{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T22:44:58Z","timestamp":1772491498526,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","plasticsurgery.theclinics.com","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Plastic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T12:57:07Z","timestamp":1633957027000},"page":"81-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dorsal Hump Reduction and Midvault Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Bryan J.","family":"Pyfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew N.","family":"Atia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31822b6a82","article-title":"Management of the nasal dorsum in rhinoplasty: a systematic review of the literature regarding technique, outcomes, and complications","volume":"128","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib2","first-page":"286","article-title":"A\u00a0history of rhinoplasty","volume":"62","author":"Eisenberg","year":"1982","journal-title":"S\u00a0Afr Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1598033","article-title":"Understanding approaches to the dorsal hump","volume":"33","author":"Barrett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-195112000-00004","article-title":"The anatomical relationship of the lateral nasal cartilage to the nasal bone and the cartilaginous nasal septum","volume":"8","author":"Straatsma","year":"1951","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg (1946)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib5","series-title":"Aesthetic plastic surgery","author":"Rees","year":"1980"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198603000-00010","article-title":"Anatomy of the nasal hump","volume":"77","author":"McKinney","year":"1986","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib7","series-title":"Aesthetic rhinoplasty","author":"Sheen","year":"1978"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2004.07.004","article-title":"Structure approach in rhinoplasty","volume":"13","author":"Toriumi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000135861.45986.CF","article-title":"Component dorsal hump reduction: the importance of maintaining dorsal aesthetic lines in rhinoplasty","volume":"114","author":"Rohrich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-002-4309-3","article-title":"Deepening the nasofrontal angle","volume":"26","author":"Aiach","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1224802","article-title":"Rhinoplasty: the African American patient","volume":"23","author":"Momoh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564818","article-title":"Nasal analysis and anatomy: anthropometric proportional assessment in Asians-aesthetic balance from forehead to Chin, part I","volume":"29","author":"Suhk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2005.08.008","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of aesthetic proportions between the healthy Caucasian nose and the aesthetic ideal","volume":"59","author":"Leong","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-02048-8","article-title":"Non-Surgical Rhinoplasty: The Ascending Technique and a 14-Year Retrospective Study of 2130 Cases","volume":"45","author":"Kassir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006892","article-title":"Nonsurgical rhinoplasty: a systematic review of technique, outcomes, and complications","volume":"146","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2020.09.010","article-title":"New concepts in dorsal hump reduction","volume":"33","author":"Fattahi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjx180","article-title":"Dorsal preservation: the push down technique reassessed","volume":"38","author":"Saban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006850","article-title":"Decision-making in middle vault reconstruction following dorsal hump reduction in primary rhinoplasty","volume":"145","author":"Avashia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1598016","article-title":"Midvault reconstruction in primary rhinoplasty","volume":"33","author":"Rudy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1586124","article-title":"Options for middle vault and dorsum restoration after hump removal in primary rhinoplasty","volume":"32","author":"Kovacevic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1977.00780250048003","article-title":"Curved lateral osteotomy for airway protection in rhinoplasty","volume":"103","author":"Webster","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1083088","article-title":"Functional considerations in revision rhinoplasty","volume":"24","author":"Ballert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)31590-5","article-title":"Nasal valve physiology. Implications in nasal surgery","volume":"20","author":"Kasperbauer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197604000-00010","article-title":"Nasal obstruction after rhinoplasty: etiology, and techniques for correction","volume":"86","author":"Beekhuis","year":"1976","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199504000-00017","article-title":"Reduction rhinoplasty and nasal patency: change in the cross-sectional area of the nose evaluated by acoustic rhinometry","volume":"105","author":"Grymer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198402000-00013","article-title":"Spreader graft: a method of reconstructing the roof of the middle nasal vault following rhinoplasty","volume":"73","author":"Sheen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181bf7e3a","article-title":"Validation of a cadaveric model for comprehensive physiologic and anatomic evaluation of rhinoplastic techniques","volume":"124","author":"Coan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000168707.71596.f6","article-title":"The use of spreader grafts in primary rhinoplasty","volume":"55","author":"Boccieri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)31115-9","article-title":"Use of spreader grafts in the external approach to rhinoplasty","volume":"23","author":"Rohrich","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib30","first-page":"275","article-title":"The spreader-splay graft combination: a treatment approach for the osseocartilaginous vault deformities following rhinoplasty","volume":"27","author":"Acart\u00fcrk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib31","first-page":"516","article-title":"The use of short spreader grafts in rhinoplasty for patients with thick nasal skin","volume":"37","author":"Grigoryants","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1950.00700020488001","article-title":"Collapsed ALA: pathologic physiology and management","volume":"51","author":"Fomon","year":"1950","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib33","unstructured":"Wood WG. Using the upper lateral cartilage as a spreader graft. Presented at the American Society of Plastic Surgeons Meeting. Washington DC, November, 1992."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-820X(98)70095-0","article-title":"Upper lateral cartilage spreader flaps in rhinoplasty","volume":"18","author":"Oneal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2014.28.3991","article-title":"Spreader flaps do not change early functional outcomes in reduction rhinoplasty: a randomized control trial","volume":"28","author":"Saedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1001\/archfacial.2011.7","article-title":"Nasal airway preservation using the autospreader technique: analysis of outcomes using a disease-specific quality-of-life instrument","volume":"13","author":"Yoo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181c5a203","article-title":"Mapping thickness of nasal septal cartilage","volume":"21","author":"Hwang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000259198.42852.d4","article-title":"The spreader flap in primary rhinoplasty","volume":"119","author":"Gruber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009412982100078X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009412982100078X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T14:24:53Z","timestamp":1758810293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S009412982100078X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S009412982100078X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-1298"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0094-1298","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dorsal Hump Reduction and Midvault Reconstruction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Plastic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}