{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T20:24:47Z","timestamp":1768335887695,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MathDoc\/Centre Mersenne","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["em-consulte.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p id=\"spar0005\">Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) is widely distributed within the central and peripheral nervous system. In the brain, CART is considered as the main anorectic peptide involved in the regulation of food intake. Contrary to the central nervous system, a lot of aspects connected with the distribution and functions of CART within the enteric nervous system (ENS) still remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate, for the first time, the population of CART-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) neurons within the porcine esophagus and the denotation of their neurochemical coding. During this experiment, the distribution of CART-LI neurons and the colocalization of CART with other neuronal active substances were examined using standard double- and triple-immunofluorescence techniques in enteric plexuses of cervical, thoracic, and abdominal esophagus fragments. The obtained results showed that CART is present in a relatively high percentage of esophageal neurons (values fluctuated from 45.2\u2005\u00b1\u20050.9% in the submucous plexus of the thoracic esophagus to 58.1\u2005\u00b1\u20055.0% in the myenteric plexus of the same fragment of the esophagus). Moreover, CART colocalized with a wide range of other active neuronal substances, mainly with the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT, a marker of cholinergic neurons), neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, a marker of nitrergic neurons), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and galanin (GAL). The number of CART-positive neuronal cells and their neurochemical coding clearly depended on the fragment of esophagus studied and the type of enteric plexus. The obtained results suggest that CART may play important and multidirectional roles in the neuronal regulation of esophageal functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2018.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]],"date-time":"2018-07-05T11:50:24Z","timestamp":1530791424000},"page":"325-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide in the enteric nervous system of the porcine esophagus"],"prefix":"10.5802","volume":"341","author":[{"given":"Krystyna","family":"Makowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Rytel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Lech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Osowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Kruminis-Kaszkiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slawomir","family":"Gonkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3842","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2025102316413944532_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.042","article-title":"Vagal afferent neurons projecting to the stomach and small intestine exhibit multiple <span class=\"italique\">N<\/span>-methyl-<span class=\"smallcaps\">d<\/span>-aspartate receptor subunit phenotypes","volume":"1119","author":"Czaja, K.","year":"2006","unstructured":"[1] Czaja, K.; Ritter, R.C.; Burns, G.A. Vagal afferent neurons projecting to the stomach and small intestine exhibit multiple N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunit phenotypes, Brain. Res., Volume 1119 (2006), pp. 86-93","journal-title":"Brain. Res."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.64.281","article-title":"Locations and innervation of cell bodies of sympathetic neurons projecting to the gastrointestinal tract in the rat","volume":"64","author":"Quinson, N.","year":"2001","unstructured":"[2] Quinson, N.; Robbins, H.L.; Clark, M.J.; Furness, J.B. Locations and innervation of cell bodies of sympathetic neurons projecting to the gastrointestinal tract in the rat, Arch. Histol. Cytol., Volume 64 (2001), pp. 281-294","journal-title":"Arch. Histol. Cytol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3529","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22412","article-title":"Recovery of viscerosensory innervation from the dorsal root ganglia of the adult rat following capsaicin-induced injury","volume":"518","author":"Gallaher, Z.R.","year":"2010","unstructured":"[3] Gallaher, Z.R.; Larios, R.M.; Ryu, V.; Sprunger, L.K.; Czaja, K. Recovery of viscerosensory innervation from the dorsal root ganglia of the adult rat following capsaicin-induced injury, J. Comp. Neurol., Volume 518 (2010), pp. 3529-3540","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2014.tb00587.x","article-title":"Central nervous system control of gastrointestinal motility and secretion and modulation of gastrointestinal functions","volume":"4","author":"Browning, K.N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"[4] Browning, K.N.; Travagli, R.A. Central nervous system control of gastrointestinal motility and secretion and modulation of gastrointestinal functions, Compr. Physiol., Volume 4 (2014), pp. 1339-1368","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2535\/ofaj.90.7","article-title":"Collateral projections of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve to the stomach and the intestines in the rat","volume":"90","author":"Hayakawa, T.","year":"2013","unstructured":"[5] Hayakawa, T.; Kuwahara-Otani, S.; Maeda, S.; Tanaka, K.; Seki, M. Collateral projections of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve to the stomach and the intestines in the rat, Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn., Volume 90 (2013), pp. 7-15","journal-title":"Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11055-009-9104-z","article-title":"Involvement of the sacral parasympathetic nucleus in the innervation of the descending colon and rectum in cats","volume":"39","author":"Dorofeeva, A.A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"[6] Dorofeeva, A.A.; Panteleev, S.S.; Makarov, F.N. Involvement of the sacral parasympathetic nucleus in the innervation of the descending colon and rectum in cats, Neurosci. Behav. Physiol., Volume 39 (2009), pp. 207-210","journal-title":"Neurosci. Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-014-0504-2","article-title":"The sympathetic nervous response in inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Pongratz, G.","year":"2014","unstructured":"[7] Pongratz, G.; Straub, R.H. The sympathetic nervous response in inflammation, Arthritis Res. Ther., Volume 16 (2014), p. 504","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.02.029","article-title":"Acetylsalicylic acid-induced changes in the chemical coding of extrinsic sensory neurons supplying the prepyloric area of the porcine stomach","volume":"617","author":"Rytel, L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"[8] Rytel, L.; Calka, J. Acetylsalicylic acid-induced changes in the chemical coding of extrinsic sensory neurons supplying the prepyloric area of the porcine stomach, Neurosci. Lett., Volume 617 (2016), pp. 218-224","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1056","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00319.2016","article-title":"Spinal afferent nerve endings in visceral organs: recent advances","volume":"311","author":"Spencer, N.J.","year":"2016","unstructured":"[9] Spencer, N.J.; Zagorodnyuk, V.; Brookes, S.J.; Hibberd, T. Spinal afferent nerve endings in visceral organs: recent advances, Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver. Physiol., Volume 311 (2016), p. G1056-G1063","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver. Physiol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.01.012","article-title":"The enteric nervous system","volume":"366","author":"Sasselli, V.","year":"2012","unstructured":"[10] Sasselli, V.; Pachnis, V.; Burns, A.J. The enteric nervous system, Dev. Biol., Volume 366 (2012), pp. 64-73","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9030098","article-title":"The influence of low doses of zearalenone and T-2 toxin on calcitonin gene related peptide-like immunoreactive (CGRP-LI) neurons in the ENS of the porcine descending colon","volume":"9","author":"Makowska, K.","year":"2017","unstructured":"[11] Makowska, K.; Obremski, K.; Zielonka, L.; Gonkowski, S. The influence of low doses of zearalenone and T-2 toxin on calcitonin gene related peptide-like immunoreactive (CGRP-LI) neurons in the ENS of the porcine descending colon, Toxins, Volume 9 (2017) (pii: E98)","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-016-0854-0","article-title":"Zinc Transporter 3 (Znt3) as an active substance in the enteric nervous system of the porcine esophagus","volume":"61","author":"Wojtkiewicz, J.","year":"2017","unstructured":"[12] Wojtkiewicz, J.; Makowska, K.; Bejer-Olenska, E.; Gonkowski, S. Zinc Transporter 3 (Znt3) as an active substance in the enteric nervous system of the porcine esophagus, J. Mol. Neurosci., Volume 61 (2017), pp. 315-324","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-017-0014-1","article-title":"Co-localization of zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) with sensory neuromediators and\/or neuromodulators in the enteric nervous system of the porcine esophagus","volume":"30","author":"Wojtkiewicz, J.","year":"2017","unstructured":"[13] Wojtkiewicz, J.; Rytel, L.; Makowska, K.; Gonkowski, S. Co-localization of zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) with sensory neuromediators and\/or neuromodulators in the enteric nervous system of the porcine esophagus, Biometals, Volume 30 (2017), pp. 393-403","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-016-9675-8","article-title":"T2 toxin-induced changes in cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)-like immunoreactivity in the enteric nervous system within selected fragments of the porcine digestive tract","volume":"31","author":"Makowska, K.","year":"2017","unstructured":"[14] Makowska, K.; Gonkowski, S.; Zielonka, L.; Dabrowski, M.; Calka, J. T2 toxin-induced changes in cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)-like immunoreactivity in the enteric nervous system within selected fragments of the porcine digestive tract, Neurotox. Res., Volume 31 (2017), pp. 136-147","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1838(00)00127-2","article-title":"Types of neurons in the enteric nervous system","volume":"81","author":"Furness, J.B.","year":"2000","unstructured":"[15] Furness, J.B. Types of neurons in the enteric nervous system, J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., Volume 81 (2000), pp. 87-96","journal-title":"J. Auton. