{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T15:08:35Z","timestamp":1784041715573,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cancertreatmentreviews.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Treatment Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T23:22:06Z","timestamp":1782343326000},"page":"103177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Antiangiogenic therapies in gastric cancer: future directions for 2026 and beyond: an UNICANCER gastrointestinal group (UCGI) perspective"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Judith","family":"Raimbourg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meher Ben","family":"Abdelghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Boige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Botsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lien","family":"Carnot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9lia","family":"Coutzac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Delaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"De Sousa Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Edeline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Ghiringhelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lien","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Le Sourd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lola-Jade","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Pernot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuelle","family":"Samalin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Smolenschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine","family":"Vivier-Chicoteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Marion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"de la Fouchardi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0005","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.07.004","article-title":"Gastric cancer: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","author":"Lordick","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2025.0022","article-title":"Gastric cancer, version 2.2025, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology","volume":"23","author":"Ajani","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Cancer Netw JNCCN"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00515-6","article-title":"Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer (KEYNOTE-859): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial","volume":"24","author":"Rha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"10294","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00797-2","article-title":"First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial","volume":"398","author":"Janjigian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010043","article-title":"Angiogenesis and anti-angiogenic therapy in gastric cancer","volume":"19","author":"Nienh\u00fcser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70420-6","article-title":"Ramucirumab plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel in patients with previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW): a double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial","volume":"15","author":"Wilke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"9911","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61719-5","article-title":"Ramucirumab monotherapy for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (REGARD): an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"383","author":"Fuchs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3372","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-0600","article-title":"FDA approval summary: ramucirumab for gastric cancer","volume":"21","author":"Casak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.63.5995","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial of apatinib in patients with chemotherapy-refractory advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.24.00055","article-title":"INTEGRATE IIa phase III study: regorafenib for refractory advanced gastric Cancer","volume":"43","author":"Pavlakis","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-2351-9","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori promotes angiogenesis depending on Wnt\/beta-catenin-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor via the cyclooxygenase-2 pathway in gastric cancer","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-015-0111-0","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori virulence factor CagA promotes tumorigenesis of gastric cancer via multiple signaling pathways","volume":"13","author":"Yong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1072802","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection induces gastric precancerous lesions and persistent expression of Angpt2, Vegf-A and Tnf-A in a mouse model","volume":"13","author":"Malesp\u00edn-Benda\u00f1a","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh168","article-title":"Role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in gastric cancer cell growth, angiogenesis, and vessel maturation","volume":"96","author":"Stoeltzing","year":"2004","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20568","article-title":"Clinicopathologic significance of hypoxia-inducible factor 1\u03b1 overexpression in gastric carcinomas","volume":"94","author":"Mizokami","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-012-0378-8","article-title":"Clinicopathological significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1\u03b1) expression in gastric cancer","volume":"18","author":"Isobe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i11.1680","article-title":"Upregulation of hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha mRNA is associated with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor expression and excessive angiogenesis and predicts a poor prognosis in gastric carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0095","first-page":"1659","article-title":"Angiogenesis is associated with an attenuated tumor microenvironment, aggressive biology, and worse survival in gastric cancer patients","volume":"11","author":"Oshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2024.06.004","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and immunosuppression in gastric cancer","volume":"132","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0105","first-page":"208","article-title":"Anti-angiogenic therapies for gastric cancer","volume":"15","author":"Hironaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"f"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v11.i9.686","article-title":"Tumor