{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T12:53:06Z","timestamp":1782564786430,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004320","name":"Philips","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006775","name":"GE Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92020C00021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92020C00021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41 EB027060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41 EB027060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EB002524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EB002524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL167974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL167974"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N92020C00008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N92020C00008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR077604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR077604"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR079431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR079431"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","sportsmed.theclinics.com","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T04:59:05Z","timestamp":1728017945000},"page":"467-498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cartilage Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Eddy D.","family":"Zandee van Rilland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell C.","family":"Fritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshay S.","family":"Chaudhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Boutin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012401","article-title":"Comparison of 1.5- and 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating lesions of the knee: a systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA-compliant article)","volume":"97","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.43B4.752","article-title":"The etiology of chondromalacia patellae","volume":"43-B","author":"Outerbridge","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3390\/life13020363","article-title":"Imaging of cartilage and chondral defects: an overview","volume":"13","author":"Nischal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.11.015","article-title":"Knee chondral lesions: incidence and correlation between arthroscopic and magnetic resonance findings","volume":"23","author":"Figueroa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthrosc J Arthrosc Relat Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s43055-024-01245-8","article-title":"The value of adding T2 mapping sequence to the routine MRI protocol in the evaluation of cartilage lesions of the ankle joint","volume":"55","author":"Mostafa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12121413","article-title":"Evaluation of the articular cartilage of the knee joint: value of adding a T2 mapping sequence to a routine MR imaging protocol","volume":"267","author":"Kijowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571S","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603519865308","article-title":"The MOCART (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue) 2.0 knee score and atlas","volume":"13","author":"Schreiner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-024-01696-7","article-title":"The MOCART (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue) 2.0 Ankle Score","volume":"15","author":"Schreiner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Insights into Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2021.11.003","article-title":"Magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) 2.0 for the evaluation of retropatellar autologous chondrocyte transplantation and correlation to clinical outcome","volume":"34","author":"Goller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/19476035221109227","article-title":"Time-dependent change in cartilage repair tissue evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging up to 2 years after atelocollagen-assisted autologous cartilage transplantation: data from the CaTCh study","volume":"13","author":"Shinohara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-021-00603-w","article-title":"Reliability of the MOCART score: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Migliorini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195941060-00002","article-title":"Transchondral fractures (osteochondritis dissecans) of the talus","volume":"41-A","author":"Berndt","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079902001206","article-title":"Osteochondral lesions of the talus: a revised classification","volume":"20","author":"Hepple","year":"1999","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2021.101610","article-title":"Imaging update on cartilage","volume":"22","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3286-9","article-title":"Association between quantitative MRI and ICRS arthroscopic grading of articular cartilage","volume":"24","author":"Casula","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514566600","article-title":"Novel radiographic feature classification of knee osteochondritis dissecans: a multicenter reliability study","volume":"43","author":"Wall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e422","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000001814","article-title":"Novel magnetic resonance imaging classification of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee: a reliability study","volume":"41","author":"Hussain","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1177\/1758573218821151","article-title":"Interobserver reliability of the classification of capitellar osteochondritis dissecans using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"12","author":"Bexkens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Shoulder Elbow"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-019-3166-y","article-title":"Central osteophytes develop in cartilage with abnormal structure and composition: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort","volume":"48","author":"Kretzschmar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200300002-00008","article-title":"Evaluation of cartilage injuries and repair","volume":"85-A","author":"Brittberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib21","first-page":"100149","article-title":"Imaging of cartilage damage","volume":"4","author":"Strickland","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCJP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib22","first-page":"100196","article-title":"Diagnosis of knee cartilage injuries \u2013 an international Delphi consensus statement","author":"Aman","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCJP"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.20.01399","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans: current understanding of epidemiology, etiology, management, and outcomes","volume":"103","author":"Chau","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000696","article-title":"The surgical management of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee in the skeletally immature: a survey of the pediatric orthopaedic society of North America (POSNA) membership","volume":"37","author":"Yellin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.4103\/tcmj.tcmj_106_20","article-title":"Current treatment concepts for osteochondral lesions of the talus","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tzu Chi Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-023-04420-6","article-title":"SSR white paper: guidelines for utilization and performance of direct MR arthrography","volume":"53","author":"Chang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W401","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.9861","article-title":"Hip anatomic variants that may mimic pathologic entities on MRI: nonlabral variants","volume":"201","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111397","article-title":"Supraacetabular fossa (pseudodefect of acetabular cartilage): frequency at MR arthrography and comparison of findings at MR arthrography and