{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T22:58:25Z","timestamp":1762642705720,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":96,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T17:17:25Z","timestamp":1744132645000},"page":"100258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Clinical canine Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) infections are associated with highly elevated total IgG ELISA titers and convalescent Th2 immune responses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"K. Emil","family":"Hovius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tess","family":"van den Bergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Almalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Versmissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6171-1805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor P.","family":"Rutten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0218-4320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hein","family":"Sprong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joppe W.","family":"Hovius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S64","DOI":"10.1086\/516163","article-title":"Why is chronic Lyme borreliosis chronic?","volume":"25","author":"Aberer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1086\/314448","article-title":"Borrelia burgdorferi-infected, interleukin-6-deficient mice have decreased Th2 responses and increased lyme arthritis","volume":"178","author":"Anguita","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.3.651","article-title":"Experimental Lyme disease in dogs produces arthritis and persistent infection","volume":"167","author":"Appel","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib4","first-page":"337","article-title":"Prevalence of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum and their clinical relevance in dogs in Munich, Germany","volume":"125","author":"Barth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Berl. M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00018-14","article-title":"Diversity of antibody responses to Borrelia burgdorferi in experimentally infected beagle dogs","volume":"21","author":"Baum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.17221\/5687-VETMED","article-title":"The importance of dogs in eco-epidemiology of Lyme borreliosis: A review","volume":"49","author":"Bhide","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3329","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3329-3333.1999","article-title":"Experimental Lyme arthritis in the absence of interleukin-4 or gamma interferon","volume":"67","author":"Brown","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7043737","article-title":"Lyme disease - a tick-borne spirochetosis?","volume":"216","author":"Burgdorfer","year":"1982","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib9","first-page":"80","article-title":"Dissemination of Borrelia burgdorferi after experimental infection in dogs","volume":"3","author":"Chang","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Spirochetal Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.04.019","article-title":"Imbalanced presence of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. multilocus sequence types in clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis","volume":"42","author":"Coipan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib11","first-page":"1473","article-title":"Evidence for genetic predisposition to Borrelia burgdorferi infection in purpose bred beagles","volume":"26","author":"Contreras E","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589703400201","article-title":"Morphologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural characterization of a distinctive renal lesion in dogs putatively associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection: 49 cases (1987\u20131992)","volume":"34","author":"Dambach","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-48","article-title":"The immunopathology of canine vector-borne diseases","volume":"4","author":"Day","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8840(11)80373-7","article-title":"The woodmouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) as a reservoir of tick-transmitted spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi) in The Netherlands","volume":"279","author":"De Boer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Zentralbl. Bakteriol."},{"year":"2001","series-title":"Internal (RIVM) Standard Operating Procedure Borrelia ELISA","author":"Duijkeren","key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib15"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib16","first-page":"169","article-title":"The spectrum of organ and systems pathology in human Lyme disease","volume":"263","author":"Duray","year":"1986","journal-title":"Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.02.001","article-title":"Species of ticks and carried pathogens in owned dogs in Spain: Results of a one-year national survey","volume":"8","author":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib18","first-page":"28","article-title":"Canine Lyme borreliosis I. Gross clinical observations of laboratory beagles following exposure to ticks infected with Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"2","author":"Evans","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Spirochetal Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib19","first-page":"33","article-title":"Canine Lyme borreliosis II. Minimal lesions in tissues of laboratory beagles following infection by exposure to ixodid ticks infected with Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"2","author":"Evans","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Spirochetal Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3299-9","article-title":"Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp. and Dirofilaria immitis in Canadian dogs, 2008 to 2015: A repeat cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Evason","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib21","first-page":"523","article-title":"Geographic and temporal variations in population dynamics of Ixodes ricinus and associated Borrelia infections in The Netherlands. Vector Borne Zoonot","volume":"11","author":"Gassner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.08.022","article-title":"Association of urine protein excretion and infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Bernese