progression-dependent angiogenesis in gastric cancer and its potential application","volume":"11","author":"Hsieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-020-01295-1","article-title":"Gastric carcinogenesis: a comprehensive review of the angiogenic pathways","volume":"14","author":"Forma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0120","article-title":"Notch signaling pathway in cancer: from mechanistic insights to targeted therapies","volume":"9","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-024-01093-9","article-title":"The prediction of DLL4 as a prognostic biomarker in patients with gastric cancer using anti-DLL4 Nanobody","volume":"55","author":"Afzalipour","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-22-0243","article-title":"Targeting the DLL\/Notch signaling pathway in cancer: challenges and advances in clinical development","volume":"22","author":"You","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3968","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.36.2236","article-title":"Bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy as first-line therapy in advanced gastric cancer: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study","volume":"29","author":"Ohtsu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-014-0351-5","article-title":"Bevacizumab plus capecitabine and cisplatin in Chinese patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: randomized, double-blind, phase III study (AVATAR study)","volume":"18","author":"Shen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13153","article-title":"Subgroup analysis of east Asians in RAINBOW: a phase 3 trial of ramucirumab plus paclitaxel for advanced gastric cancer","volume":"31","author":"Muro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00313-7","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of weekly paclitaxel with or without ramucirumab as second-line therapy for the treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW-Asia): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, phase 3 trial","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30791-5","article-title":"Ramucirumab with cisplatin and fluoropyrimidine as first-line therapy in patients with metastatic gastric or junctional adenocarcinoma (RAINFALL): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"20","author":"Fuchs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2014.225","article-title":"Phase I study of axitinib in combination with cisplatin and capecitabine in patients with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer","volume":"47","author":"Oh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-010-9438-y","article-title":"Phase II study of sunitinib as second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer","volume":"29","author":"Bang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Investig New Drugs"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.100","article-title":"Randomised phase II trial of docetaxel and sunitinib in patients with metastatic gastric cancer who were previously treated with fluoropyrimidine and platinum","volume":"106","author":"Yi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134731","article-title":"Phase II trial of sorafenib in patients with chemotherapy refractory metastatic esophageal and gastroesophageal (GE) junction cancer","volume":"10","author":"Janjigian","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33864","article-title":"Pazopanib with 5-FU and oxaliplatin as first line therapy in advanced gastric cancer: a randomized phase-II study\u2014the PaFLO trial. A study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie AIO-STO -0510","volume":"150","author":"H\u00f6gner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.04.006","article-title":"An open-label, multicentre biomarker-oriented AIO phase II trial of sunitinib for patients with chemo-refractory advanced gastric cancer","volume":"47","author":"Moehler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.03.006","article-title":"Integration of pharmacoproteomic and computational approaches reveals the cellular signal transduction pathways affected by apatinib in gastric cancer cell lines","volume":"21","author":"Nojima","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput Struct Biotechnol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v877","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz394.034","article-title":"Randomized phase III ANGEL study of rivoceranib (apatinib) + best supportive care (BSC) vs placebo + BSC in patients with advanced\/metastatic gastric cancer who failed \u22652 prior chemotherapy regimens","volume":"30","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-023-01455-5","article-title":"Rivoceranib, a VEGFR-2 inhibitor, monotherapy in previously treated patients with advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (ANGEL study): an international, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"27","author":"Kang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2728","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.1901","article-title":"Regorafenib for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (INTEGRATE): a multinational placebo-controlled phase II trial","volume":"34","author":"Pavlakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2025.105096","article-title":"Regorafenib combined with irinotecan as second-line treatment in metastatic gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas: results of PRODIGE 58\u2013UCGI35\u2013REGIRI Unicancer randomised phase II study","volume":"10","author":"Samalin","year":"2025","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.71957","article-title":"Lenvatinib plus paclitaxel as second-line therapy for advanced gastric cancer patients: a dose escalation exploratory study","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02989-6","article-title":"Fruquintinib plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel for gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the randomized phase 3 FRUTIGA trial","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0225","article-title":"Comparison of treatment efficacy and survival outcomes between Asian and western patients with unresectable gastric or gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00747-0","article-title":"Global burden of gastric cancer: epidemiological trends, risk factors, screening and prevention","volume":"20","author":"Thrift","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0235","first-page":"1","article-title":"First-line immunotherapy for advanced HER2-negative gastric cancer: differences between Asian and non-Asian patients","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0240","article-title":"Review of management of primary oesophagogastric cancers in East Asian versus Western countries","volume":"3","author":"Chaganti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Holist Integr Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2503701","article-title":"Perioperative durvalumab in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer","volume":"393","author":"Janjigian","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07385-7","article-title":"Overcoming immunotherapy resistance in gastric cancer: insights into mechanisms and emerging strategies","volume":"16","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2014.10.006","article-title":"Antiangiogenesis strategies revisited: from starving tumors to alleviating hypoxia","volume":"26","author":"Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2018.29","article-title":"Enhancing cancer immunotherapy using antiangiogenics: opportunities and challenges","volume":"15","author":"Fukumura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30271-0","article-title":"Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer in the first-line or second-line setting (EPOC1706): an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial","volume":"21","author":"Kawazoe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-00748","article-title":"Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab and chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in advanced metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: the phase III, randomized LEAP-015 study","volume":"43","author":"Shitara","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.03296","article-title":"Regorafenib plus nivolumab in patients with advanced gastric or colorectal Cancer: an open-label, dose-escalation, and dose-expansion phase Ib trial (REGONIVO, EPOC1603)","volume":"38","author":"Fukuoka","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2025.09.095","article-title":"LBA80 Regorafenib plus nivolumab vs investigator\u2019s choice of chemotherapy in previously treated gastric or gastroesophageal cancer: INTEGRATE IIb, a randomized phase 3 AGITG intergroup [NHMRC-CTC\/IKF\/AIO, ACCRU, TCOG\/NHRI] study","volume":"36","author":"Goldstein","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyae005","article-title":"Apatinib plus toripalimab (anti-PD1 therapy) as second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric or esophagogastric junction cancer: results from a randomized, open-label phase II study","volume":"29","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-024-00886-y","article-title":"Antiangiogenic\u2013immune-checkpoint inhibitor combinations: lessons from phase III clinical trials","volume":"21","author":"Kuo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.20034","article-title":"Gastric cancer: a review","volume":"335","author":"Patel","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10251","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31288-5","article-title":"Gastric cancer","volume":"396","author":"Smyth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10184","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32557-1","volume":"393","author":"Al-Batran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30043-8","article-title":"Peri-operative chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in operable oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (UK Medical Research Council ST03): primary analysis results of a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 2\u20133 trial","volume":"18","author":"Cunningham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2024.08.1520","article-title":"1454P an open label phase II study of lenvatinib with pembrolizumab and FLOT in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment for patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (EPOC2001)","volume":"35","author":"Kawazoe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1599181","article-title":"Unlocking new horizons in oncology: ivonescimab\u2019s dual-target approach to anti-VEGF\/PD-1(L1) therapy","volume":"16","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.106753","article-title":"439TiP ROSETTA Lung-01: a phase III, two-stage trial of pumitamig, a PD-L1 \u00d7 VEGF-A bispecific antibody, plus chemotherapy versus atezolizumab + chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer","volume":"11","author":"Reck","year":"2026","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"issue":"10, Supplement 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0330","first-page":"S2","article-title":"PL02.12 Ivonescimab vs placebo plus chemo, phase 3 in patients with EGFR+ NSCLC progressed with 3rd gen EGFR-TKI treatment: HARMONi","volume":"20","author":"Goldman","year":"2025","journal-title":"World Conf Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.10613","article-title":"Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy in non\u2013small cell lung cancer with EGFR variant","volume":"332","author":"HARMONi-A Study Investigators","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10481","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02722-3","article-title":"Ivonescimab versus pembrolizumab for PD-L1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (HARMONi-2): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study in China","volume":"405","author":"Xiong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"16_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0345","article-title":"Cadonilimab in combination with ivonescimab and chemotherapy as first-line (1L) therapy in patients with advanced gastric (G) or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJA)","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"16_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0350","article-title":"Cadonilimab in combination with ivonescimab and chemotherapy as first-line (1L) therapy in patients with advanced gastric (G) or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJA): updated results from an open-label phase II trial","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"16_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.8511","article-title":"First report of efficacy and safety results from a phase 2 trial evaluating BNT327\/PM8002 plus chemotherapy (chemo) as first-line treatment (1L) in unresectable malignant mesothelioma","volume":"43","author":"Cheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0360","article-title":"1255MO a phase II safety and efficacy study of PM8002\/BNT327 