arthroscopy","volume":"263","author":"Dietrich","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514531551","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging findings in the symptomatic hips of younger retired national Football League players","volume":"42","author":"Domb","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.11.027","article-title":"Hip arthroscopy: prevalence of intra-articular pathologic findings after traumatic injury of the hip","volume":"30","author":"Khanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib31","first-page":"23","article-title":"Management of chondral and osteochondral lesions of the hip","volume":"53","author":"Itha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Orthopadie (Heidelb)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2013.11.001","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans of the shoulder and hip","volume":"33","author":"Edmonds","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-014-0466-4","article-title":"Structural changes of hip osteoarthritis using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"16","author":"Teichtahl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.12.013","article-title":"Prevalence of early hip OA features on MRI in high-impact athletes. The femoroacetabular impingement and hip osteoarthritis cohort (FORCe) study","volume":"29","author":"Heerey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.51.10.1111","article-title":"Radiographic patterns and associations of osteoarthritis of the hip","volume":"51","author":"Ledingham","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-024-04563-0","article-title":"Comparison of MRI and arthroscopy findings for transitional zone cartilage damage in the acetabulum of the hip joint","volume":"53","author":"Markhardt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5623-8","article-title":"Validation of scoring hip osteoarthritis with MRI (SHOMRI) scores using hip arthroscopy as a standard of reference","volume":"29","author":"Neumann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-024-04628-0","article-title":"Defining hip osteoarthritis feature prevalence, severity, and change using the Scoring of Hip Osteoarthritis with MRI (SHOMRI)","volume":"53","author":"Heerey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.07.022","article-title":"Variation in the thickness of knee cartilage. The use of a novel machine learning algorithm for cartilage segmentation of magnetic resonance images","volume":"34","author":"Shah","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib40","first-page":"100147","article-title":"Normal variants, imaging artifacts, and other diagnostic pitfalls in articular cartilage imaging of the extremities","volume":"4","author":"Schilling","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCJP"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2018180048","article-title":"Layered approach to the anterior knee: normal anatomy and disorders associated with anterior knee pain","volume":"38","author":"Flores","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07043-x","article-title":"MRI as the optimal imaging modality for assessment and management of osteochondral fractures and loose bodies following traumatic patellar dislocation: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Qiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2007.02.001","article-title":"Articular cartilage defects: study of 25,124 knee arthroscopies","volume":"14","author":"Widuchowski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3226","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06627-5","article-title":"Morphological MRI of knee cartilage: repeatability and reproducibility of damage evaluation and correlation with gross pathology examination","volume":"30","author":"Marinetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239S","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603520934525","article-title":"Meniscal root tears and extrusion are significantly associated with the development of accelerated knee osteoarthritis: data from the osteoarthritis initiative","volume":"13","author":"Foreman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-024-04565-y","article-title":"Thigh muscle and fat volumes are associated with knee cartilage abnormalities and bone marrow edema-like lesions: data from the osteoarthritis initiative","volume":"53","author":"Manatrakul","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.14012","article-title":"The notch of harty (pseudodefect of the tibial plafond): frequency and characteristic findings at MRI of the ankle","volume":"205","author":"Boutin","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514529643","article-title":"Ligamentous injuries and the risk of associated tissue damage in acute ankle sprains in athletes: a cross-sectional MRI study","volume":"42","author":"Roemer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06187-y","article-title":"High incidence of (osteo)chondral lesions in ankle fractures","volume":"29","author":"Martijn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465221084365","article-title":"One in three patients with chronic lateral ankle instability has a cartilage lesion","volume":"51","author":"Wijnhoud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.17.17873","article-title":"Ankle traction during MRI of talar dome osteochondral lesions","volume":"209","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23462","article-title":"Post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle: a distinct clinical entity requiring new research approaches","volume":"35","author":"Delco","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2023.08.009","article-title":"Ankle cartilage: chondral and osteochondral lesions: a further dive into the incidence, terminology, and the cartilage cascade","volume":"29","author":"Dahmen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.12848","article-title":"Pitfalls in shoulder MRI: Part 1\u2014normal anatomy and anatomic variants","volume":"203","author":"Motamedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib55","series-title":"Orthopaedic sports medicine: an encyclopedic review of diagnosis, prevention, and management","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cartilage injuries and arthritis","author":"Boehm","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejro.2021.100329","article-title":"Quantitative T2 mapping of the glenohumeral joint cartilage in asymptomatic shoulders and shoulders with increasing severity of rotator cuff pathology","volume":"8","author":"Lockard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.172.1.9888763","article-title":"The glenolabral articular disruption lesion: MR arthrography with arthroscopic correlation","volume":"172","author":"Sanders","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jseint.2021.03.004","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans of the glenoid: an analysis of grades, treatment, and outcomes","volume":"5","author":"Pardiwala","year":"2021","journal-title":"JSES Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4558","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-31644-2","article-title":"Application of quantitative T1, T2 and T2\u2217 mapping magnetic resonance imaging in cartilage degeneration of the shoulder joint","volume":"13","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.05.023","article-title":"Glenohumeral articular cartilage lesions: prospective comparison of non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging and findings at arthroscopy","volume":"29","author":"Spencer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthrosc J Arthrosc Relat Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.01.048","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast MRI for detection of glenohumeral cartilage lesions: a prospective comparison to arthroscopy","volume":"23","author":"VanBeek","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-5403(99)90232-2","article-title":"Morphologic study of the glenoid in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis","volume":"14","author":"Walch","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2022.04.007","article-title":"Treatment options for complex shoulder osteoarthritis with posterior humeral head subluxation and glenoid bone loss (Walch B): a