{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T03:13:08Z","timestamp":1777605188032,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalradiologyonline.net","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T11:19:42Z","timestamp":1704712782000},"page":"e500-e510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomics differentiate anterior mediastinum lymphoma from thymoma without myasthenia gravis and calcification"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"X.","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thorsurg.2010.08.001","article-title":"Management of stage I and II thymoma","volume":"21","author":"Detterbeck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thorac Surg Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-006-0032-5","article-title":"The anterior mediastinum: diseases","volume":"111","author":"Priola","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000119","article-title":"Primary mediastinal classical Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"23","author":"Pi\u00f1a-Oviedo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.03.010","article-title":"Utilization of minimally invasive thymectomy and margin-negative resection for early-stage thymoma","volume":"108","author":"Burt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thorsurg.2018.12.007","article-title":"Surgical decision making: thymoma and myasthenia gravis","volume":"29","author":"Comacchio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thorac Surg Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2013.07.121","article-title":"What is the prevalence of a \"nontherapeutic\" thymectomy?","volume":"97","author":"Kent","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2003.08.004","article-title":"Seeding of stage I thymoma into the chest wall 12 years after needle biopsy","volume":"79","author":"Kattach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.06.090","article-title":"Thymoma and myasthenia gravis: a clinical study of 1,089 patients from Japan","volume":"79","author":"Kondo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3741","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-23-164","article-title":"Marginal calcification of thymoma: differences in the location of calcification indicate differences in the characteristics of thymomas","volume":"15","author":"Imazu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2688","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25583","article-title":"A population-based assessment of mortality and morbidity patterns among patients with thymoma","volume":"128","author":"Gadalla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.13964","article-title":"Calcification in thymomas can predict invasiveness to surrounding organs","volume":"12","author":"Yoshida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.317115505","article-title":"Role of imaging in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of thymoma","volume":"31","author":"Benveniste","year":"2011","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.11.042","article-title":"High rate of unnecessary thymectomy and its cause. Can computed tomography distinguish thymoma, lymphoma, thymic hyperplasia, and thymic cysts?","volume":"84","author":"Ackman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.11.036","article-title":"Radiomics: extracting more information from medical images using advanced feature analysis","volume":"48","author":"Lambin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-023-01045-x","article-title":"A transformer-based representation-learning model with unified processing of multimodal input for clinical diagnostics","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1043163","article-title":"Machine-learning classifiers based on non-enhanced computed tomography radiomics to differentiate anterior mediastinal cysts from thymomas and low-risk from high-risk thymomas: a multi-center study","volume":"12","author":"Shang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2023.02.014","article-title":"Conventional and radiomic features to predict pathology in the preoperative assessment of anterior mediastinal masses","volume":"178","author":"Mayoral","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.10.010","article-title":"The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Thymus and Mediastinum: what is new in thymic epithelial, germ cell, and mesenchymal tumours?","volume":"17","author":"Marx","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020191145","article-title":"The Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative: standardized quantitative radiomics for high-throughput image-based phenotyping","volume":"295","author":"Zwanenburg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X06295361","article-title":"Decision curve analysis: a novel method for evaluating prediction models","volume":"26","author":"Vickers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-023-01415-8","article-title":"CheckList for EvaluAtion of Radiomics research (CLEAR): a step-by-step reporting guideline for authors and reviewers endorsed by ESR and EuSoMII","volume":"14","author":"Kocak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2014.01.029","article-title":"Intermediate-term oncologic outcomes after video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy for early-stage thymoma","volume":"148","author":"Sakamaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3643","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-021-05371-7","article-title":"Radiomics and gene expression profile to characterise the disease and predict outcome in patients with lung cancer","volume":"48","author":"Kirienko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2021.11.017","article-title":"Preoperative CT-based peritumoural and tumoural radiomic features prediction for tumour spread through air spaces in clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"163","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib26","article-title":"3D DenseNet deep learning based preoperative computed tomography for detecting myasthenia gravis in patients with thymoma","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08143-x","article-title":"Differentiating thymoma, thymic carcinoma and lymphoma based on collagen fibre patterns with T2- and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"32","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2022.02.055","article-title":"Positron emission tomography\/computed tomography differentiates resectable thymoma from anterior mediastinal lymphoma","volume":"165","author":"Byrd","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20180598","article-title":"Value of CT spectral imaging in the differential diagnosis of thymoma and mediastinal lymphoma","volume":"92","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S296","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181f209ca","article-title":"Imaging thymoma","volume":"5","author":"Marom","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib31","article-title":"Imaging evaluation of thymoma and thymic carcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Strange","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2007.10.002","article-title":"Anterior mediastinal tumours: diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRI","volume":"69","author":"Tomiyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2018.01.017","article-title":"Quantitative computed tomography texture analyses for anterior mediastinal masses: differentiation between solid masses and cysts","volume":"100","author":"Yasaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib34","article-title":"Radiomics signatures of computed tomography imaging for predicting risk categorization and clinical stage of thymomas","volume":"2019","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2019.10.018","article-title":"A recurrence predictive model for thymic tumours and its implication for postoperative management: a Chinese Alliance for Research in Thymomas Database Study","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.179.4.1790881","article-title":"Using the World Health Organization classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms to describe CT findings","volume":"179","author":"Tomiyama","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.21844","article-title":"Quantitative 3D shape analysis of CT images of thymoma: a comparison with histological types","volume":"214","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02759-1","article-title":"Pancreas adenocarcinoma CT texture analysis: comparison of 3D and 2D tumour segmentation techniques","volume":"46","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.08.003","article-title":"Is tumour sphericity an important prognostic factor in patients with lung cancer?","volume":"143","author":"Davey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib40","article-title":"CT-based radiomics analysis to predict histopathological outcomes following liver resection in colorectal liver metastases","volume":"14","author":"Granata","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.14038","article-title":"T2w-MRI signal normalization affects radiomics features reproducibility","volume":"47","author":"Scalco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2018.03.013","article-title":"Texture analysis and machine learning of non-contrast T1-weighted MR images in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy\u2014preliminary results","volume":"102","author":"Bae\u00dfler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib43","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomics analysis in predicting lymphovascular invasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-021-03350-y","article-title":"Machine learning based evaluation of clinical and pretreatment (18)F-FDG-PET\/CT radiomic features to predict prognosis of cervical cancer patients","volume":"47","author":"Nakajo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73237-3","article-title":"Prognostic value of FDG-PET radiomics with machine learning in pancreatic cancer","volume":"10","author":"Toyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Clinical Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009926024000102?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009926024000102?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T20:13:36Z","timestamp":1762114416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0009926024000102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0009926024000102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9260"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9260","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomics differentiate anterior mediastinum lymphoma from thymoma without myasthenia gravis and calcification","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2023.12.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}