{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T10:50:09Z","timestamp":1775386209357,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Problems in Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T16:04:38Z","timestamp":1770825878000},"page":"102003","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Surgical pain control for rib fractures: Procedural options for acute and persistent pain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Vladislav","family":"Muldiiarov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9409-2193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary M.","family":"Bauman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000637","article-title":"An update on regional analgesia for rib fractures","volume":"31","author":"Thiruvenkatarajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-023-01172-9","article-title":"Analgesic techniques for rib fractures: a comprehensive review article","volume":"27","author":"Koushik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2013.05.011","article-title":"Use of ketorolac is associated with decreased pneumonia following rib fractures","volume":"207","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2004.05.019","article-title":"Epidural analgesia improves outcome after multiple rib fractures","volume":"136","author":"Bulger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2020.12.014","article-title":"Multi-modal analgesic strategy for trauma: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial","volume":"232","author":"Harvin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003486","article-title":"Multimodal analgesia reduces opioid requirements in trauma patients with rib fractures","volume":"92","author":"Burton","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028020964796","article-title":"Efficacy of methocarbamol for acute pain management in young adults with traumatic rib fractures","volume":"55","author":"Deloney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.06.002","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized controlled trial of gabapentin versus. placebo for acute pain management in critically ill patients with rib fractures","volume":"49","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199905000-00011","article-title":"Prospective, randomized comparison of epidural versus parenteral opioid analgesia in thoracic trauma","volume":"229","author":"Moon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517710068","article-title":"Thoracic paravertebral block versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for pain treatment in patients with multiple rib fractures","volume":"45","author":"Yeying","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.14820","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block compared to sham procedure in adult patients with rib fractures presenting to the emergency department: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Ramesh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2024.0969","article-title":"Serratus anterior plane blocks for early rib fracture pain management: the SABRE randomized clinical trial","volume":"159","author":"Partyka","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.12.041","article-title":"Analgesic efficacy of the serratus anterior plane block in rib fractures pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"41","author":"Tek\u015fen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0014","first-page":"87","article-title":"Comparison thoracic epidural and intercostal block to improve ventilation parameters and reduce pain in patients with multiple rib fractures","volume":"3","author":"Hashemzadeh","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Thorac Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sipas.2022.100089","article-title":"Rib fracture management: a review of surgical stabilization, regional analgesia, and intercostal nerve cryoablation","volume":"10","author":"Stopenski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surgery in Practice and Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2020-101986","article-title":"American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity checklist: 2020 version","volume":"46","author":"Neal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000004446","article-title":"It doesn't hurt as long as I don't move: aligning pain assessment in patients with rib fractures with mobilization needed for recovery","author":"Bauman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.02.009","article-title":"Surgical stabilization of rib fractures combined with intercostal nerve cryoablation proves to be more cost effective by reducing hospital length of stay and narcotics","volume":"52","author":"Bauman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02796779","article-title":"Die postoperativen st\u00f6rungen der atemmechanik und ihre r\u00fcckwirkungen auf die Lungen","volume":"240","author":"Capelle","year":"1933","journal-title":"Dtsch Z Chir"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0020","first-page":"524","article-title":"A method for control of postoperative pain","volume":"91","author":"Blades","year":"1950","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0021","first-page":"394","article-title":"Wound perfusion with bupivacaine: objective evidence for efficacy in postoperative pain relief","volume":"71","author":"Chester","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/58.6.615","article-title":"Abdominal wound perfusion for the relief of postoperative pain","volume":"58","author":"Levack","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200511000-00018","article-title":"Continuous peripheral nerve blocks in hospital wards after orthopedic surgery: a multicenter prospective analysis of the quality of postoperative analgesia and complications in 1,416 patients","volume":"103","author":"Capdevila","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001581","article-title":"Continuous peripheral nerve blocks: an update of