{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:55:43Z","timestamp":1790834143011,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cryobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,17]],"date-time":"2012-11-17T15:16:40Z","timestamp":1353165400000},"page":"52-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effect of pre-freeze semen quality, extender and cryoprotectant on the post-thaw quality of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) semen"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Imrat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Suthanmapinanth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Saikhun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Mahasawangkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Sostaric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Sombutputorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Jansittiwate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Thongtip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Pinyopummin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Colenbrander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.V.","family":"Holt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.A.E.","family":"Stout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2010.04.024","article-title":"Cryopreservation of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) semen in Bioxcell\u00ae extender","volume":"74","author":"Akhter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2005.07.001","article-title":"Amides as cryoprotectants for freezing stallion semen: a review","volume":"89","author":"Alvarenga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2001.tb03446.x","article-title":"Osmotic tolerance of equine spermatozoa and the effects of soluble cryoprotectants on equine sperm motility, viability and mitochondrial membrane potential","volume":"22","author":"Ball","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0020","first-page":"518","article-title":"A study on the technique of hemocytometric determination of sperm motility and sperm concentration in bull semen","volume":"42","author":"Bane","year":"1952","journal-title":"Cornell Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s10561-008-9081-4","article-title":"Cryopreservation of domestic animal sperm cells","volume":"10","author":"Barbas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Bank"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg199","article-title":"Evaluation of the one-step eosin-nigrosin staining technique for human sperm vitality assessment","volume":"18","author":"Bj\u00f6rndahl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.09.019","article-title":"Predictors of success of semen cryopreservation in chickens","volume":"69","author":"Blesbois","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59233-4","article-title":"Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa. II. Postthaw chronology of motility and of zona-free hamster ova penetration","volume":"47","author":"Critser","year":"1987","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(97)00305-1","article-title":"Cryopreservation of rabbit spermatozoa using acetamide in combination with trehalose and methylcellulose","volume":"49","author":"Dalimata","year":"1997","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.106.002246","article-title":"Simultaneous observation of DNA fragmentation and protein loss in the boar spermatozoon following application of the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test","volume":"28","author":"de la Torre","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.04.005","article-title":"Assessment of goat semen freezability according to the spermatozoa characteristics from fresh and frozen samples","volume":"112","author":"Dorado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.182","article-title":"The effect of cryopreservation on goat semen characteristics related to sperm freezability","volume":"121","author":"Dorado","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0065","series-title":"Salamon\u2019s Artificial Insemination of Sheep and Goats","author":"Evans","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(90)90025-Y","article-title":"Cryoprotectant toxicity and cryoprotectant toxicity reduction: in search of molecular mechanisms","volume":"27","author":"Fahy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2008.10.006","article-title":"Cryopreservation of stallion spermatozoa with INRA96 and glycerol","volume":"28","author":"Fayrer-Hosken","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Equine. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2007.09.010","article-title":"Effect of egg yolk, cryoprotectant, and various sugars on semen cryopreservation in endangered Cuvier\u2019s gazelle (Gazella cuvieri)","volume":"108","author":"Garde","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2003.07.001","article-title":"Liquid storage of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) sperm at 4\u00b0C","volume":"80","author":"Graham","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(99)00239-3","article-title":"Fundamental aspects of sperm cryobiology: the importance of species and individual differences","volume":"53","author":"Holt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2011.10.007","article-title":"The dynamics of sperm DNA stability in Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa before and after cryopreservation","volume":"77","author":"Imrat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Imrat, S. Mahasawangkul, J. Gos\u00e1lvez, P. Suthunmapinanth, P. Sombutputorn, S. Jansittiwate, N. Thongtip, A. Pinyopummin, B. Colenbrander, W.V. Holt, T.A.E. Stout, Effect of cooled storage on quality and DNA integrity of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa. Reprod Fertil Dev (in press) http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1071\/RD11309.","DOI":"10.1071\/RD11309"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.028811","article-title":"Cryoprotectant-free cryopreservation of human spermatozoa by vitrification and freezing in vapor: effect on motility, DNA integrity, and fertilization ability","volume":"71","author":"Isachenko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V. Jararaman, D. Upadhya, P.K. Narayan, S.K. Adiga, Sperm processing by swim-up and density gradient is effective in elimination of sperm with DNA damage, J Assist Reprod (2012) Genet published 13 March 2012, http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-012-9742-x.