in combination with chemotherapy in patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"16_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0365","article-title":"A phase II efficacy and safety study of HB0025 (a PD-L1\/VEGF bispecific antibody) in combination with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"16_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2026.44.16_suppl.8514","article-title":"A phase II trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SSGJ-707, a bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and VEGF, as a monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC","volume":"43","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"16_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.11545","article-title":"IMM2510, an anti-PD-L1\/VEGF bispecific antibody fusion protein, in patients with R\/R STS: a phase Ib expansion study","volume":"43","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1093\/abt\/tbaf012","article-title":"A novel bispecific antibody CVL006 superior to AK112 for dual targeting of PD-L1 and VEGF in cancer therapy","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antibody Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0385","article-title":"Characterization and functional evaluation of JS207, a novel bispecific antibody against human PD-1 and VEGFA","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202501819","article-title":"Bispecific antibody targeting VEGF\/TGF-\u03b2 synergizes with local radiotherapy: turning tumors from cold to inflamed and amplifying abscopal effects","volume":"12","author":"Lyu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0395","article-title":"Phase Ib study of BI 836880 (VEGF\/Ang2 nanobody) in combination with ezabenlimab (anti\u2013PD-1 antibody) in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors","volume":"2","author":"Girard","year":"2025","journal-title":"JCO Oncol Adv"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2009.63","article-title":"Biomarkers of response and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy","volume":"6","author":"Jain","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2020.102017","article-title":"Bevacizumab (Avastin\u00ae) in cancer treatment: a review of 15 years of clinical experience and future outlook","volume":"86","author":"Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq261","article-title":"Circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitors as predictive markers of clinical response to bevacizumab-based first-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer patients","volume":"21","author":"Ronzoni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-12-0137","article-title":"Circulating endothelial progenitors and tumor resistance to vascular-targeting therapies","volume":"2","author":"De Palma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-025-00867-x","article-title":"Circulating tumor DNA strongly predicts efficacy of chemotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma","volume":"5","author":"Tougeron","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00358-3","article-title":"First-line regorafenib with nivolumab and chemotherapy in advanced oesophageal, gastric, or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer in the USA: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 trial","volume":"24","author":"Cytryn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.749250","article-title":"Clinical applications of liquid biopsy in gastric cancer","volume":"8","author":"Chivu-Economescu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4291","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-04030-w","article-title":"Circulating tumor DNA-guided adjuvant therapy in locally advanced colon cancer: the randomized phase 2\/3 DYNAMIC-III trial","volume":"31","author":"Tie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med d\u00e9c"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0440","article-title":"MicroRNAs and angiogenesis: a new era for the management of colorectal cancer","volume":"21","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int d\u00e9c"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5732-4","article-title":"Gastric cancer and imaging biomarkers: part 1 \u2013 a critical review of DW-MRI and CE-MDCT findings","volume":"29","author":"Giganti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol avr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09219-y","article-title":"Multiparametric MRI-based radiomics nomogram for early prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14341-9","article-title":"Aberrant glioblastoma neovascularization patterns and their correlation with DCE-MRI-derived parameters following temozolomide and bevacizumab treatment","volume":"7","author":"Xue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05612-x","article-title":"Comprehensive biomarker and modeling approach to support dose finding for BI 836880, a VEGF\/Ang-2 inhibitor","volume":"22","author":"Keller","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"17_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2026.44.17_suppl.LBA4","article-title":"Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy in previously untreated advanced squamous non\u2013small cell lung cancer: overall survival results of the phase 3 HARMONi-6 trial","volume":"44","author":"Zhiwei","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10534","key":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(26)00143-1","article-title":"PD-L1, treatment intensity, and outcomes in squamous NSCLC","volume":"407","author":"Huang","year":"2026","journal-title":"The Lancet"}],"container-title":["Cancer Treatment Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0305737226000915?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0305737226000915?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T14:45:33Z","timestamp":1784040333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0305737226000915"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["S0305737226000915"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177","relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-7372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-7372","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antiangiogenic therapies in gastric cancer: future directions for 2026 and beyond: an UNICANCER gastrointestinal group (UCGI) perspective","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cancer Treatment Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctrv.2026.103177","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103177"}}