{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:48:27Z","timestamp":1791154107108,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MathDoc\/Centre Mersenne","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Members of the APOBEC family of cellular polynucleotide cytidine deaminases (e.g., APOBEC3G) are potent inhibitors of HIV infection. Wild type viral infections are largely spared from APOBEC function through the action of the viral Vif protein. In Vif's absence, inhibitory APOBEC proteins are encapsidated by budding virus particles leading to excessive cytidine (C) to uridine (U) hypermutation of negative sense reverse transcripts in newly infected cells. This registers as guanosine (G) to adenosine (A) mutations in plus stranded cDNA. Because the functions of Vif and APOBEC proteins oppose each other, it is likely that fluctuations in the Vif\/APOBEC balance can influence the natural history of HIV infection. Experimental support for this notion would further justify and stimulate drug discovery initiatives in this area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2006.01.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,18]],"date-time":"2006-08-18T07:13:37Z","timestamp":1155885217000},"page":"871-875","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Natural resistance to HIV infection: The Vif\u2013APOBEC interaction"],"prefix":"10.5802","volume":"329","author":[{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Malim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, School of Medicine, 2nd Floor, New Guy's House, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3842","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2026010917405828712_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00939","article-title":"Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein","volume":"418","author":"Sheehy, A.M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"[1] Sheehy, A.M.; Gaddis, N.C.; Choi, J.D.; Malim, M.H. 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Induction of APOBEC3G ubiquitination and degradation by an HIV-1 Vif-Cul5-SCF complex, Science, Volume 302 (2003), pp. 1056-1060","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key2026010917405828712_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1038\/nm945","article-title":"The antiretroviral enzyme APOBEC3G is degraded by the proteasome in response to HIV-1 Vif","volume":"9","author":"Sheehy, A.M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"[14] Sheehy, A.M.; Gaddis, N.C.; Malim, M.H. The antiretroviral enzyme APOBEC3G is degraded by the proteasome in response to HIV-1 Vif, Nat. Med., Volume 9 (2003), pp. 1404-1407","journal-title":"Nat. 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Phosphorylation of a novel SOCS-box regulates assembly of the HIV-1 Vif-Cul5 complex that promotes APOBEC3G degradation, Genes Dev., Volume 18 (2004), pp. 2861-2866","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"key2026010917405828712_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1250204","article-title":"Selective assembly of HIV-1 Vif-Cul5-ElonginB-ElonginC E3 ubiquitin ligase complex through a novel SOCS box and upstream cysteines","volume":"18","author":"Yu, Y.","year":"2004","unstructured":"[17] Yu, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Ehrlich, E.S.; Yu, X.; Yu, X.F. 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