Mountain dogs","volume":"182","author":"Gerber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-3-15","article-title":"Increased prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi infections in Bernese Mountain Dogs: A possible breed predisposition","volume":"3","author":"Gerber","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-5-18","article-title":"Follow-up of Bernese Mountain dogs and other dogs with serologically diagnosed Borrelia burgdorferi infection: what happens to seropositive animals?","volume":"5","author":"Gerber","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.013","article-title":"Detection of tick-borne pathogens in ticks from dogs and cats in different European countries","volume":"9","author":"Geurden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib26","first-page":"650","article-title":"The prevalence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi, an indicator for Lyme borreliosis in dogs? A comparison of serological tests","volume":"128","author":"Goossens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1988.49.06.752","article-title":"Clinical and serological evaluations of induced Borrelia burgdorferi infection in dogs","volume":"49","author":"Greene","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2018.2369","article-title":"Temporal-spatial variation in questing tick activity in The Netherlands: The effect of climatic and habitat factors","volume":"19","author":"Hartemink","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonot. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04607-7","article-title":"Seasonal patterns and spatial variation of Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) infections in Ixodes ricinus in The Netherlands","volume":"14","author":"Hartemink","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1988.tb31849.x","article-title":"Immunoglobulin G subclasses specific to Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with Lyme disease","volume":"539","author":"Hechemy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3105-y","article-title":"Decrease in tick bite consultations and stabilization of early Lyme borreliosis in The Netherlands in 2014 after 15 years of continuous increase","volume":"16","author":"Hofhuis","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2014.09.006","article-title":"Continuing increase of tick bites and Lyme disease between 1994 and 2009","volume":"6","author":"Hofhuis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.7.2611-2621.2000","article-title":"Antibodies against specific proteins of and immobilizing activity against three strains of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato can be found in symptomatic but not in infected asymptomatic dogs","volume":"38","author":"Hovius","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2006.00177.x","article-title":"Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia garinii alters the course of murine Lyme borreliosis","volume":"49","author":"Hovius","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"year":"1999","series-title":"Borrelia Infections in Dogs in Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Aspects","author":"Hovius","key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib35"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1998.9694860","article-title":"Identification of four Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from Dutch dogs","volume":"20","author":"Hovius","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib37","first-page":"612","article-title":"[Diagnostic aspects of Borrelia-infections in dogs]","volume":"132","author":"Hovius","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1999.9694985","article-title":"A serological study of cohorts of young dogs, naturally exposed to Ixodes ricinus ticks, indicates seasonal reinfection by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato","volume":"21","author":"Hovius","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1999.9694992","article-title":"Presence and distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in internal organs and skin of naturally infected symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs, as detected by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"21","author":"Hovius","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2058-z","article-title":"Searching for Lyme borreliosis in Australia: Results of a canine sentinel study","volume":"10","author":"Irwin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3107","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.8.3107-3111.1997","article-title":"T-helper-cell cytokines in the early evolution of murine Lyme arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Kang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.4.2020","article-title":"Role of IL-4 and IFN-gamma in modulation of immunity to Borrelia burgdorferi in mice","volume":"155","author":"Keane-Myers","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1985.186.09.960","article-title":"Arthritis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs","volume":"186","author":"Kornblatt","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.09.028","article-title":"The role of domestic dogs and cats in the zoonotic cycles of ticks and pathogens. Preliminary studies in the Wroclaw Agglomeration (SW Poland)","volume":"214","author":"Krol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.1248-1251.1998","article-title":"Serum complement sensitivity as a key factor in Lyme disease ecology","volume":"66","author":"Kurtenbach","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.81.11.1448","article-title":"Dogs as sentinels for Lyme disease in Massachusetts","volume":"81","author":"Lindenmayer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1984.185.02.219","article-title":"Spirochete-associated arthritis (Lyme disease) in a dog","volume":"185","author":"Lissman","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15085","article-title":"ACVIM consensus update on Lyme borreliosis in dogs and cats","volume":"32","author":"Littman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2006.tb02880.x","article-title":"ACVIM small animal consensus statement on Lyme disease in dogs: Diagnosis, reatment, and prevention","volume":"20","author":"Littman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-3161-5","article-title":"Dog survey in Russian veterinary hospitals: Tick identification and molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Livanova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1985.186.09.955","article-title":"Borreliosis in dogs from southern Connecticut","volume":"186","author":"Magnarelli","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.196.07.1064","article-title":"Persistence of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs of New York and Connecticut","volume":"196","author":"Magnarelli","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.2.237-240.1996","article-title":"Use of recombinant antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi in serologic tests for diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis","volume":"34","author":"Magnarelli","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1994.205.02.186","article-title":"Competence of dogs as reservoirs for Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi)","volume":"205","author":"Mather","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib56","first-page":"375","article-title":"Borreliose bei hunden\/klinische und serologische befunde","volume":"39","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Kleintierpraxis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7219-x","article-title":"What is the real number of Lyme disease cases in Canada?","volume":"19","author":"Ogden","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib58","first-page":"618","article-title":"IgG subclasses of specific antibodies in Ixodes ricinus-borne borreliosis","volume":"69","author":"Olsson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4518-8","article-title":"Current surveys of the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Leishmania infantum, Babesia canis, Angiostrongylus vasorum and Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Bulgaria","volume":"114","author":"Pantchev","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.03.079","article-title":"Genomic analyses reveal the influence of geographic origin, migration, and hybridization on modern dog breed development","volume":"19","author":"Parker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1097406","article-title":"Genetic structure of the purebred domestic dog","volume":"304","author":"Parker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4086","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.12.4086-4092.1999","article-title":"Scored antibody reactivity determined by immunoblotting shows an association between clinical manifestations and presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, B. afzelii, and B. valaisiana in humans","volume":"37","author":"Ryffel","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830211016","article-title":"Experimental Borrelia burgdorferi infection in inbred mouse strains: Antibody response and association of H-2 genes with resistance and susceptibility to development of arthritis","volume":"21","author":"Schaible","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib64","first-page":"427","article-title":"Prevalence of canine Lyme disease from an endemic area as determined by serosurvey","volume":"263","author":"Schulze","year":"1987","journal-title":"Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-40-4-293","article-title":"Diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis: nNon-specific serological reactions with Borrelia burgdorferi sonicate antigen caused by IgG2 antibodies","volume":"40","author":"Seppala","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.10.017","article-title":"Canine borreliosis: A laboratory diagnostic trial","volume":"120","author":"Speck","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-86-6-685","article-title":"Erythema chronicum migrans and Lyme arthritis. The enlarging clinical spectrum","volume":"86","author":"Steere","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib68","series-title":"12th International Conference on Lyme Disease and Other Spirochetal and Tick-Borne Disorders","first-page":"91","article-title":"Lyme disease in dogs: Basic research","author":"Straubinger","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2004.11.006","article-title":"Histopathological studies of experimental Lyme disease in the dog","volume":"133","author":"Summers","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2015.1933","article-title":"Acarological risk of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infections across space and time in The Netherlands","volume":"17","author":"Takken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonot Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3359","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.5.3359-3371.2001","article-title":"Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis alters murine immune responses, pathogen burden, and severity of Lyme arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Thomas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0392","article-title":"Serological survey of Borrelia infection of dogs in Sapporo, Japan, where Borrelia garinii infection was previously detected","volume":"78","author":"Uesaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.4.708","article-title":"Different genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi are associated with distinct clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis","volume":"17","author":"van Dam","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2017036","article-title":"Epidemiological survey of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in pet dogs in south-eastern China","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasite"}],"container-title":["Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667114X25000184?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667114X25000184?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T22:46:22Z","timestamp":1762641982000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667114X25000184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":74,"alternative-id":["S2667114X25000184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-114X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2667-114X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical canine Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) infections are associated with highly elevated total IgG ELISA titers and convalescent Th2 immune responses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100258","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100258"}}