the published evidence and comparison with novel, alternative analgesic modalities","volume":"124","author":"Ilfeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000130","article-title":"Accuracy and consistency of modern elastomeric pumps","volume":"39","author":"Weisman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318187c9bb","article-title":"Elastomeric pump reliability in postoperative regional anesthesia: a survey of 430 consecutive devices","volume":"107","author":"Remerand","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-010-0651-9","article-title":"Out with the old, in with the new: a novel approach to treating pain associated with rib fractures","volume":"34","author":"Truitt","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.01.057","article-title":"Subpleural catheter placement for pain relief after thoracoscopic resection","volume":"81","author":"Detterbeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2013.12.028","article-title":"Prospective, comparative study of the On-Q\u00ae PainBuster\u00ae postoperative pain relief system and thoracic epidural analgesia after thoracic surgery","volume":"28","author":"Ried","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2003.00208.x","article-title":"Continuous epidural or intercostal analgesia following thoracotomy: a prospective randomized double-blind clinical trial","volume":"47","author":"Debreceni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.10.055","article-title":"Thoracic epidural versus intercostal nerve catheter plus patient-controlled analgesia: a randomized study","volume":"79","author":"Luketich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2020-000600","article-title":"Use of continuous intercostal nerve blockade is associated with improved outcomes in patients with multiple rib fractures","volume":"6","author":"Uhlich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0033","first-page":"1548","article-title":"Continuous intercostal nerve blockade for rib fractures: ready for primetime?","volume":"71","author":"Truitt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2023.111053","article-title":"Intercostal cryonerve block versus elastomeric infusion pump for postoperative analgesia following surgical stabilization of traumatic rib fractures","volume":"54","author":"O'Connor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2023-104667","article-title":"Local anesthetic dosing and toxicity of adult truncal catheters: a narrative review of published practice","volume":"49","author":"Bungart","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.SJA_709_19","article-title":"Occlusion of multi-holed catheters used in continuous wound infusion in open gynecologic surgery: a pathological study","volume":"14","author":"Shimizu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S211234","article-title":"Continuous wound infiltration of local anesthetics in postoperative pain management: safety, efficacy and current perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Paladini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0038","first-page":"761","article-title":"Zur elektrochirurgie [For electrosurgery]","volume":"147","author":"Krischner","year":"1931","journal-title":"Arch Klin Chir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0039","first-page":"319","article-title":"Percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy","volume":"2","author":"Uematsu","year":"1974","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.51.2.0172","article-title":"The anatomy of the so-called \u201carticular nerves\u201d and their relationship to facet denervation in the treatment of low-back pain","volume":"51","author":"Bogduk","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2016.29.1.3","article-title":"Neural ablation and regeneration in pain practice","volume":"29","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-6-30","article-title":"RF tumor ablation with internally cooled electrodes and saline infusion: what is the optimal location of the saline infusion?","volume":"6","author":"Burd\u00edo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinsp.2022.100033","article-title":"Neuropathologic damage induced by radiofrequency ablation at different temperatures","volume":"77","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-010-0881-5","article-title":"Pulsed radiofrequency treatment in interventional pain management: mechanisms and potential indications: a review","volume":"153","author":"Chua","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2009.00317.x","article-title":"Ultrastructural changes in axons following exposure to pulsed radiofrequency fields","volume":"9","author":"Erdine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e318074c99c","article-title":"A comparison of conventional and pulsed radiofrequency denervation in the treatment of chronic facet joint pain","volume":"23","author":"Tekin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E737","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2023.26.E737","article-title":"Radiofrequency Ablation's effectiveness for treating abdominal and thoracic chronic pain syndromes: a systematic review of the current literature","volume":"26","author":"Vachirakorntong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E711","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2012\/15\/E711","article-title":"Utility of intercostal nerve conventional thermal radiofrequency ablations in the injured worker after blunt trauma","volume":"15","author":"Engel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0049","first-page":"61","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of the intercostal nerve for traumatic rib fracture pain: a case report","volume":"6","author":"Ramya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680109400416","article-title":"The history of cryosurgery","volume":"94","author":"Cooper","year":"2001","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1969.00990010152029","article-title":"Nitrous oxide AS a coolant in ophthalmic