","article-title":"Breakfast consumption patterns and associated factors among adolescent high-school students in Tullo district, eastern Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Teferi","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0745","article-title":"Disordered eating behaviors and associated factors among secondary school adolescents in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Tekola","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13340","article-title":"Eating disorders, body image and media exposure among adolescent girls in rural Burkina Faso","volume":"25","author":"Terhoeven","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine & International Health"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S285","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.765","article-title":"Binge eating disorder experienced by young doctors struggling with COVID-19","volume":"64","author":"Tfifha","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0760","series-title":"Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment, and treatment of body image disturbance","author":"Thompson","year":"1999"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00656-0","article-title":"Sociocultural drivers of body image and eating disorder risk in rural Nicaraguan women","volume":"10","author":"Thornborrow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2006.05.004","article-title":"Changing perceptions of attractiveness as observers are exposed to a different culture","volume":"27","author":"Tov\u00e9e","year":"2006","journal-title":"Evolution and Human Behavior"},{"issue":"10227","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30059-3","article-title":"Eating disorders","volume":"395","author":"Treasure","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S191","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2024.414","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of eating disorders in the Tunisian general population","volume":"67","author":"Turki","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0785","first-page":"S847","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of eating disorder risk among Tunisian university students","volume":"66","author":"Turki","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S655","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2023.1361","article-title":"Eating disorders and smartphone addiction among university students: Which relationship?","volume":"66","author":"Turki","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.2014.11734511","article-title":"Abnormal eating attitudes and weight-loss behaviour of adolescent girls attending a \u201ctraditional\u201d Jewish high school in Johannesburg, South Africa","volume":"27","author":"Visser","year":"2014","journal-title":"South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2023.102267","article-title":"Impairments among DSM-5 eating disorders: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Wilkop","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0805","series-title":"Composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI) researcher\u2019s manual (version 1.1)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2023.101650","article-title":"Digging into digital buffets: A systematic review of eating-related social media content and its relationship with body image and eating behaviours","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-2318-6","article-title":"Disordered eating attitude and associated factors among high school adolescents aged 12-19 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Yirga","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Research Notes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460.2022.2072524","article-title":"Body image perceptions and avoidance behaviours among a Moroccan group of adolescents","volume":"49","author":"Zakaria","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annals of Human Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.847274","article-title":"Internet addiction and its associated factors among African high school and university students: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Zewde","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749_bb0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-025-01197-y","article-title":"Emotion regulation difficulties and disordered eating in adolescents and young adults: A meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"}],"container-title":["Clinical Psychology Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272735826000589?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272735826000589?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T19:15:53Z","timestamp":1783624553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0272735826000589"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":163,"alternative-id":["S0272735826000589"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-7358","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of eating disorders, eating disorder risk, and body image dissatisfaction across Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Psychology Review","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2026.102749","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102749"}}