{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T06:48:21Z","timestamp":1791096501225,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MathDoc\/Centre Mersenne","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to monitor in vivo with low field MRI growth of a murine orthotopic glioma model following a suicide gene therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The gene therapy consisted in the stereotactic injection in the mice brain of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector encoding for a suicide gene (FCU1) that transforms a non toxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) to its highly cytotoxic derivatives 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5\u2019-fluorouridine-5\u2019monophosphate (5\u2019-FUMP). Using a warmed-up imaging cell, sequential 3D T1 and T2 0.1T MRI brain examinations were performed on 16\u00a0Swiss female nu\/nu mice bearing orthotopic human glioblastoma (U87-MG cells). The 6-week in vivo MRI follow-up consisted in a weekly measurement of the intracerebral tumor volume leading to a total of 65\u00a0examinations. Mice were divided in four groups: sham group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2005=\u20054), sham group treated with 5-FC only (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2005=\u20054), sham group with injection of MVA-FCU1 vector only (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2005=\u20054), therapy group administered with MVA-FCU1 vector and 5-FC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2005=\u20054). Measurements of tumor volumes were obtained after manual segmentation of T1- and T2-weighted images.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Intra-observer and inter-observer tumor volume measurements show no significant differences. No differences were found between T1 and T2 volume tumor doubling times between the three sham groups. A significant statistical difference (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2005&lt;\u20050.05) in T1 and T2 volume tumor doubling times between the three sham groups and the animals treated with the intratumoral injection of MVA-FCU1 vector in combination with 2\u00a0weeks per os 5-FC administration was demonstrated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preclinical low field MRI was able to monitor efficacy of suicide gene therapy in delaying the tumor growth in an in vivo mouse model of orthotopic glioblastoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2009.12.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,26]],"date-time":"2010-01-26T05:11:53Z","timestamp":1264482713000},"page":"220-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["In vivo preclinical low field MRI monitoring of tumor growth following a suicide gene therapy in an orthotopic mice model of human glioblastoma"],"prefix":"10.5802","volume":"333","author":[{"given":"\u00c9lodie","family":"Breton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Goetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Kintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Accart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ga\u00eblle","family":"Aubertin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Grellier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Erbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Rooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Constantinesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Choquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3842","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2025102316330611997_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"Drug sensitivity (\u201csuicide\u201d) genes for selective cancer chemotherapy","volume":"1","author":"Moolten, F.","year":"1994","unstructured":"[1] Moolten, F. Drug sensitivity (\u201csuicide\u201d) genes for selective cancer chemotherapy, Cancer Gene Ther, Volume 1 (1994), pp. 279-287","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.5530130507","article-title":"Prodrugs in cancer chemotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Connors, T.","year":"1995","unstructured":"[2] Connors, T.; Knox, R. Prodrugs in cancer chemotherapy, Stem Cells, Volume 13 (1995), pp. 501-511","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_3","first-page":"702","article-title":"The choice of prodrugs for gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy of cancer","volume":"2","author":"Connors, T.","year":"1995","unstructured":"[3] Connors, T. The choice of prodrugs for gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy of cancer, Gene Ther, Volume 2 (1995), pp. 702-709","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_4","first-page":"3813","article-title":"In vivo cancer gene therapy by adenovirus-mediated transfer of a bifunctional yeast cytosine deaminase\/uracil phosphoribosyltransferase fusion gene","volume":"60","author":"Erbs, P.","year":"2000","unstructured":"[4] Erbs, P.; Regulier, E.; Kintz, J.; Leroy, P.; Poitevin, Y.; Exinger, F. et al. In vivo cancer gene therapy by adenovirus-mediated transfer of a bifunctional yeast cytosine deaminase\/uracil phosphoribosyltransferase fusion gene, Cancer Res, Volume 60 (2000), pp. 3813-3822","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cgt.7701098","article-title":"Modified vaccinia virus Ankara as a vector for suicide gene therapy","volume":"15","author":"Erbs, P.","year":"2008","unstructured":"[5] Erbs, P.; Findeli, A.; Kintz, J.; Cordier, P.; Hoffmann, C.; Geist, M. et al. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara as a vector for suicide gene therapy, Cancer Gene Ther, Volume 15 (2008), pp. 18-28","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_6","first-page":"52N","article-title":"Animal imaging equipment: recent advances","volume":"47","author":"Acton, P.","year":"2007","unstructured":"[6] Acton, P. Animal imaging equipment: recent advances, J. Nucl. Med, Volume 47 (2007), p. 52N-55N","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R45","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/50\/22\/R01","article-title":"Small animal SPECT and its place in the matrix of molecular imaging technologies","volume":"50","author":"Meikle, S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"[7] Meikle, S.; Kench, P.; Kassiou, M.; Banati, R. Small animal SPECT and its place in the matrix of molecular imaging technologies, Phys. Med. Biol, Volume 50 (2005), p. R45-R61","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_8","first-page":"366","article-title":"Low field magnetic resonance imaging in rat in vivo","volume":"29","author":"Breton, E.","year":"2008","unstructured":"[8] Breton, E.; Choquet, P.; Goetz, C.; Constantinesco, A. Low field magnetic resonance imaging in rat in vivo, ITBM RBM, Volume 29 (2008), pp. 366-374","journal-title":"ITBM RBM"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5287","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/54\/17\/014","article-title":"Dedicated low-field MRI in mice","volume":"54","author":"Choquet, P.","year":"2009","unstructured":"[9] Choquet, P.; Breton, E.; Goetz, C.; Marin, C.; Constantinesco, A. Dedicated low-field MRI in mice, Phys. Med. Biol, Volume 54 (2009), pp. 5287-5299","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_10","first-page":"258","article-title":"FLASH imaging: rapid NMR imaging using low flip-angle pulses","volume":"67","author":"Haase, A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"[10] Haase, A.; Frahm, J.; Matthaei, J.; H\u00e4nicke, W.; Merboldt, K.D. FLASH imaging: rapid NMR imaging using low flip-angle pulses, J. Magn. Reson, Volume 67 (1986), pp. 258-266","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(88)90478-X","article-title":"The application of steady-state free precession in rapid 2DFT NMR imaging: FAST and CE-FAST sequences","volume":"6","author":"Gyngell, M.L.","year":"1988","unstructured":"[11] Gyngell, M.L. The application of steady-state free precession in rapid 2DFT NMR imaging: FAST and CE-FAST sequences, Magn. Reson. Imaging, Volume 6 (1988), pp. 415-419","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196111\/12)14:6<1272::AID-CNCR2820140618>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"A biomathematical approach to clinical tumor growth","volume":"14","author":"Schwartz, M.","year":"1961","unstructured":"[12] Schwartz, M. A biomathematical approach to clinical tumor growth, Cancer, Volume 14 (1961), pp. 1272-1294","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000249264.80579.37","article-title":"In vivo imaging in a murine model of glioblastoma","volume":"60","author":"Jost, S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"[13] Jost, S.; Wanebo, J.; Song, S.; Chicoine, M.; Rich, K.; Woolsey, T. et al. In vivo imaging in a murine model of glioblastoma, Neurosurgery, Volume 60 (2007), pp. 360-370","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023339902812","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of patched heterozygous and xenografted mouse brain tumors","volume":"62","author":"Nelson, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"[14] Nelson, A.; Algon, S.; Munasinghe, J.; Graves, O.; Goumnerova, L.; Burstein, D. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of patched heterozygous and xenografted mouse brain tumors, J. Neurooncol, Volume 62 (2003), pp. 259-267","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NEON.0000033364.43142.bf","article-title":"Volume reconstruction techniques improve the correlation between histological and in vivo tumor volume measurements in mouse models of human gliomas","volume":"68","author":"Schmidt, K.","year":"2004","unstructured":"[15] Schmidt, K.; Ziu, M.; Schmidt, N.; Vaghasia, P.; Cargioli, T.; Doshi, S. et al. Volume reconstruction techniques improve the correlation between histological and in vivo tumor volume measurements in mouse models of human gliomas, J. Neurooncol, Volume 68 (2004), pp. 207-215","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1215\/S1152851704000961","article-title":"Pharmacological blockade of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces the growth of glioma cells in vivo","volume":"7","author":"Arcella, A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"[16] Arcella, A.; Carpinelli, G.; Battaglia, G.; D\u2019Onofrio, M.; Santoro, F.; Ngomba, R. et al. Pharmacological blockade of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces the growth of glioma cells in vivo, Neuro. Oncol, Volume 7 (2005), pp. 236-245","journal-title":"Neuro. Oncol"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.10.098","article-title":"Analysis of mouse brain using a clinical 1.5 T scanner and a standard small loop surface coil","volume":"1068","author":"Brockmann, M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"[17] Brockmann, M.; Ulmer, S.; Leppert, J.; Nadrowitz, R.; Wuestenberg, R.; Nolte, I. et al. Analysis of mouse brain using a clinical 1.5 T scanner and a standard small loop surface coil, Brain Res, Volume 1068 (2006), pp. 138-142","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307-006-0059-y","article-title":"In vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging of integrin \u2329v\u00ae3 in an orthotopic glioblastoma