systematic review","volume":"2","author":"Scarcella","year":"2022","journal-title":"JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.02.012","article-title":"The bare area of the proximal ulna: an anatomic study with relevance to chevron osteotomy","volume":"42","author":"Ao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-019-09528-8","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the capitellum in overhead athletes: a review of current evidence and proposed treatment algorithm","volume":"12","author":"Logli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120946269","article-title":"Distribution of osteochondral lesions in patients with simple elbow dislocations based on MRI analysis","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2021.01.024","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral capitellum: preoperative assessment of lesion size and lateral wall integrity","volume":"46","author":"Broughton","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-020-03455-3","article-title":"Effect of elbow MRI with axial traction on articular cartilage visibility-a feasibility study","volume":"49","author":"Kohyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1097\/RMR.0000000000000254","article-title":"Multimodality pitfalls of wrist imaging with a focus on magnetic resonance imaging: what the radiologist needs to know","volume":"29","author":"Hansford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Top Magn Reson Imag"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib70","first-page":"e52025","article-title":"The effect of axial traction MRI on the articular cartilage visibility in thumb carpometacarpal arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Ikumi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934231193281","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of the distribution of cartilage damage in scaphoid nonunion","volume":"49","author":"Jung","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-022-04157-8","article-title":"Pre-operative imaging for surgical decision-making and the frequency of wrist arthrodesis and carpectomy procedures: a scoping review","volume":"52","author":"Baylosis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1764302","article-title":"Advanced arthritis of the carpus: preoperative planning practices of 337 hand surgeons","volume":"12","author":"Bayne","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Wrist Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-020-03383-2","article-title":"Prevalence and distribution of MRI abnormalities in the articular cartilage and supporting ligaments in patients with early clinical stage first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis","volume":"49","author":"Bae","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2023.11.023","article-title":"Relationships between diagnostic imaging of first carpometacarpal osteoarthritis and pain, functional status, and disease progression: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Mazza","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2017.12.003","article-title":"Wrist - a WRist image segmentation toolkit for carpal bone delineation from MRI","volume":"63","author":"Foster","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput Med Imaging Graph"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.02.394","article-title":"Mri \u2013 histopathology registration for osteoarthritis biomarker evaluation","volume":"25","author":"Foster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28689","article-title":"Updates on compositional MRI mapping of the cartilage: emerging techniques and applications","volume":"58","author":"Zibetti","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ostima.2024.100183","article-title":"Compositional MR imaging of cartilage and joint mechanics","volume":"4","author":"Link","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-022-00799-1","article-title":"T2 mapping for knee cartilage degeneration in young patients with mild symptoms","volume":"22","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med Imag"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4514","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5826-z","article-title":"The value of MR T2\u2217 measurements in normal and osteoarthritic knee cartilage: effects of age, sex, and location","volume":"29","author":"Tsai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.205.2.9356644","article-title":"Glycosaminoglycan in articular cartilage: in vivo assessment with delayed Gd(DTPA)(2-)-enhanced MR imaging","volume":"205","author":"Bashir","year":"1997","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4522-4","article-title":"Planar dGEMRIC maps may aid imaging assessment of cartilage damage in femoroacetabular impingement","volume":"474","author":"Bulat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-023-04310-x","article-title":"MRI-based T1rho and T2 cartilage compositional imaging in osteoarthritis: what have we learned and what is needed to apply it clinically and in a trial setting?","volume":"52","author":"Link","year":"2023","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-020-00893-x","article-title":"Can sodium MRI be used as a method for mapping of cartilage stiffness?","volume":"34","author":"Brinkhof","year":"2021","journal-title":"Magma"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.11.018","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the reliability and discriminative validity of cartilage compositional MRI in knee osteoarthritis","volume":"26","author":"MacKay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-024-04634-2","article-title":"Modern acceleration in musculoskeletal MRI: applications, implications, and challenges","volume":"53","author":"Vosshenrich","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.20.22902","article-title":"Rapid musculoskeletal MRI in 2021: clinical application of advanced accelerated techniques","volume":"216","author":"Fritz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021203655","article-title":"Five-minute five-sequence knee MRI using combined simultaneous multislice and parallel imaging acceleration: comparison with 10-minute parallel imaging knee MRI","volume":"299","author":"Del Grande","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/ryai.230181","article-title":"Impact of deep learning image reconstruction methods on MRI throughput","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiol Artif Intell"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.21.27238","article-title":"The global reading room: knee MRI protocols","volume":"219","author":"Boutin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28365","article-title":"Generalizability of deep learning segmentation algorithms for automated assessment of cartilage morphology and MRI relaxometry","volume":"57","author":"Schmidt","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ostima.2023.100161","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in knee osteoarthritis: a comprehensive review for 2022","volume":"3","author":"Cigdem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1337993","article-title":"Automated measurement and grading of knee cartilage thickness: a deep learning-based approach","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10020207","article-title":"Improving data-efficiency and robustness of medical imaging segmentation using inpainting-based self-supervised learning","volume":"10","author":"Dominic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel)"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278591924001315?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278591924001315?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T10:10:11Z","timestamp":1750068611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278591924001315"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0278591924001315"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-5919"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-5919","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cartilage Imaging","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Sports Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csm.2024.08.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}