{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:42:12Z","timestamp":1783762932300,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["vetsmall.theclinics.com","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,29]],"date-time":"2017-09-29T06:16:01Z","timestamp":1506665761000},"page":"85-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Diagnostic Imaging of Discospondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Ruoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon C.","family":"Kerwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda R.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1980.177.04.337","article-title":"Diskospondylitis in dogs","volume":"177","author":"Kornegay","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.200.04.511","article-title":"Disseminated aspergillosis in a dog with diskospondylitis and neurologic deficits","volume":"200","author":"Dallman","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6083","article-title":"Disseminated protothecosis associated with diskospondylitis in a dog","volume":"50","author":"Manino","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.242.3.359","article-title":"Clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of diskospondylitis in dogs: 23 cases (1997-2010)","volume":"242","author":"Harris","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.1733","article-title":"Outcome of and complications associated with prophylactic percutaneous laser disk ablation in dogs with thoracolumbar disk disease: 277 cases (1992-2001)","volume":"222","author":"Bartels","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2005.tb00276.x","article-title":"Partial percutaneous discectomy for treatment of thoracolumbar disc protrusion: retrospective study of 331 dogs","volume":"46","author":"Kinzel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.248.12.1383","article-title":"Risk factors for diskospondylitis in dogs after spinal decompression surgery for intervertebral disk herniation","volume":"248","author":"Canal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib8","first-page":"531","article-title":"Cervical discospondylitis in 2 Great Dane puppies following routine surgery","volume":"53","author":"Finnen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2008.00720.x","article-title":"Two dogs with iatrogenic discospondylitis caused by meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"50","author":"Schwartz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib10","first-page":"106","article-title":"Epidural abscess and discospondylitis in a dog after administration of a lumbosacral epidural analgesic","volume":"37","author":"Remedios","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.b4829","article-title":"Spinal osteomyelitis and epidural empyema in a dog due to migrating conifer material","volume":"166","author":"Sutton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.247.7.743","article-title":"What is your diagnosis? Diskospondylitis","volume":"247","author":"Hill","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00072.x","article-title":"Sublumbar abscess and diskospondylitis in a cat","volume":"46","author":"Packer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.268","article-title":"Signalment and clinical features of diskospondylitis in dogs: 513 cases (1980-2001)","volume":"227","author":"Burkert","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1978.173.03.275","article-title":"Diskospondylitis in the dog: 27 cases","volume":"173","author":"Hurov","year":"1978","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.201.08.1253","article-title":"Diskospondylitis associated with Brucella canis infection in dogs: 14 cases (1980-1991)","volume":"201","author":"Kerwin","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1974.tb06536.x","article-title":"Vertebral osteomyelitis in the dog due to Nocardia-like organisms","volume":"15","author":"Mitten","year":"1974","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1985.tb14914.x","article-title":"Vertebral osteomyelitis due to Nocardia in a dog","volume":"62","author":"Bradney","year":"1985","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1989.tb01459.x","article-title":"Infective polyarthritis and multiple discospondylitis in a dog due to Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae","volume":"30","author":"Houlton","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.100657","article-title":"Successful medical treatment of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-induced lumbosacral diskospondylitis in a dog","volume":"170","author":"Golini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib21","first-page":"595","article-title":"A\u00a0case of canine discospondylitis and epidural empyema due to Salmonella species","volume":"54","author":"Plessas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-5947","article-title":"Use of linezolid to treat MRSP bacteremia and discospondylitis in a dog","volume":"50","author":"Foster","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12419","article-title":"Vertebral osteomyelitis and multiple cutaneous lesions in a dog caused by Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis","volume":"28","author":"Hilligas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1160\/VCOT-06-11-0089","article-title":"Surgical treatment of a vertebral fracture associated with a haematogenous osteomyelitis in a dog","volume":"20","author":"Cabassu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2008.00339.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features of spinal epidural empyema in five dogs","volume":"49","author":"De Stefani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2001.tb02473.x","article-title":"Discospondylitis associated with three unreported bacteria in the dog","volume":"42","author":"Adamo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2000.00070.x","article-title":"Surgical treatment of lumbosacral instability caused by discospondylitis in four dogs","volume":"29","author":"Auger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2000.tb01467.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance, computed tomographic and radiologic findings in a dog with discospondylitis","volume":"41","author":"Gonzalo-Orden","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.156.3.78","article-title":"Treatment of 10 dogs with discospondylitis by fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous discectomy","volume":"156","author":"Kinzel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1998.tb00318.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of presumptive lumbosacral discospondylitis in a dog","volume":"39","author":"Kraft","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00976.x","article-title":"Radiographic findings during recovery from discospondylitis","volume":"42","author":"Shamir","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1996.tb13726.x","article-title":"A\u00a0dog with back pain","volume":"74","author":"Churcher","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00466.x","article-title":"Fluoroscopically guided percutaneous disk aspiration in 10 dogs with diskospondylitis","volume":"11","author":"Fischer","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.249.5.539","article-title":"Early diagnostic imaging findings in juvenile dogs with presumed diskospondylitis: 10 cases (2008-2014)","volume":"249","author":"Kirberger","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1995.tb00245.x","article-title":"Vertebral physitis: a radiographic diagnosis to be separated from discospondylitis","volume":"36","author":"Jimenez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.1359","article-title":"What is your diagnosis? Sclerosis of the caudal vertebral body end plate of L7 and the cranial end plate of S1 and narrowing of the L7-S1 intervertebral disk space","volume":"222","author":"De Risio","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B11.16294","article-title":"Spinal infections","volume":"87","author":"Govender","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2004.tb00259.x","article-title":"MRI findings in a dog with discospondylitis caused by Bordetella species","volume":"45","author":"Cherubini","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2011.01861.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging characterization of vertebral endplate changes in the dog","volume":"53","author":"Gendron","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01756.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features of discospondylitis in dogs","volume":"52","author":"Carrera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S72","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01787.x","article-title":"Optimal magnetic resonance imaging of the spine","volume":"52","author":"Dennis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-36-1-81","article-title":"Contrast radiographic findings in canine bacterial discospondylitis: a multicenter, retrospective study of 27 cases","volume":"36","author":"Davis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1999.tb03013.x","article-title":"Vertebral physitis with epiphyseal sequestration and a portosystemic shunt in a Pekingese dog","volume":"40","author":"Walker","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1995.207.01.67","article-title":"Disseminated opportunistic fungal disease in dogs: 10 cases (1982-1990)","volume":"207","author":"Watt","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1990.tb00647.x","article-title":"Surgical treatment of lumbosacral discospondylitis by a distraction-fusion technique","volume":"31","author":"McKee","year":"1990","journal-title":"J\u00a0Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2006.00129.x","article-title":"Spinal epidural empyema in seven dogs","volume":"35","author":"Lavely","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Surg"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0195561617300967?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0195561617300967?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T22:58:41Z","timestamp":1750892321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0195561617300967"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0195561617300967"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0195-5616"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0195-5616","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diagnostic Imaging of Discospondylitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}