{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:01:32Z","timestamp":1791414092427,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C6078\/A28736"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C6078\/A28736"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/X006611\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/X006611\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ctro.science","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:04:37Z","timestamp":1758708277000},"page":"101052","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Quantifying the flash effect and its dependence on average dose rate in vivo for 6 MeV electron and 6 MV photon beams"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0240-7528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salom\u00e9","family":"Paillas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9617-8206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward R.J.F.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6668-1195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"L\u00f6vgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5148-0161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iain D.C.","family":"Tullis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0300-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristoffer","family":"Petersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01563","article-title":"Ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) radiotherapy: silver bullet or fool's gold?","volume":"9","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2017.05.003","article-title":"Irradiation in a flash: Unique sparing of memory in mice after whole brain irradiation with dose rates above 100Gy\/s","volume":"124","author":"Montay-Gruel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.08.004","article-title":"Irradiation at ultra-high (FLASH) dose rates reduces acute normal tissue toxicity in the mouse gastrointestinal system","author":"Ruan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2025.04.021","article-title":"Average dose rate is the major temporal beam structure parameter for preserving murine intestines with pulsed electron FLASH-RT","author":"Grilj","year":"2025","journal-title":"Internat J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2024.04.071","article-title":"Proton FLASH: impact of dose rate and split dose on acute skin toxicity in a murine model","volume":"120","author":"S\u00f8rensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Internat J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15222","article-title":"FLASH radiotherapy with photon beams","volume":"49","author":"Montay-Gruel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/abd672","article-title":"Monitoring electron energies during FLASH irradiations","volume":"66","author":"Berne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17891","article-title":"Megavoltage photon FLASH for preclinical experiments","author":"Taylor","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1880.1","article-title":"Animal models for medical countermeasures to radiation exposure","volume":"173","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2018.08.016","article-title":"X-rays can trigger the FLASH effect: Ultra-high dose-rate synchrotron light source prevents normal brain injury after whole brain irradiation in mice","author":"Montay-Gruel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12044","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30543-1","article-title":"Comparative toxicity of synchrotron and conventional radiation therapy based on total and partial body irradiation in a murine model","volume":"8","author":"Smyth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/abf2fa","article-title":"Ultrahigh dose-rate (FLASH) x-ray irradiator for pre-clinical laboratory research","volume":"66","author":"Rezaee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrae079","article-title":"High-throughput, low-cost FLASH: irradiation of Drosophila melanogaster with low-energy X-rays using time structures spanning conventional and ultrahigh dose rates","volume":"65","author":"Hart","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0070","series-title":"Physical basis of radiation therapy","author":"Arno","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50412-w","article-title":"Dosimetric characterization of a novel UHDR megavoltage X-ray source for FLASH radiobiological experiments","volume":"14","author":"Esplen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2023.109967","article-title":"FLASH radiotherapy using high-energy X-rays: current status of PARTER platform in FLASH research","volume":"190","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.12111","article-title":"High dose-per-pulse electron beam dosimetry - a model to correct for the ion recombination in the Advanced Markus ionization chamber","volume":"44","author":"Petersson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2025.110796","article-title":"Electron vs proton FLASH radiation on murine skin toxicity","volume":"206","author":"Kristensen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.12.022","article-title":"In vivo validation and tissue sparing factor for acute damage of pencil beam scanning proton FLASH","volume":"167","author":"Singers Sorensen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2024.02.050","article-title":"Oxygen enhancement ratio-weighted dose quantitatively describes acute skin toxicity variations in mice after pencil beam scanning proton FLASH irradiation with changing doses and time structures","volume":"120","author":"Poulsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405630825001442?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405630825001442?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:37:13Z","timestamp":1787729833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405630825001442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["S2405630825001442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-6308"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-6308","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Quantifying the flash effect and its dependence on average dose rate in vivo for 6 MeV electron and 6 MV photon beams","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctro.2025.101052","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101052"}}