{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T20:37:23Z","timestamp":1793824643020,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":118,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000288","name":"The Royal Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGS\\\\R1\\\\211047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGS\\\\R1\\\\211047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000288","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012095","name":"Scottish Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011310","name":"Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011310","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007426","name":"Moredun Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/X511158\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/X511158\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Research in Parasitology &amp; Vector-Borne Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T17:58:13Z","timestamp":1746727093000},"page":"100264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Global prevalence of Cryptosporidium infections in cattle: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Rachel","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Przemyslaw","family":"Wieckowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3626-844X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Matechou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Katzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5424-1905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios D.","family":"Tsaousis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9170-5767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Farr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2018.04.006","article-title":"Comparison of current methods used to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in stools","volume":"221","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib2","series-title":"World agriculture towards 2030\/2050: the 2012 revision. ESA Working paper No. 12-03","author":"Alexandratos","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2012.07.002","article-title":"Diagnostics of dairy and beef cattle diarrhea","volume":"28","author":"Blanchard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-11-107","article-title":"Foodborne illness associated with Cryptosporidium and Giardia from livestock","volume":"74","author":"Budu-Amoako","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Protect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2009.0431.x","article-title":"Cryptosporidiosis in people: It\u2019s not just about the cows","volume":"24","author":"Chako","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2023.106843","article-title":"Cryptosporidium parvum and gp60 genotype prevalence in dairy calves worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"240","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182014001346","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium parvum isolates from human cryptosporidiosis cases in Scotland","volume":"142","author":"Deshpande","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11020256","article-title":"The age-related Cryptosporidium species distribution in asymptomatic cattle from north-western Spain","volume":"11","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.024","article-title":"Cryptosporidium ryanae n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in cattle (Bos taurus)","volume":"156","author":"Fayer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3435","article-title":"Cryptosporidium bovis n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in cattle (Bos taurus)","volume":"91","author":"Fayer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.10.012","article-title":"High prevalence of Cryptosporidium bovis and the deer-like genotype in calves compared to mature cows in beef cow-calf operations","volume":"151","author":"Feltus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2018.07.009","article-title":"Genetic diversity and population structure of Cryptosporidium","volume":"34","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.09.002","article-title":"Population genetic characterisation of dominant Cryptosporidium parvum subtype IIaA15G2R1","volume":"43","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007003460","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology with subtype analysis of Cryptosporidium in calves in Belgium","volume":"134","author":"Geurden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810142","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.810142","article-title":"Association of common zoonotic pathogens with concentrated animal feeding operations","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2021.12.002","article-title":"Emergence of zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum in China","volume":"38","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4103\/tp.TP_68_20","article-title":"Cryptosporidium and waterborne outbreaks - a mini review","volume":"11","author":"Gururajan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tropenmed. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(98)75578-X","article-title":"Strategies for the control of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in calves","volume":"81","author":"Harp","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib19","series-title":"Doing Meta-Analysis with R: A Hands-On Guide","author":"Harrer","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3704-4","article-title":"Cryptosporidium infections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Hatam-Nahavandi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199407213310304","article-title":"A massive outbreak in Milwaukee of Cryptosporidium infection transmitted through the public water supply","volume":"331","author":"Mac Kenzie","year":"1994","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab044","article-title":"Attainment and maintenance of pubertal cyclicity may predict reproductive longevity in beef heifers","volume":"104","author":"Nafziger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2020.107967","article-title":"Increased diversity and novel subtypes among clinical Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis isolates in Southern Ireland","volume":"218","author":"O'Leary","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(62)89539-3","article-title":"Performance of dairy calves weaned at 24 days of age and fed vegetable vs. animal source protein in the dry starter","volume":"45","author":"Pardue","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2010.00631.x","article-title":"Cryptosporidium andersoni in Western Australian feedlot cattle","volume":"88","author":"Ralston","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.4141\/A01-001","article-title":"Prevalence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium andersoni and their effects on performance in feedlot beef cattle","volume":"83","author":"Ralston","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib28","article-title":"Study of the economic impact of cryptosporidiosis in calves after implementing good practices to manage the disease on dairy farms in Belgium, France, and The Netherlands","volume":"4","author":"Roblin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Parasitol. Vector Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2017.09.004","article-title":"Foodborne cryptosporidiosis","volume":"48","author":"Ryan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11113307","article-title":"An update on zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in humans","volume":"11","author":"Ryan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2021.08.007","article-title":"Taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium and Giardia - a 50 year perspective (1971-2021)","volume":"51","author":"Ryan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.03.020","article-title":"Prevalence and age-related variation of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in dairy calves","volume":"122","author":"Sant\u00edn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-017-0447-0","article-title":"Bovine cryptosporidiosis: Impact, host-parasite interaction and control strategies","volume":"48","author":"Thomson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0134","article-title":"Livestock production: Recent trends, future prospects","volume":"365","author":"Thornton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05844-8","article-title":"Cryptosporidium mortiferum n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae), the species causing lethal cryptosporidiosis in Eurasian red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris)","volume":"16","author":"T\u016fmov\u00e1","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-5-5","article-title":"A sporozoan found in the peptic glands of the common mouse","volume":"5","author":"Tyzzer","year":"1907","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib37","series-title":"Death loss in U.S. cattle and calves due to predator and nonpredator causes, 2015","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8663","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b00452","article-title":"Global Cryptosporidium loads from livestock manure","volume":"51","author":"Vermeulen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01823","article-title":"Advances and perspectives on the epidemiology of bovine Cryptosporidium in China in the past 30 years","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib40","article-title":"Cryptosporidiosis in cattle","volume":"6","author":"Wells","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Moredun Foundation. News Sheet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2009.03.018","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: An update","volume":"124","author":"Xiao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3800-5","article-title":"Molecular characterization of three intestinal protozoans in hospitalized children with different disease backgrounds in Zhengzhou, central China","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2020.08.002","article-title":"Cryptosporidium - an update with an emphasis on foodborne and waterborne transmission","volume":"132","author":"Zahedi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."}],"container-title":["Current Research in Parasitology &amp; Vector-Borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667114X2500024X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667114X2500024X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T22:48:17Z","timestamp":1762642097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667114X2500024X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S2667114X2500024X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-114X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-114X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Global prevalence of Cryptosporidium infections in cattle: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crpvbd.2025.100264","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100264"}}