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_16","first-page":"113","article-title":"Functional morphology of the enteric nervous system with special reference to large mammals","volume":"30","author":"Timmermans, J.P.","year":"1992","unstructured":"[16] Timmermans, J.P.; Scheuermann, D.W.; Stach, W.; Adriaensen, D.; De Groodt-Lesseal, M.H. Functional morphology of the enteric nervous system with special reference to large mammals, Eur. J. Morphol., Volume 30 (1992), pp. 113-122","journal-title":"Eur. J. Morphol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2006.02.025","article-title":"Enteric neuroplasticity evoked by inflammation","volume":"126\u2013127","author":"Vasina, V.","year":"2006","unstructured":"[17] Vasina, V.; Barbara, G.; Talamonti, L.; Stanghellini, V.; Corinaldesi, R.; Tonini, M.; De Ponti, F.; De Giorgio, R. Enteric neuroplasticity evoked by inflammation, Auton. Neurosci., Volume 126\u2013127 (2006), pp. 264-272","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1097","article-title":"Substance P as a neuronal factor in the enteric nervous system of the porcine descending colon in physiological conditions and during selected pathogenic processes","volume":"39","author":"Gonkowski, S.","year":"2013","unstructured":"[18] Gonkowski, S. Substance P as a neuronal factor in the enteric nervous system of the porcine descending colon in physiological conditions and during selected pathogenic processes, Biofactors, Volume 39 (2013), pp. 542-551","journal-title":"Biofactors"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0897-4_3","article-title":"The enteric nervous system and gastrointestinal innervation: integrated local and central control","volume":"817","author":"Furness, J.B.","year":"2014","unstructured":"[19] Furness, J.B.; Callaghan, B.P.; Rivera, L.R.; Cho, H.J. The enteric nervous system and gastrointestinal innervation: integrated local and central control, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., Volume 817 (2014), pp. 39-71","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2854","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.8.7588","article-title":"Cocaine- amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) acts in the central nervous system to inhibit gastric acid secretion via brain corticotrophin-releasing factor system","volume":"141","author":"Okumura, T.","year":"2000","unstructured":"[20] Okumura, T.; Yamada, H.; Motomura, W.; Kohgo, Y. Cocaine- amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) acts in the central nervous system to inhibit gastric acid secretion via brain corticotrophin-releasing factor system, Endocrinology, Volume 141 (2000), pp. 2854-2860","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1515\/aoas-2016-0014","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide in mammals gastrointestinal system\u00a0\u2014\u00a0A review","volume":"17","author":"Makowska, K.","year":"2017","unstructured":"[21] Makowska, K.; Gonkowski, S. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide in mammals gastrointestinal system\u00a0\u2014\u00a0A review, Ann. Anim. Sci., Volume 17 (2017), pp. 3-21","journal-title":"Ann. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199809)30:1<1::AID-SYN1>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide immunoreactivity in myenteric plexus neurons of the rat ileum and co-localization with choline acetyltransferase","volume":"30","author":"Couceyro, P.","year":"1998","unstructured":"[22] Couceyro, P.; Paquet, M.; Koylu, E.; Kuhar, M.J.; Smith, Y. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide immunoreactivity in myenteric plexus neurons of the rat ileum and co-localization with choline acetyltransferase, Synapse, Volume 30 (1998), pp. 1-8","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_23","first-page":"419","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript: identification and distribution in human gastrointestinal tract","volume":"26","author":"Kasacka, I.","year":"2012","unstructured":"[23] Kasacka, I.; Piotrowska, Z.; Car, H.; Janiuk, I.; Lebkowski, W. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript: identification and distribution in human gastrointestinal tract, J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents, Volume 26 (2012), pp. 419-428","journal-title":"J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2004.00561.x","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript stimulates colonic motility via central CRF receptor activation and peripheral cholinergic pathways in fed conscious rats","volume":"16","author":"Tebbe, J.J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"[24] Tebbe, J.J.; Ortmann, E.; Schumacher, K.; Monnikes, H.; Kobelt, P.; Arnold, R.; Schaffer, M.K.H. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript stimulates colonic motility via central CRF receptor activation and peripheral cholinergic pathways in fed conscious rats, Neurogastroenterol. Motil., Volume 16 (2004), pp. 489-496","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_25","first-page":"851","article-title":"Immunohistochemical distribution of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve fibers and various degree of co-localization with other neuronal factors in the circular muscle layer of human descending colon","volume":"28","author":"Gonkowski, S.","year":"2013","unstructured":"[25] Gonkowski, S.; Kaminska, B.; Landowski, P.; Calka, J. Immunohistochemical distribution of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve fibers and various degree of co-localization with other neuronal factors in the circular muscle layer of human descending colon, Histol. Histopathol., Volume 28 (2013), pp. 851-858","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.2013.0055","article-title":"Co-localisation of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the myenteric plexus of the porcine transverse colon","volume":"72","author":"Palus, K.","year":"2013","unstructured":"[26] Palus, K.; Rytel, L. Co-localisation of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the myenteric plexus of the porcine transverse colon, Folia Morphol. (Warsz.), Volume 72 (2013), pp. 328-332","journal-title":"Folia Morphol. (Warsz.)"