{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T20:34:07Z","timestamp":1768336447443,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MathDoc\/Centre Mersenne","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p id=\"spar0005\">\n                    This is the first TEM examination of vitellogenesis in the cestode\n                    <jats:italic>Aporhynchus menezesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a parasite of the velvet belly lanternshark\n                    <jats:italic>Etmopterus spinax<\/jats:italic>\n                    and a member of a little-studied trypanorhynch family, the Aporhynchidae. The synthetic activity of vitellocytes plays two important functions in the developmental biology of cestodes: (1) their shell-globules serve in eggshell formation; and (2) their accumulated reserves of glycogen and lipids represent a food source for the developing embryo. In\n                    <jats:italic>A.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>menezesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , vitelline follicles consist of cells at various stages of development, from peripheral, immature cells of the gonial type to mature cells towards the centre of the follicle. These stages are: (I) immature; (II) early differentiation; (III) advanced maturation; and (IV) mature. Gradual changes involved in this process occur within each stage. Vitellogenesis involves: (1) an increase in cell volume; (2) the development of a smooth endoplasmic reticulum and an accelerated formation and accumulation of both unsaturated and saturated lipid droplets, along with their continuous enlargement and fusion; (3) the formation of individual \u03b2-glycogen particles and their accumulation in the form of glycogen islands scattered among lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of maturing and mature vitellocytes; (4) the rapid accumulation of large, moderately saturated lipid droplets accompanied by dense accumulations of \u03b2-glycogen along with proteinaceous shell-globules or shell-globule clusters in the peripheral layer during the advanced stage of maturation; (5) the development of cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum that produce dense, proteinaceous shell-globules; (6) the development of Golgi complexes engaged in the packaging of this material; and (7) the progressive and continuous enlargement of shell-globules into very large clusters in the peripheral layer during the advanced stage of maturation. Vitellogenesis in\n                    <jats:italic>A.\u00a0menezesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , only to some extent, resembles that previously described for four other trypanorhynchs. It differs in: (i) the reversed order of secretory activities in the differentiating vitellocytes, namely the accumulation of large lipid droplets accompanied by glycogenesis or \u03b2-glycogen formation during early differentiation (stage II), i.e. before the secretory activity, which is predominantly protein synthesis for shell-globule formation (stage III); (ii) the very heavy accumulation of large lipid droplets during the final stage of cytodifferentiation (stage IV); and (iii) the small number of \u03b2-glycogen particles present in mature vitellocytes. Ultracytochemical staining with PA-TCH-SP for glycogen proved positive for a small number of \u03b2-glycogen particles in differentiating and mature vitellocytes. Hypotheses, concerning the interrelationships of patterns of vitellogenesis, possible modes of egg formation, embryonic development and life-cycles, are commented upon.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2012.07.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,25]],"date-time":"2012-08-25T04:15:18Z","timestamp":1345868118000},"page":"573-584","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Ultrastructure of vitellogenesis and vitellocytes in the trypanorhynch cestode Aporhynchus menezesi, a parasite of the velvet belly lanternshark Etmopterus spinax"],"prefix":"10.5802","volume":"335","author":[{"given":"Zdzis\u0142aw","family":"\u015awiderski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Miquel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adji Mama","family":"Marigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David I.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3842","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2025102316360945622_1","first-page":"51","author":"Campbell, R.A.","year":"1994","unstructured":"[1] Campbell, R.A.; Beveridge, I. 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