{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T13:28:05Z","timestamp":1770730085858,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005851","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1403\/60188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1403\/60188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005851","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Treatment and Research Communications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T07:53:06Z","timestamp":1765612386000},"page":"101073","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The impact of metformin use on survival outcomes in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rahmanian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iman Elahi","family":"Vahed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Shirali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nima","family":"Barazandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehraban","family":"Amirhosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Bamdad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Mesri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amirmohammad","family":"Jabbarpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farbod","family":"Khosravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niloufar","family":"Shabani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soudeh","family":"Ghafouri-Fard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-327736","article-title":"Global burden of colorectal cancer in 2020 and 2040: incidence and mortality estimates from GLOBOCAN","volume":"72","author":"Morgan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0002","first-page":"153","article-title":"Colorectal carcinoma: pathologic aspects","volume":"3","author":"Fleming","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045","volume":"183","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes. Res. Clin. Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.107843","article-title":"Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas","volume":"157","author":"Saeedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes. Res. Clin. Pr."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6026","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i19.6026","article-title":"Association of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Guraya","year":"2015","journal-title":"World. J. Gastroenterol.:. WJG"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-018-0314-4","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and risk of colorectal cancer in two large US prospective cohorts","volume":"119","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.301","article-title":"Is diabetes mellitus an independent risk factor for colon cancer and rectal cancer?","volume":"106","author":"Yuhara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Off. J. Am. Coll. Gastroenterol.|. ACG"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.43333","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer risk","volume":"6","author":"Lawler","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA. Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0009","first-page":"69","article-title":"Risk established between type II diabetes mellitus and cancer: a review","volume":"63","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sci. Res. Banaras. Hindu. Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.975644","article-title":"Pro-tumorigenic role of type 2 diabetes-induced cellular senescence in colorectal cancer","volume":"12","author":"Melia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2021.0077","article-title":"Obesity, diabetes, and increased cancer progression","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes. Metab. J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb45040182","article-title":"Do elevated YKL-40 levels drive the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer? Assessment of the association of the expression of YKL-40, MMP-8, IL17A, and PD-L1 with coexisting type 2 diabetes, obesity, and active smoking","volume":"45","author":"Ochman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Issues. Mol. Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176068","article-title":"The relationship between diabetes and colorectal cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis based on the cohort studies","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0014","series-title":"A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics","author":"Ritter","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2019.06.009","article-title":"For colorectal cancer patients with type II diabetes, could metformin improve the survival rate? A meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Hepatol. Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2017.05.006","article-title":"Metformin has positive therapeutic effects in colon cancer and lung cancer","volume":"354","author":"Henderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000092","article-title":"Metformin is associated with reduced odds for colorectal cancer among persons with diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Demb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00191","article-title":"Metformin and its benefits for various diseases","volume":"11","author":"Lv","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00622","article-title":"Metformin and colorectal cancer","volume":"9","author":"Higurashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06390-4","article-title":"Metformin, microbiome and protection against colorectal cancer","volume":"66","author":"Jones","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-016-3037-3","article-title":"Combinational strategies of metformin and chemotherapy in cancers","volume":"78","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer. Chemother. Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3192","article-title":"Metformin improves healthspan and lifespan in mice","volume":"4","author":"Martin-Montalvo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01039","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of metformin for diabetes and cancer treatment","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2676","article-title":"The LKB1\u2013AMPK pathway: metabolism and growth control in tumour suppression","volume":"9","author":"Shackelford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01608-z","article-title":"Multifaceted role of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway in human health and disease","volume":"8","author":"Panwar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0000000000000547","article-title":"Positive effect of metformin treatment in colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes: national cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Dulskas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer. Prev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32989","article-title":"Postdiagnostic metformin use and survival of patients with colorectal cancer: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"147","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2016.128","article-title":"Association between metformin use and survival in nonmetastatic rectal cancer treated with a curative resection: a nationwide population study","volume":"49","author":"Ki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer. Res. Treat.:. Off. J. Korean. Cancer. Assoc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26421","article-title":"The effects of metformin on the survival of colorectal cancer patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"131","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-0347","article-title":"A cohort study of metformin exposure and survival in patients with stage I\u2013III colorectal cancer","volume":"22","author":"Spillane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer. Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.2553","article-title":"Effect of Metformin plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors compared with tyrosine kinase inhibitors alone in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated lung adenocarcinoma: a phase 2 randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Arrieta","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA. Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29720","article-title":"Metformin use and survival after colorectal cancer: a population-based cohort study","volume":"138","author":"Mc Menamin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2013.04.015","article-title":"Diabetes, metformin use, and colorectal cancer survival in postmenopausal women","volume":"37","author":"Cossor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer. Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0034","article-title":"Impact of diabetes status and medication on presentation, treatment, and outcome of stage II colon cancer patients","volume":"2015","author":"Bae","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cancer. Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31305","article-title":"Association between metformin use after surgery for colorectal cancer and oncological outcomes: a nationwide register-based study","volume":"143","author":"Fransgaard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0312","article-title":"Metformin, diabetes, and survival among US veterans with colorectal cancer","volume":"25","author":"Paulus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer. Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2016-0153","article-title":"Relationship between metformin use and recurrence and survival in patients with resected stage III colon cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: results from North Central Cancer Treatment Group N0147 (Alliance)","volume":"21","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.07.015","article-title":"Identifying the PECO: a framework for formulating good questions to explore the association of environmental and other exposures with health outcomes","volume":"121","author":"Morgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Env. Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-22-00224","article-title":"Assessing the risk of bias of quantitative analytical studies: introducing the vision for critical appraisal within JBI systematic reviews","volume":"21","author":"Munn","year":"2023","journal-title":"JBI. Evid. Synth."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-8-16","article-title":"Practical methods for incorporating summary time-to-event data into meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Tierney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2022.02.005","article-title":"Impact of diabetes and metformin use on recurrence and outcome in stage II\u2013III colon cancer patients\u2014a pooled analysis of three adjuvant trials","volume":"166","author":"Christou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.71","article-title":"Survival advantage observed with the use of metformin in patients with type II diabetes and colorectal cancer","volume":"106","author":"Garrett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.54","article-title":"Metformin use and improved response to therapy in rectal cancer","volume":"2","author":"Skinner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer. Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348231198106","article-title":"Metformin does not affect outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy and resection","volume":"90","author":"Sonal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2217\/crc-2017-0001","article-title":"Survival benefits in colorectal adenocarcinoma with the use of metformin among a black diabetic inner city population","volume":"6","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Colorectal. Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e116","DOI":"10.3747\/co.23.2809","article-title":"A retrospective study on the role of diabetes and metformin in colorectal cancer disease survival","volume":"23","author":"Ramjeesingh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-16677-3","article-title":"The effect of metformin on the survival of colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"12","author":"Tarhini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0049","article-title":"Type II diabetes and metformin use does not affect colorectal cancer prognosis","author":"Shahrivar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2013.12.003","article-title":"Metformin exposure and disseminated disease in patients with colorectal cancer","volume":"38","author":"Spillane","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer. Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748221134090","article-title":"The association of metformin, other antidiabetic medications, and statins with the prognosis of colon cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Erkinantti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-5028-8","article-title":"G\u00f6genur I. Metformin increases overall survival in patients with diabetes undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer","volume":"23","author":"Fransgaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann., Surg., Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.259","article-title":"Van De Poll-Franse L. Are metformin, statin and aspirin use still associated with overall mortality among colorectal cancer patients with diabetes if adjusted for one another?","volume":"113","author":"Zanders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2018-0442","article-title":"Impact of metformin use and diabetic status during adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin chemotherapy on the outcome of patients with resected colon cancer: a TOSCA study subanalysis","volume":"24","author":"Vernieri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2019.101587","article-title":"Metformin increases cancer specific survival in colorectal cancer patients\u2014National cohort study","volume":"62","author":"Dulskas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer. Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2023.2272815","article-title":"The use of metformin and postoperative insulin pump were predictive factors for outcomes of diabetic colorectal cancer patients after surgery","volume":"75","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605231168033","article-title":"The impact of metformin on survival in diabetes patients with operable colorectal cancer: a nationwide retrospective cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Chu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/s44276-023-00022-w","article-title":"Metformin may improve the outcome of patients with colorectal cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus partly through effects on neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"1","author":"Saito","year":"2023","journal-title":"BJC. Rep."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5196","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i28.5196","article-title":"Sex-dependent difference in the effect of metformin on colorectal cancer-specific mortality of diabetic colorectal cancer patients","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"World. J. Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12040584","article-title":"Incidence and survival outcomes of colorectal cancer in long-term metformin users with diabetes: a population-based cohort study using a common data model","volume":"12","author":"Seo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pers. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0061","article-title":"Impact of metabolic syndrome diagnosis and its treatment on survival of colorectal cancer patients","volume":"2019","author":"Mafiana","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cancer. Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.71336\/jabs.1090","article-title":"Benefits of metformin use by breast and colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabbetes millitus: a case-control study in Jijel Province (ALGERIA)","volume":"17","author":"Abbes","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0063","first-page":"1","article-title":"Validation of the survival benefits of metformin in middle eastern patients with type II diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer","volume":"4","author":"Al Omari","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Glob. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-20","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes increases and metformin reduces total, colorectal, liver and pancreatic cancer incidences in Taiwanese: a representative population prospective cohort study of 800,000 individuals","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC. Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2019.10.011","article-title":"Metformin treatment for diabetes mellitus correlates with progression and survival in colorectal carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Powell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.36877\/pmmb.a0000390","article-title":"Survival analysis of diabetic colorectal cancer patients on Metformin","volume":"6","author":"Wong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog. Microbes. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkx007","article-title":"The effect of Metformin on mortality among diabetic cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"JNCI. Cancer. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3295","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S200059","article-title":"The beneficial effects of metformin on cancer prevention and therapy: a comprehensive review of recent advances","volume":"11","author":"Saraei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer. Manag. Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0071","article-title":"Effects of metformin on CD133+ colorectal cancer cells in diabetic patients","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw410","article-title":"Metformin as an adjuvant treatment for cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Coyle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.230021","article-title":"Elevated basal AMP-activated protein kinase activity sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to growth inhibition by metformin","volume":"13","author":"Morrison","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open. Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04649-4","article-title":"Metformin suppresses the growth of colorectal cancer by targeting INHBA to inhibit TGF-\u03b2\/PI3K\/AKT signaling transduction","volume":"13","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Death. Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35266","article-title":"Type II diabetes and metformin use does not affect colorectal cancer prognosis","volume":"156","author":"Shahrivar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13012","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1918845117","article-title":"Metformin selectively inhibits metastatic colorectal cancer with the KRAS mutation by intracellular accumulation through silencing MATE1","volume":"117","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"}],"container-title":["Cancer Treatment and Research Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468294225002096?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468294225002096?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T16:53:55Z","timestamp":1770656035000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2468294225002096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":74,"alternative-id":["S2468294225002096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-2942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-2942","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The impact of metformin use on survival outcomes in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cancer Treatment and Research Communications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctarc.2025.101073","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101073"}}