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-015-0537-2","article-title":"The Influence of Low Doses of Zearalenone on Distribution of Selected Active Substances in Nerve Fibers Within the Circular Muscle Layer of Porcine Ileum","volume":"56","author":"Gonkowski, S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"[27] Gonkowski, S.; Obremski, K.; Calka, J. The Influence of Low Doses of Zearalenone on Distribution of Selected Active Substances in Nerve Fibers Within the Circular Muscle Layer of Porcine Ileum, J. Mol. Neurosci., Volume 56 (2015), pp. 878-886","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201000320","article-title":"Recent advances in the use of <span class=\"italique\">Sus scrofa<\/span> (pig) as a model system for proteomic studies","volume":"11","author":"Verma, N.","year":"2011","unstructured":"[28] Verma, N.; Rettenmeier, A.W.; Schmitz\u2013Spanke, S. Recent advances in the use of Sus scrofa (pig) as a model system for proteomic studies, Proteomics, Volume 11 (2011), pp. 776-793","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.a2017.0036","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) in the nerve fibers of the porcine gallbladder wall under physiological conditions and after <span class=\"italique\">Salmonellaenteritidis<\/span> lipopolysaccharides administration","volume":"76","author":"Mikolajczyk, A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"[29] Mikolajczyk, A.; Makowska, K. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) in the nerve fibers of the porcine gallbladder wall under physiological conditions and after Salmonellaenteritidis lipopolysaccharides administration, Folia Morphol. (Warsz.), Volume 76 (2017), pp. 596-602","journal-title":"Folia Morphol. (Warsz.)"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2446","DOI":"10.4081\/ejh.2015.2446","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of CART-containing cells in urinary bladder of rats with renovascular hypertension","volume":"59","author":"Janiuk, I.","year":"2015","unstructured":"[30] Janiuk, I.; Kasacka, I. Quantitative evaluation of CART-containing cells in urinary bladder of rats with renovascular hypertension, Eur. J. Histochem., Volume 59 (2015), p. 2446","journal-title":"Eur. J. Histochem."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2013.09.006","article-title":"Co-expression patterns of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) with neuropeptides in dorsal root ganglia of the pig","volume":"116","author":"Zacharko-Siembida, A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"[31] Zacharko-Siembida, A.; Kulik, P.; Szalak, R.; Lalak, R.; Arciszewski, M.B. Co-expression patterns of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) with neuropeptides in dorsal root ganglia of the pig, Acta. Histochem., Volume 116 (2014), pp. 390-398","journal-title":"Acta. Histochem."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12047","article-title":"Immunoreactivity to cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the enteric nervous system of the pig and wild boar stomach","volume":"43","author":"Zacharko-Siembida, A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"[32] Zacharko-Siembida, A.; Arciszewski, M.B. Immunoreactivity to cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the enteric nervous system of the pig and wild boar stomach, Anat. Histol. Embryol., Volume 43 (2014), pp. 48-55","journal-title":"Anat. Histol. Embryol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-015-0618-2","article-title":"Expression of cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) in the porcine intramural neurons of stomach in the course of experimentally induced diabetes mellitus","volume":"57","author":"Bulc, M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"[33] Bulc, M.; Gonkowski, S.; Calka, J. Expression of cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) in the porcine intramural neurons of stomach in the course of experimentally induced diabetes mellitus, J. Mol. Neurosci., Volume 57 (2015), pp. 376-385","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1556\/avet.2012.032","article-title":"Characterization of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) enteric neurons in the porcine small intestine","volume":"60","author":"Wojtkiewicz, J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"[34] Wojtkiewicz, J.; Gonkowski, S.; Bladowski, M.; Majewski, M. Characterization of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) enteric neurons in the porcine small intestine, Acta. Vet. Hung., Volume 60 (2012), pp. 371-381","journal-title":"Acta. Vet. Hung."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1556\/avet.57.2009.4.5","article-title":"Distribution of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures in the porcine large intestine","volume":"57","author":"Gonkowski, S.","year":"2009","unstructured":"[35] Gonkowski, S.; Burli\u0144ski, P.; Skobowiat, C.; Majewski, M.; Arciszewski, M.B.; Radziszewski, P.; Calka, J. Distribution of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures in the porcine large intestine, Acta. Vet. Hung., Volume 57 (2009), pp. 509-520","journal-title":"Acta. Vet. Hung."