{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:31:03Z","timestamp":1767652263501},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,16]],"date-time":"2008-03-16T11:41:54Z","timestamp":1205667714000},"page":"247-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Ankle Sprains and Instability in Dancers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Padhraig F.","family":"O'Loughlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher W.","family":"Hodgkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2006.06.006","article-title":"Foot and ankle injuries in dance","volume":"17","author":"Kadel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-198704050-00004","article-title":"Management and rehabilitation of ligamentous injuries to the ankle","volume":"4","author":"Balduini","year":"1987","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2006.07.008","article-title":"Management of acute ligament injuries of the ankle","volume":"11","author":"Karlsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173020-00021","article-title":"Treatment for acute tears of the lateral ligaments of the ankle. Operation, cast, or early controlled mobilization","volume":"73","author":"Kannus","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib5","first-page":"560","article-title":"Sprained ankles. 3. Clinical observations in recent ligament ruptures","volume":"130","author":"Brostrom","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib6","first-page":"248","article-title":"Sprained ankles. IV. Histologic changes in recent and \u201cchronic\u201d ligament ruptures","volume":"132","author":"Brostrom","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib7","first-page":"537","article-title":"Sprained ankles. V. Treatment and prognosis in recent ligament ruptures","volume":"132","author":"Brostrom","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib8","first-page":"551","article-title":"Sprained ankles. VI. Surgical treatment of \u201cchronic\u201d ligament ruptures","volume":"132","author":"Brostrom","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199927010-00005","article-title":"Treatment of acute lateral ankle ligament rupture in the athlete. Conservative versus surgical treatment","volume":"27","author":"Lynch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670100195","article-title":"The injury panorama in a Swedish professional ballet company","volume":"9","author":"Nilsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400609","article-title":"Ankle flexibility and injury patterns in dancers","volume":"24","author":"Wiesler","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100417","article-title":"Ballet injuries. An analysis of epidemiology and financial outcome","volume":"21","author":"Garrick","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0838.2002.01262.x","article-title":"Musculoskeletal injuries in the Norwegian National Ballet: a prospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Byhring","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310030701","article-title":"Injuries in a modern dance company: effect of comprehensive management on injury incidence and time loss","volume":"31","author":"Bronner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657800600207","article-title":"Musculoskeletal injuries in theatrical dancers: site frequency, and severity","volume":"6","author":"Washington","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658301100402","article-title":"Musculoskeletal injuries in theatrical dance students","volume":"11","author":"Rovere","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.55.9.585","article-title":"Survey of injuries among West End performers","volume":"55","author":"Evans","year":"1998","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.1.77","article-title":"A survey of injuries among Broadway performers","volume":"86","author":"Evans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am\u00a0J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70208-8","article-title":"Foot and ankle injuries in dance","volume":"19","author":"Macintyre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2002.32.11.579","article-title":"Ballet dancer's turnout and its relationship to self-reported injury","volume":"32","author":"Coplan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2005.35.5.307","article-title":"Associations between turnout and lower extremity injuries in classical ballet dancers","volume":"35","author":"Negus","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502600510","article-title":"Stability of Lisfranc joints in ballet pointe position","volume":"26","author":"Kadel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-972635","article-title":"The prognosis of ankle sprains","volume":"18","author":"de Bie","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B1.8037","article-title":"The management of sprained ankle","volume":"80","author":"Klenerman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X78B6.1283","article-title":"Physical examination is sufficient for the diagnosis of sprained ankles","volume":"78","author":"van Dijk","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679608997757","article-title":"Diagnosis of ligament rupture of the ankle joint. Physical examination, arthrography, stress radiography and sonography compared in 160 patients after inversion trauma","volume":"67","author":"van Dijk","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(94)70160-1","article-title":"Evaluation of the Ottawa clinical decision rules for the use of radiography in acute ankle and midfoot injuries in the emergency department: an independent site assessment","volume":"24","author":"Pigman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.269.9.1127","article-title":"Decision rules for the use of radiography in acute ankle injuries. Refinement and prospective validation","volume":"269","author":"Stiell","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510350037034","article-title":"Implementation of the Ottawa ankle rules","volume":"271","author":"Stiell","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659202000213","article-title":"Cuboid subluxation in ballet dancers","volume":"20","author":"Marshall","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e31803c2fa2","article-title":"Clinical importance of the lateral branch of the deep peroneal nerve","volume":"459","author":"Kennedy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079301400101","article-title":"The modified Brostrom procedure for lateral ankle instability","volume":"14","author":"Hamilton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Foot