cryosurgery","volume":"81","author":"Amoils","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)64357-3","article-title":"Intraoperative intercostal nerve freezing to prevent postthoracotomy pain","volume":"18","author":"Nelson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3304","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113304","article-title":"Histopathologic study of the effects of surgically applied cryoanalgesia on intercostal nerves in a live porcine model","volume":"13","author":"Guitron","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/698256","article-title":"Peripheral nerve reconstruction after injury: a review of clinical and experimental therapies","volume":"2014","author":"Grinsell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-024-01281-z","article-title":"A narrative review of ultrasound-guided and landmark-based percutaneous cryoneurolysis for the management of acute and chronic pain","volume":"28","author":"Gabriel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001201","article-title":"Intrathoracic plates versus extrathoracic plates: a comparison of postoperative pain in surgical stabilization of rib fracture technique","volume":"8","author":"Tichenor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0057","article-title":"Rib fracture management: a review of surgical stabilization, regional analgesia, and intercostal nerve cryoablation","volume":"10","author":"Stopenski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg Pract Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2023.05.034","article-title":"Intercostal nerve cryoablation during surgical stabilization of rib fractures decreases post-operative opioid use, ventilation days, and intensive care days","volume":"54","author":"Marturano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003623","article-title":"In-hospital outcomes of intercostal nerve cryoablation and surgical stabilization of rib fractures","volume":"93","author":"Fernandez","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001201","article-title":"Intrathoracic plates versus extrathoracic plates: a comparison of postoperative pain in surgical stabilization of rib fracture technique","volume":"8","author":"Tichenor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.19395","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided percutaneous intercostal nerve cryoneurolysis for analgesia following traumatic rib fracture -a case series","volume":"73","author":"Finneran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2024-001521","article-title":"Bedside percutaneous cryoneurolysis technique for management of acute rib fracture pain in adult trauma patients","volume":"9","author":"Villalta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2021-000690","article-title":"Efficacy of intercostal cryoneurolysis as an analgesic adjunct for chest wall pain after surgery or trauma: systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Cha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2007.07.011","article-title":"Comparison of epidural analgesia and intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia for post-thoracotomy pain control","volume":"12","author":"Ju","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2013.08.051","article-title":"Long-term patient outcomes after surgical stabilization of rib fractures","volume":"208","author":"Majercik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.11.026","article-title":"Prospective study of long-term quality-of-life after rib fractures","volume":"172","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S1547-4127(04)00022-2","article-title":"Postthoracotomy pain syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Karmakar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorac Surg Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0068","first-page":"91","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation for treating resistant intercostal neuralgia","volume":"18","author":"Abd-Elsayed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ochsner J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.11.058","article-title":"Neurectomy for treatment of intercostal neuralgia","volume":"85","author":"Williams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"3699","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3699.971","article-title":"Pain mechanisms: a new theory","volume":"150","author":"Melzack","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0071","article-title":"PNS for management of intercostal neuralgia: a case report","volume":"4","author":"Morris","year":"2025","journal-title":"Interv Pain Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0072","article-title":"Intercostal neuralgia successfully managed with peripheral nerve stimulation","volume":"16","author":"Gallacher","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S362204","article-title":"Evidence-based clinical guidelines from the American Society of Pain and Neuroscience for the use of implantable peripheral nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain","volume":"15","author":"Strand","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pain Res"}],"container-title":["Current Problems in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0011384026000274?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0011384026000274?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T09:58:26Z","timestamp":1775383106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0011384026000274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["S0011384026000274"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-3840"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-3840","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Surgical pain control for rib fractures: Procedural options for acute and persistent pain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Problems in Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.102003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102003"}}