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1486-5","article-title":"Chemical coding of zinc-enriched neurons in the intramural ganglia of the porcine jejunum","volume":"350","author":"Wojtkiewicz, J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"[36] Wojtkiewicz, J.; Rowniak, M.; Crayton, R.; Majewski, M.; Gonkowski, S. Chemical coding of zinc-enriched neurons in the intramural ganglia of the porcine jejunum, Cell Tissue Res., Volume 350 (2012), pp. 215-223","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-012-9855-9","article-title":"Neurochemical characterization of zinc transporter 3-like immunoreactive (ZnT3+) neurons in the intramural ganglia of the porcine duodenum","volume":"48","author":"Wojtkiewicz, J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"[37] Wojtkiewicz, J.; Gonkowski, S.; Rowniak, M.; Crayton, R.; Majewski, M.; Jalynski, M. Neurochemical characterization of zinc transporter 3-like immunoreactive (ZnT3+) neurons in the intramural ganglia of the porcine duodenum, J. Mol. Neurosci., Volume 48 (2012), pp. 766-776","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-8-51","article-title":"Characterisation of CART- containing neurons and cells in the porcine pancreas, gastro-intestinal tract, adrenal and thyroid glands","volume":"8","author":"Wierup, N.","year":"2007","unstructured":"[38] Wierup, N.; Gunnarsd\u00f3ttir, A.; Ekblad, E.; Sundler, F. Characterisation of CART- containing neurons and cells in the porcine pancreas, gastro-intestinal tract, adrenal and thyroid glands, BMC Neurosci., Volume 8 (2007), p. 51","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2008.00893.x","article-title":"Immunodetection of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum of the sheep","volume":"38","author":"Arciszewski, M.B.","year":"2009","unstructured":"[39] Arciszewski, M.B.; Barabasz, S.; Skobowiat, C.; Maksymowicz, W.; Majewski, M. Immunodetection of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum of the sheep, Anat. Histol. Embryol., Volume 38 (2009), pp. 62-67","journal-title":"Anat. Histol. Embryol."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2014.04.009","article-title":"Immunohistochemical distribution of cocaine and amphetamine regulatory peptide-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve fibers in the circular muscle layer and their relationship to other peptides in the human caecum","volume":"116","author":"Bulc, M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"[40] Bulc, M.; Gonkowski, S.; Landowski, P.; Kaminska, B.; Calka, J. Immunohistochemical distribution of cocaine and amphetamine regulatory peptide-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve fibers in the circular muscle layer and their relationship to other peptides in the human caecum, Acta. Histochem., Volume 116 (2014), pp. 1029-1036","journal-title":"Acta. Histochem."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90381-T","article-title":"Galanin inhibition of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release and circular muscle motility in the isolated perfused canine ileum","volume":"101","author":"Fox-Threlkeld, J.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"[41] Fox-Threlkeld, J.A.; Mcdonald, T.J.; Cipris, S.; Woskowska, Z.; Daniel, E.E. Galanin inhibition of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release and circular muscle motility in the isolated perfused canine ileum, Gastroenterology, Volume 101 (1991), pp. 1471-1476","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(92)90325-J","article-title":"Comparative effects of galanin on isolated smooth muscle cells from ileum in five mammalian species","volume":"50","author":"Botella, A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"[42] Botella, A.; Delvaux, M.; Frexinos, J.; Bueno, L. Comparative effects of galanin on isolated smooth muscle cells from ileum in five mammalian species, Life Sci., Volume 50 (1992), pp. 1253-1261","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"key2025102316413944532_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1009","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00255.2003","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of galanin on evoked [Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>]<sub>i<\/sub> responses in cultured myenteric neurons","volume":"286","author":"Sarnelli, G.","year":"2004","unstructured":"[43] Sarnelli, G.; Vanden Berghe, P.; Raeymaekers, P.; Janssens, J.; Tack, J. Inhibitory effects of galanin on evoked [Ca2+]i responses in cultured myenteric neurons, Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol., Volume 286 (2004), p. G1009-G1014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."}],"container-title":["Comptes Rendus. Biologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr\/biologies\/item\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2018.06.006.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T14:57:47Z","timestamp":1761231467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr\/biologies\/articles\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2018.06.006\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.crvi.2018.06.006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2018.06.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1631-0691","1768-3238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1631-0691","type":"print"},{"value":"1768-3238","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide in the enteric nervous system of the porcine esophagus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2018.06.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Acad\u00e9mie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}