Ankle"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000380.pub2","article-title":"Surgical versus conservative treatment for acute injuries of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle in adults","author":"Kerkhoffs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400320","article-title":"Proprioception in classical ballet dancers. A prospective study of the influence of an ankle sprain on proprioception in the ankle joint","volume":"24","author":"Leanderson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jsm.0000181437.41268.56","article-title":"Influence of professional dance training on peak torque and proprioception at the ankle","volume":"15","author":"Schmitt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004124.pub2","article-title":"Interventions for treating chronic ankle instability","author":"de Vries","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.35.2.103","article-title":"Ankle injuries in basketball: injury rate and risk factors","volume":"35","author":"McKay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.28.2.112","article-title":"An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain","volume":"28","author":"Yeung","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.47B4.669","article-title":"Instability of the foot after injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle","volume":"47","author":"Freeman","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib40","first-page":"364","article-title":"Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability","volume":"37","author":"Hertel","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1025836","article-title":"Stabilometry recordings in functional and mechanical instability of the ankle joint","volume":"6","author":"Tropp","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0343","article-title":"Contributing factors to chronic ankle instability","volume":"28","author":"Hubbard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290010901","article-title":"Effect of ankle disk training combined with tactile stimulation to the leg and foot on functional instability of the ankle","volume":"29","author":"Matsusaka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(98)90091-0","article-title":"Ankle orthoses effect on single-limb standing balance in athletes with functional ankle instability","volume":"79","author":"Baier","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60375-5","article-title":"Joint position sense in the recurrently sprained ankle","volume":"44","author":"Boyle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aust J Physiother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400402","article-title":"Outcomes of the Chrisman-Snook and modified-Brostrom procedures for chronic lateral ankle instability. A prospective, randomized comparison","volume":"24","author":"Hennrikus","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2004.016527","article-title":"Changes in joint position sense after surgically treated chronic lateral ankle instability","volume":"39","author":"Halasi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199008000-00033","article-title":"Static or dynamic repair of chronic lateral ankle instability. A prospective randomized study","volume":"257","author":"Larsen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079902001004","article-title":"Clinical and functional outcome after anatomic and nonanatomic ankle ligament reconstruction: Evans tenodesis versus periosteal flap","volume":"20","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"1999","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib50","article-title":"Surgical versus conservative treatment for acute injuries of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle in adults","author":"Kerkhoffs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00104.x","article-title":"Early functional treatment for acute ligament injuries of the ankle joint","volume":"6","author":"Karlsson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-193408000-00012","article-title":"Recurrent subluxation of the ankle-joint","volume":"100","author":"Elmslie","year":"1934","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197153050-00007","article-title":"Watson-Jones repair of lateral instability of the ankle","volume":"53","author":"Gillespie","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3109\/17453675308991205","article-title":"Tenodesis employing the method of Watson-Jones for the treatment of recurrent subluxation of the ankle","volume":"23","author":"Brattstrom","year":"1953","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib55","first-page":"343","article-title":"Recurrent instability of the ankle; a method of surgical treatment","volume":"46","author":"Evans","year":"1953","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196951050-00007","article-title":"Reconstruction of lateral ligament tears of the ankle. An experimental study and clinical evaluation of seven patients treated by a new modification of the Elmslie procedure","volume":"51","author":"Chrisman","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1080\/17453678809169701","article-title":"Tendon transfer for lateral ankle and subtalar joint instability","volume":"59","author":"Larsen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B2.12143","article-title":"Anatomical reconstruction and Evans tenodesis of the lateral ligaments of the ankle. Clinical and radiological findings after follow-up for 15 to 30 years","volume":"84","author":"Krips","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050210","article-title":"Anatomical reconstruction versus tenodesis for the treatment of chronic anterolateral instability of the ankle joint: a 2- to 10-year follow-up, multicenter study","volume":"8","author":"Krips","year":"2000","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079801901103","article-title":"Acute inversion injury of the ankle: magnetic resonance imaging and clinical outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Tochigi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278591907001123?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278591907001123?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T02:34:43Z","timestamp":1684290883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278591907001123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0278591907001123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csm.2007.12.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-5919"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-5919","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}}}