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-012-9742-x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.110.011460","article-title":"Liquid semen storage in elephants (Elephas maximus and Loxodonta africana): species differences and storage optimization","volume":"32","author":"Kiso","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2007.11.010","article-title":"Commercial semen freezing: individual male variation in cryosurvival and the response of stallion sperm to customized freezing protocols","volume":"105","author":"Loomis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2009.04.021","article-title":"Dimethylformamide is no better than glycerol for cryopreservation of canine semen","volume":"72","author":"Lopes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.08.029","article-title":"Dynamics of sperm DNA fragmentation in domestic animals II. The stallion","volume":"68","author":"Lopez-Fernandez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2008.04.055","article-title":"Dynamics of sperm DNA fragmentation in domestic animals III. Ram","volume":"70","author":"Lopez-Fernandez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0140","series-title":"The Biochemistry of Semen and of the Male Reproductive Tract","author":"Mann","year":"1964"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)01231-1","article-title":"Membrane changes during different stages of freeze-thaw protocol for equine semen cryopreservation","volume":"59","author":"Neild","year":"2003","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2011.10.016","article-title":"Evaluation of the qualitative and quantitative effectiveness of three media of centrifugation (Maxifreeze, Cushion Fluid Equine, and PureSperm 100) in preparation of fresh or frozen-thawed brown bear spermatozoa","volume":"77","author":"Nicolas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0155","first-page":"109","article-title":"Semen quality after thawing: correlation with fertility and fresh semen quality in dogs","volume":"51","author":"N\u00f6thling","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1051\/dst:2008002","article-title":"Freezing stallion semen in INRA96\u00ae-based extender improves fertility rates in comparison with INRA82","volume":"88","author":"Pillet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Daily Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2005.02.015","article-title":"A review on goat sperm cryopreservation","volume":"63","author":"Purdy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1976.421145x","article-title":"Influence of freeze rate, thaw rate and glycerol level on acrosomal retention and survival of bovine spermatozoa frozen in French straws","volume":"42","author":"Robbins","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2011.01033.x","article-title":"Seminal plasma proteins: what role do they play?","volume":"66","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2005.00578.x","article-title":"Ultrastructural alterations of frozen-thawed Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa","volume":"29","author":"Sa-Ardrit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(00)00155-X","article-title":"Storage of ram semen","volume":"62","author":"Salamon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.11.010","article-title":"Successful cryopreservation of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa","volume":"115","author":"Saragusty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0195","first-page":"73","article-title":"Effects of age, body weight, body condition and scrotal circumference on sperm abnormalities of bulls used for artificial insemination (AI) programme in Bangladesh","volume":"2008","author":"Sarder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Univ. J. Zool. Rajshahi Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(98)00120-1","article-title":"Manual collection and characterization of semen from Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)","volume":"53","author":"Schmitt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0205","unstructured":"D.L. Schmitt, T.B. Hildebrant, R. Hermes, F. Goritz, Assisted reproductive technology in elephants, in: Proc 1st Int Symp Assisted Reproductive Technology for Conservation Genetic Management of Wildlife, Omaha\u2019s Henry Doorly Zoo, 2001, pp. 15\u201317."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2010.01.011","article-title":"Semen cryopreservation in the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)","volume":"73","author":"Stoops","year":"2010","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2010.06.026","article-title":"Hypo-osmotic swelling test identifies individual spermatozoa with minimal DNA fragmentation","volume":"21","author":"Stanger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2003.11.021","article-title":"Evaluation of post-thaw Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) spermatozoa using flow cytometry: the effects of extender and cryoprotectant","volume":"62","author":"Thongtip","year":"2004","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-7-75","article-title":"Successful artificial insemination in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) using chilled and frozen-thawed semen","volume":"7","author":"Thongtip","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.1998.tb01357.x","article-title":"Evaluation of stallion semen before and after freezing","volume":"33","author":"Vidament","year":"1998","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9950871","article-title":"Recent developments and concepts in the cryopreservation of spermatozoa and the assessment of their post-thawing function","volume":"7","author":"Watson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."}],"container-title":["Cryobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0011224012002623?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0011224012002623?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,21]],"date-time":"2018-10-21T04:57:17Z","timestamp":1540097837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0011224012002623"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0011224012002623"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.11.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-2240"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-2240","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}}}