model","volume":"8","author":"Hsu, A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"[18] Hsu, A.; Hou, L.; Veeravagu, A.; Greve, J.; Vogel, H.; Tse, V. et al. In vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging of integrin \u2329v\u00ae3 in an orthotopic glioblastoma model, Mol. Imaging Biol, Volume 8 (2006), pp. 315-323","journal-title":"Mol. Imaging Biol"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5965","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-0371","article-title":"PEX-producing human neural stem cells inhibit tumor growth in a mouse glioma model","volume":"11","author":"Kim, S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"[19] Kim, S.; Cargioli, T.; Machluf, M.; Yang, W.; Sun, Y.; Al-Hashem, R. et al. PEX-producing human neural stem cells inhibit tumor growth in a mouse glioma model, Clin. Cancer Res, Volume 11 (2005), pp. 5965-5970","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-004-1037-0","article-title":"Inhibition of FGF receptor activity in glioma implanted into the mouse brain using the tetracycline-regulated expression system","volume":"7","author":"Miraux, S.","year":"2004","unstructured":"[20] Miraux, S.; Lemi\u00e8re, R.; Pineau, R.; Pluderi, M.; Canioni, P.; Francois, J. et al. Inhibition of FGF receptor activity in glioma implanted into the mouse brain using the tetracycline-regulated expression system, Angiogenesis, Volume 7 (2004), pp. 105-113","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1162\/153535003322556895","article-title":"Micro MRI at 11.7 T of a murine brain tumor model using delayed contrast enhancement","volume":"2","author":"Moats, R.","year":"2003","unstructured":"[21] Moats, R.; Velan-Mullan, S.; Jacobs, R.; Gonzalez-Gomez, I.; Dubowitz, D.; Taga, T. et al. Micro MRI at 11.7 T of a murine brain tumor model using delayed contrast enhancement, Mol. Imaging, Volume 2 (2003), pp. 150-158","journal-title":"Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006285800794","article-title":"Sequential imaging and volumetric analysis of an intracerebral C6 glioma by means of a clinical MRI scanner","volume":"43","author":"Raila, F.","year":"1999","unstructured":"[22] Raila, F.; Bowles, A.; Perkins, E.; Terrel, A. Sequential imaging and volumetric analysis of an intracerebral C6 glioma by means of a clinical MRI scanner, J. Neurooncol, Volume 43 (1999), pp. 11-17","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-004-0079-z","article-title":"Diffusion imaging for evaluation of tumor therapies in preclinical animal models","volume":"17","author":"Moffat, B.","year":"2004","unstructured":"[23] Moffat, B.; Hall, D.; Stojanovska, J.; McConville, P.; Moody, J.; Chenevert, T. et al. Diffusion imaging for evaluation of tumor therapies in preclinical animal models, MAGMA, Volume 17 (2004), pp. 249-259","journal-title":"MAGMA"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-3058","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging determination of tumor grade and early response to temozolomide in a genetically engineered mouse model of glioma","volume":"13","author":"McConville, P.","year":"2007","unstructured":"[24] McConville, P.; Hambardzumyan, D.; Moody, J.; Leopold, W.; Kreger, A.; Wooliscroft, M. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging determination of tumor grade and early response to temozolomide in a genetically engineered mouse model of glioma, Clin. Cancer Res, Volume 13 (2007), pp. 2094-2897","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1695690","article-title":"Spin diffusion measurements: spin echoes in the presence of a time dependent field gradient","volume":"42","author":"Stejskal, E.","year":"1965","unstructured":"[25] Stejskal, E.; Tanner, J. Spin diffusion measurements: spin echoes in the presence of a time dependent field gradient, J. Chem. Phys, Volume 42 (1965), pp. 288-292","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.04.033","article-title":"In vivo micro-CT imaging of rat brain glioma: a comparison with 3T MRI and histology","volume":"458","author":"Engelhorn, T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"[26] Engelhorn, T.; Eyupoglu, I.Y.; Schwarz, M.A.; Karolczak, M.; Bruenner, H.; Struffert, T. et al. In vivo micro-CT imaging of rat brain glioma: a comparison with 3T MRI and histology, Neurosci. Lett, Volume 458 (2009), pp. 28-31","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett"},{"key":"key2025102316330611997_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[27] V. Israel-Jost, E. Breton, E.\u00a0Angelini, P.\u00a0Choquet, I.\u00a0Bloch, A.\u00a0Constantinesco, Vectorial multiphase mouse brain tumor segmentation in T1-T2 MRI, 5th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: from nano to macro ISBI (2008) art. No.\u00a04540918.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2008.4540918"}],"container-title":["Comptes Rendus. Biologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr\/biologies\/item\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2009.12.012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T14:42:13Z","timestamp":1761230533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr\/biologies\/articles\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2009.12.012\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,25]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.crvi.2009.12.012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2009.12.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1631-0691","1768-3238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1631-0691","type":"print"},{"value":"1768-3238","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,25]]}}}