{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T23:12:18Z","timestamp":1789427538323,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":369,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T10:40:05Z","timestamp":1601894405000},"page":"R1092-R1095","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Archaeogenetics: What Can Ancient Genomes Tell Us about the Origin of Syphilis?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Mathew A.","family":"Beale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila A.","family":"Lukehart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199303000-00010","article-title":"The origin of syphilis. Clinical and epidemiologic considerations on the Columbian theory","volume":"20","author":"Luger","year":"1993","journal-title":"Sex. Transm. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.23988","article-title":"Advancing the understanding of treponemal disease in the past and present","volume":"171","author":"Baker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib3","series-title":"Pathogenic Treponema: Molecular and Cellular Biology","first-page":"183","article-title":"Historical evidence of syphilis and other treponemes","author":"McGough","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.07.058","article-title":"Ancient bacterial genomes reveal a high diversity of Treponema pallidum strains in early modern Europe","volume":"30","author":"Majander","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025727300045749","article-title":"Suspected endemic syphilis (treponarid) in sixteenth-century Norway","volume":"30","author":"Anderson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Med. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005434","article-title":"Human Treponema pallidum 11q\/j isolate belongs to subsp. endemicum but contains two loci with a sequence in TP0548 and TP0488 similar to subsp. pertenue and subsp. pallidum, respectively","volume":"11","author":"Mikalov\u00e1","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.02.006","article-title":"Bejel in Cuba: molecular identification of Treponema pallidum subsp. endemicum in patients diagnosed with venereal syphilis","volume":"24","author":"Noda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01148-18","article-title":"Circulation of distinct Treponema pallidum strains in individuals with heterosexual orientation and men who have sex with men","volume":"57","author":"Kojima","year":"2019","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1086\/515247","article-title":"The flanking region sequences of the 15-kDa lipoprotein gene differentiate pathogenic treponemes","volume":"177","author":"Centurion-Lara","year":"1998","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00070-13","article-title":"The endemic treponematoses","volume":"27","author":"Giacani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16245","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.245","article-title":"Origin of modern syphilis and emergence of a pandemic Treponema pallidum cluster","volume":"2","author":"Arora","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11216-7","article-title":"Genomic epidemiology of syphilis reveals independent emergence of macrolide resistance across multiple circulating lineages","volume":"10","author":"Beale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib13","first-page":"157","article-title":"Nonhuman primates across sub-Saharan Africa are infected with the yaws bacterium Treponema pallidum subsp","volume":"7","author":"Knauf","year":"2018","journal-title":"pertenue. Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006447","article-title":"Historic Treponema pallidum genomes from Colonial Mexico retrieved from archaeological remains","volume":"12","author":"Schuenemann","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.04.002","article-title":"Origin and health status of first-generation Africans from early colonial Mexico","volume":"30","author":"Barquera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9499","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66012-x","article-title":"A treponemal genome from an historic plague victim supports a recent emergence of yaws and its presence in 15th century Europe","volume":"10","author":"Giffin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001832","article-title":"Whole genome sequence of Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum, strain Mexico A, suggests recombination between yaws and syphilis strains","volume":"6","author":"P\u011btro\u0161ov\u00e1","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2222","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002222","article-title":"Fine analysis of genetic diversity of the tpr gene family among treponemal species, subspecies and strains","volume":"7","author":"Centurion-Lara","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib19","article-title":"Geographically structured genomic diversity of non-human primate-infecting Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue","author":"Mubemba","year":"2019","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022_bib20","article-title":"A genomic epidemiology investigation of yaws re-emergence and bacterial drug resistance selection","author":"Beale","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"}],"container-title":["Current Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960982220311763?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960982220311763?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T09:49:46Z","timestamp":1760780986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960982220311763"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0960982220311763"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-9822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-9822","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Archaeogenetics: What Can Ancient Genomes Tell Us about the Origin of Syphilis?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2020.07.058","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}