{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T12:11:50Z","timestamp":1780920710118,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":96,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Treatment and Research Communications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T07:47:13Z","timestamp":1775634433000},"page":"101208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The role of dietary components in upper gastrointestinal cancers: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Ziba","family":"Asheri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmadreza","family":"Kolahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Amirpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Gholizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0001","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"73","author":"Sung","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0002","first-page":"360","article-title":"Global burden of gastric cancer in 2022 and projections to 2050","volume":"24","author":"Morgan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0003","first-page":"2156","article-title":"Dietary factors and upper gastrointestinal cancers: a review","volume":"73","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0008","first-page":"456","article-title":"Regional dietary patterns and upper GI cancer risk","volume":"51","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0004","first-page":"5870","article-title":"Probiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0006","first-page":"1865","article-title":"Probiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0005","first-page":"1138","article-title":"Dietary carotenoids, serum beta-carotene, and retinol and risk of esophageal cancer","volume":"11","author":"Holick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0007","first-page":"2110","article-title":"Arginine and cancer: a review of mechanisms and clinical implications","volume":"151","author":"Phillips","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-46401-5_1","article-title":"Curcumin: the Indian solid gold","volume":"595","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0009","first-page":"2678","article-title":"Phytochemicals in gastric cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"13","author":"Georgakouli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0013","first-page":"1205","article-title":"Probiotics modulate apoptosis pathways in gastric cancer cells","volume":"10","author":"Russo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3202","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17033202","article-title":"Cancer chemoprevention by carotenoids","volume":"17","author":"Tanaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0016","first-page":"1138","article-title":"Intake of carotenoids and esophageal cancer","volume":"11","author":"Holick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"issue":"6B","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0017","first-page":"3679","article-title":"Lutein induces apoptosis in cancer cells","volume":"16","author":"Chew","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0018","first-page":"145","article-title":"Glutamine deprivation inhibits proliferation in AGS gastric cancer cells through suppression of mTOR signaling","volume":"402","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0019","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Cysteine and redox homeostasis in cancer","volume":"49","author":"Circu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0020","first-page":"1935","article-title":"l-carnitine and gastric cancer risk: a prospective study","volume":"69","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0021","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori inhibition by phytochemicals","volume":"25","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Helicobacter."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0022","article-title":"Gut microbiota modulation by phytochemicals in gastric cancer prevention","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut. Microbes."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199404143301501","article-title":"Cancer prevention study group. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers","volume":"330","author":"Alpha-Tocopherol","year":"1994","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.21.1550","article-title":"Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease","volume":"88","author":"Omenn","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0025","first-page":"182","article-title":"Randomized trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent acute adverse effects of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients","volume":"116","author":"Bairati","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0026","first-page":"789","article-title":"Probiotics and H. pylori eradication: mechanisms and clinical evidence","volume":"111","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0027","article-title":"Probiotics and gut microbiota modulation in cancer prevention","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut. Microbes."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0028","first-page":"1678","article-title":"Challenges in standardizing probiotic protocols for cancer therapy","volume":"74","author":"Patel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0029","article-title":"Carotenoids and esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0030","first-page":"567","article-title":"Lycopene and gastric cancer: lack of efficacy in clinical studies","volume":"78","author":"Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0033","first-page":"1567","article-title":"Arginine and nitric oxide in gastric cancer survival","volume":"39","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0034","first-page":"1678","article-title":"ADI-PEG20 in arginine-auxotrophic gastric cancers: preclinical evidence","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0036","first-page":"123","article-title":"Glutaminase inhibitors in upper gastrointestinal cancers: therapeutic potential","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0037","article-title":"l-carnitine and gastric cancer risk in men: a cohort study","volume":"70","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0032","first-page":"2678","article-title":"Homocysteine and gastric cancer risk in Asian populations","volume":"80","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0040","first-page":"3678","article-title":"Ethical concerns in glutamine supplementation for cancer patients","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0041","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Synergistic effects of phytochemicals and chemotherapy in gastric cancer: trial designs","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0044","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Phytochemicals and chemotherapy sensitivity in upper gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0045","first-page":"1234","article-title":"Targeting cancer stem cells with phytochemicals: clinical perspectives","volume":"41","author":"Thompson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0042","first-page":"89","article-title":"Phytochemicals and cancer cell proliferation: mechanisms involving HIF-1\u03b1 and VEGF","volume":"531","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0046","first-page":"789","article-title":"Probiotics and H. pylori eradication: mechanisms and clinical evidence","volume":"111","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199404143301501","article-title":"Cancer prevention study group. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers","volume":"330","author":"Alpha-Tocopherol","year":"1994","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.21.1550","article-title":"Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease","volume":"88","author":"Omenn","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0050","first-page":"567","article-title":"Lycopene and gastric cancer: lack of efficacy in clinical studies","volume":"78","author":"Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0051","article-title":"Cysteine metabolism and redox balance in cancer cells","volume":"82","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0052","first-page":"3123","article-title":"Arginine supplementation in gastric cancer: therapeutic potential","volume":"29","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0053","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Arginine depletion therapies in cancer: focus on ADI-PEG20","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0056","first-page":"654","article-title":"Meta-analysis of homocysteine and gastrointestinal cancer risk","volume":"111","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0054","first-page":"123","article-title":"Arginine-targeted therapies in gastric cancer: future directions","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0057","first-page":"2987","article-title":"Plasma arginine levels in gastric cancer: clinical evidence","volume":"81","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0058","first-page":"1678","article-title":"Arginine and tumor markers in gastric cancer","volume":"19","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0059","first-page":"3456","article-title":"ASS1 as a prognostic marker in gastric cancer","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0060","first-page":"89","article-title":"l-arginine metabolism in gastric cancer: diagnostic potential","volume":"473","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0061","first-page":"1234","article-title":"Diagnostic panels for gastric cancer using arginine metabolites","volume":"39","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0071","first-page":"123","article-title":"Combination therapies with glutaminase inhibitors in cancer","volume":"46","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0063","first-page":"123","article-title":"Arginine metabolism and gastric cancer subtypes","volume":"45","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0064","first-page":"456","article-title":"Glutamine metabolism in upper gastrointestinal cancers: epidemiological insights","volume":"78","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0068","first-page":"543","article-title":"Glutamine synthase inhibitors in cancer prevention: preclinical evidence","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Prev. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.47526","article-title":"Glutamine addiction in cancer: mechanisms and implications","volume":"492","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0074","first-page":"912","article-title":"Glutamine metabolism in upper gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"78","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0075","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Glutamine transporters and enzymes as therapeutic targets","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0076","first-page":"987","article-title":"Glutamine in upper gastrointestinal cancers: dual roles and therapeutic potential","volume":"79","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0079","first-page":"3125","article-title":"Glutamine supplementation in cancer therapy: a double-edged sword","volume":"29","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0080","first-page":"2123","article-title":"Gender differences in carnitine metabolism and cancer risk","volume":"39","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0082","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Logistic regression analysis of carnitine in gastric cancer","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0083","first-page":"987","article-title":"Dietary influences on carnitine metabolism in cancer","volume":"73","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0077","article-title":"l-carnitine and gastric cancer risk: a case-control study","volume":"67","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0078","first-page":"1123","article-title":"l-carnitine as a predictor of gastric cancer risk","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0081","first-page":"89","article-title":"Metabolic biomarkers and gastric cancer risk: focus on carnitine","volume":"493","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0084","first-page":"123","article-title":"Carnitine and dietary interventions in gastric cancer prevention","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0085","first-page":"89","article-title":"Phytochemicals and cancer cell proliferation: mechanisms involving HIF-1\u03b1 and VEGF","volume":"531","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0106","first-page":"4567","article-title":"Glutamine\u2019s dual role in tumor growth and supportive care","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0118","first-page":"2189","article-title":"GLS1 overexpression drives glutamine addiction and poor prognosis in gastric cancer","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0116","first-page":"145","article-title":"Glutamine deprivation inhibits proliferation in AGS gastric cancer cells through suppression of mTOR signaling","volume":"402","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0086","article-title":"l-carnitine and gastric cancer risk: a case-control study","volume":"67","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0087","article-title":"Sulforaphane and curcumin in gastric cancer: molecular pathways","volume":"94","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0088","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Phytochemicals and chemotherapy sensitivity in upper gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0089","first-page":"1234","article-title":"Targeting cancer stem cells with phytochemicals: clinical perspectives","volume":"41","author":"Thompson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0090","first-page":"789","article-title":"Probiotics and H. pylori eradication: mechanisms and clinical evidence","volume":"111","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0091","article-title":"Probiotics and gut microbiota modulation in cancer prevention","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut. Microbes."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0092","first-page":"1678","article-title":"Challenges in standardizing probiotic protocols for cancer therapy","volume":"74","author":"Patel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0117","first-page":"1678","article-title":"Probiotics and prebiotics in infant nutrition and health","volume":"13","author":"Vandenplas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0011","first-page":"1995","article-title":"Cancer prevention by tea polyphenols: molecular mechanisms and human relevance","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Prev. Res. (Phila)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-15-0847","article-title":"Phytochemicals and chemotherapy sensitivity in gastric cancer","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0093","article-title":"Carotenoids and esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0094","first-page":"567","article-title":"Lycopene and gastric cancer: lack of efficacy in clinical studies","volume":"78","author":"Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0096","first-page":"3123","article-title":"Cysteine and taurine in redox balance: implications for gastric cancer","volume":"40","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0097","first-page":"2678","article-title":"Homocysteine and gastric cancer risk in Asian populations","volume":"80","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0098","first-page":"1567","article-title":"Arginine and nitric oxide in gastric cancer survival","volume":"39","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0099","first-page":"1678","article-title":"ADI-PEG20 in arginine-auxotrophic gastric cancers: preclinical evidence","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0100","first-page":"4567","article-title":"Glutamine\u2019s dual role in tumor growth and supportive care","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0101","first-page":"123","article-title":"Glutaminase inhibitors in upper gastrointestinal cancers: therapeutic potential","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0102","article-title":"l-carnitine and gastric cancer risk in men: a cohort study","volume":"70","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0103","article-title":"Gender-specific metabolic differences in carnitine and cancer risk","volume":"86","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0104","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Fragmented evidence in nutritional interventions for upper gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"80","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0105","first-page":"3678","article-title":"Ethical concerns in glutamine supplementation for cancer patients","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0107","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Synergistic effects of phytochemicals and chemotherapy in gastric cancer: trial designs","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0108","first-page":"89","article-title":"Phytochemicals and cancer cell proliferation: mechanisms involving HIF-1\u03b1 and VEGF","volume":"531","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0109","article-title":"Sulforaphane and curcumin in gastric cancer: molecular pathways","volume":"94","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0110","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Phytochemicals and chemotherapy sensitivity in upper gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0111","first-page":"3678","article-title":"Ethical concerns in glutamine supplementation for cancer patients","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208_bib0115","first-page":"1865","article-title":"Probiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."}],"container-title":["Cancer Treatment and Research Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S246829422600119X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S246829422600119X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T11:49:14Z","timestamp":1780919354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S246829422600119X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":99,"alternative-id":["S246829422600119X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-2942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-2942","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The role of dietary components in upper gastrointestinal cancers: A narrative review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cancer Treatment and Research Communications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctarc.2026.101208","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101208"}}