{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:25:28Z","timestamp":1789586728150,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,10]],"date-time":"2019-02-10T19:08:20Z","timestamp":1549825700000},"page":"35-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Emerging role of immune cell network in autoimmune skin disorders: An update on pemphigus, vitiligo and psoriasis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Dayasagar","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamima","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santosh","family":"Kurra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somesh","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alpana","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a015339","article-title":"Immunology and skin in health and disease","volume":"4","author":"Richmond","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0010","article-title":"Prevalence of psoriasis: an Indian perspective","volume":"74","author":"Pandey","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0015","first-page":"34","article-title":"A survey on the prevalence of Vitiligo in Banglore City, India","volume":"3","author":"Reddy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharma Med. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0020","article-title":"Profile of vitiligo in Kumaun region of Uttrakhand, India","volume":"59","author":"Agrawal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.42901","article-title":"Incidence of pemphigus in Thrissur district, south India","volume":"74","author":"Kumar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.18203\/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20175368","article-title":"Prevalence of pemphigus incidence in the Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat: a cross-sectional study","volume":"3","author":"Parmar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5095293","article-title":"Skin immune landscape: inside and outside the organism","volume":"2017","author":"Abdallah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17026","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.26","article-title":"Pemphigus","volume":"3","author":"Kasperkiewicz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8662-z","article-title":"Pemphigus: a comprehensive review on pathogenesis, clinical presentation and novel therapeutic approaches","volume":"54","author":"Pollmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2008.03638.x","article-title":"Possible role of natural killer cells in pemphigus vulgaris - preliminary observations","volume":"152","author":"Stern","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12814","article-title":"T helper type 1 polarizing gammadelta T cells and Scavenger receptors contribute to the pathogenesis of Pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"153","author":"Das","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12229","article-title":"Autoreactive T cells in the immune pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"22","author":"Amber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1080\/08820130902943097","article-title":"Involvement of T(H)1\/T(H)2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of autoimmune skin disease-Pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"38","author":"Satyam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2015.06.008","article-title":"Distinctive Treg associated CCR4-CCL22 expression profile with altered frequency of Th17\/Treg cell in the immunopathogenesis of Pemphigus Vulgaris","volume":"220","author":"Asothai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-536","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and lower TGF-\u03b2\/IL-17 ratio in a North Indian cohort of pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"7","author":"Joshi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2013.2177","article-title":"The imbalance of Th17 and regulatory T cells in pemphigus patients","volume":"23","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148919","article-title":"Increased frequency of t follicular helper cells and elevated Interleukin-27 plasma levels in patients with pemphigus","volume":"11","author":"Hennerici","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.05.032","article-title":"Pivotal role of Lesional and perilesional T\/B lymphocytes in pemphigus pathogenesis","volume":"137","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7151285","article-title":"Th1\/Th17-related cytokines and chemokines and their implications in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris","author":"Timoteo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-010-8179-5","article-title":"Intracellular osteopontin (iOPN) and immunity","volume":"49","author":"Inoue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-011-1186-0","article-title":"Osteopontin, a protein with cytokine-like properties: a possible involvement in pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"304","author":"Baroni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1572","article-title":"The Foxp3+ regulatory T cell: a jack of all trades, master of regulation","volume":"9","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.7.3348","article-title":"Cutting edge: CD28 controls peripheral homeostasis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells","volume":"171","author":"Tang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.03035.x","article-title":"CD28 T-cell costimulatory molecule expression in pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"23","author":"Alecu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12919","article-title":"Induction of T regulatory cells by the superagonistic anti-CD28 antibody D665 leads to decreased pathogenic IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein 3 in a HLA-transgenic mouse model of pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"25","author":"Schmidt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2010.08.010","article-title":"Regulatory B cells in skin and connective tissue diseases","volume":"60","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-074934","article-title":"Immune regulatory function of B cells","volume":"30","author":"Mauri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13192","article-title":"Impaired function of CD19(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) regulatory B cells in patients with pemphigus","volume":"172","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/764290","article-title":"A possible role for CD8+ T lymphocytes in the cell-mediated pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"2013","author":"Giurdanella","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8622-7","article-title":"Vitiligo: focus on clinical aspects, immunopathogenesis, and therapy","volume":"54","author":"Boniface","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.181","article-title":"Vitiligo-inducing phenols activate the unfolded protein response in melanocytes resulting in upregulation of IL6 and IL8","volume":"132","author":"Toosi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051040","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals markers of aberrantly activated innate immunity in vitiligo lesional and non-lesional skin","volume":"7","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2013.09.004","article-title":"Coexistence of Langerhans cells activation and immune cells infiltration in progressive nonsegmental vitiligo","volume":"73","author":"Itoi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0170","article-title":"Th17 cells and activated dendritic cells are increased in vitiligo lesions","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.09.016","article-title":"Keratinocyte-derived chemokines orchestrate T-Cell positioning in the Epidermis during vitiligo and may serve as biomarkers of disease","volume":"137","author":"Richmond","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0180","first-page":"43","article-title":"Assessment of serum levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) among non-segmental vitiligo patients: a pilot study","volume":"24","author":"Abdellatif","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Alp. Pannonica Adriat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2011.593599","article-title":"Engagement of NK receptor NKG2D, but not 2B4, results in self-reactive CD8+ T cells and autoimmune vitiligo","volume":"44","author":"Zloza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12219","article-title":"Type I interferon signature in the initiation of the immune response in vitiligo","volume":"27","author":"Bertolotti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pigm. Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00916.x","article-title":"HSP70i is a critical component of the immune response leading to vitiligo","volume":"25","author":"Mosenson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigm. Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2012.01019.x","article-title":"Systemic analyses of immunophenotypes of peripheral T cells in non-segmental vitiligo: implication of defective natural killer T cells","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigm. Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037513","article-title":"Global activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes correlates with an impairment in regulatory T cells in patients with generalized vitiligo","volume":"7","author":"Lili","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-009-0699-z","article-title":"Lymphocyte imbalance in vitiligo patients indicated by elevated CD4C\/CD8C T-cell ratio","volume":"159","author":"Pichler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wien. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.10.013","article-title":"Oxidative stress drives CD8(+) T-cell skin trafficking in patients with vitiligo through CXCL16 upregulation by activating the unfolded protein response in keratinocytes","volume":"140","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.12.028","article-title":"Misbalanced CXCL12 and CCL5 chemotactic signals in vitiligo onset and progression","volume":"137","author":"Rezk","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Invest Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10886.x","article-title":"Study of clinical, biochemical and immunological factors determining stability of disease in patients with generalized vitiligo undergoing melanocyte transplantation","volume":"166","author":"Rao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0230","first-page":"171","article-title":"Imbalance of peripheral blood t helper type 17 responses in patients with vitiligo","volume":"17","author":"Behfarjam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12355","article-title":"Increased circulating Th17 cells and elevated serumlevels of TGF-beta and IL-21 are correlated with humannon-segmental vitiligo development","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-016-1690-3","article-title":"Enhanced Th1 and Th17 responses in peripheral blood in active non-segmental vitiligo","volume":"308","author":"Zhen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.07.018","article-title":"Circulatory levels of T-cell cytokines (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-17, and transforming growth factor-beta) in patients with vitiligo","volume":"66","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20187183","article-title":"Vitiligo patients show significant up-regulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor transcription factor","volume":"93","author":"Behfarjam","year":"2018","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13511","article-title":"Alteration in regulatory T cells and programmed death (PD)1 expressing regulatory T cells in active generalized vitiligo and their clinical correlation","volume":"172","author":"Tembhre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol. Syph."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/145409","article-title":"Decreased circulating t regulatory cells in egyptian patients with nonsegmental vitiligo: correlation with disease activity","volume":"2015","author":"Hegab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dermatol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2013.05.005","article-title":"T helper and regulatory T cell cytokine profile in active, stable and narrow band ultraviolet B treated generalized vitiligo","volume":"424","author":"Tembhre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-015-8632-6","article-title":"Participation of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) and its ligand (galectin-9) in the pathogenesis of active generalized vitiligo","volume":"62","author":"Tembhre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19407-w","article-title":"PD-L1 reverses depigmentation in Pmel-1 vitiligo mice by increasing the abundance of Tregs in the skin","volume":"8","author":"Miao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/628289","article-title":"The new insight into the role of antimicrobial proteins-alarmins in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"2014","author":"Batycka-Baran","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2011.01483.x","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"39","author":"Morizane","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.05.007","article-title":"Leukocyte-derived koebnerisin (S100A15) and psoriasin (S100A7) are systemic mediators of inflammation in psoriasis","volume":"79","author":"Batycka-Baran","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.4161\/derm.1.2.7750","article-title":"Overexpression of CXCL16 in lesional psoriatic skin","volume":"1","author":"Oh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.08.041","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-mediated upregulation of CXCL16 in psoriasis orchestrates neutrophil activation","volume":"138","author":"Steffen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0305","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular trap formation is increased in psoriasis and induces human \u03b2-defensin-2 production in epidermal keratinocytes","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100123","article-title":"Mast cells and neutrophils release IL-17 through extracellular trap formation in psoriasis","volume":"187","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-014-1488-0","article-title":"Innate immune cells express IL-17A\/F in acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis and generalized pustular psoriasis","volume":"306","author":"Kakeda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212127","article-title":"Dual IL-17A and IL-17F neutralisation by bimekizumab in psoriatic arthritis: evidence from preclinical experiments and a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial that IL-17F contributes to human chronic tissue inflammation","volume":"77","author":"Glatt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4786","article-title":"Macrophage-mediated psoriasis can be suppressed by regulatory T lymphocytes","volume":"240","author":"Leite Dantas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.165","article-title":"A subpopulation of CD163-positive macrophages is classically activated in psoriasis","volume":"130","author":"Fuentes-Duculan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2009.01.003","article-title":"Increased expression of IL-12p70 and IL-23 by multiple dendritic cell and macrophage subsets in plaque psoriasis","volume":"54","author":"Yawalkar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2018.01.005","article-title":"Up-regulated expression of CD86 on circulating intermediate monocytes correlated with disease severity in psoriasis","volume":"90","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3935","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5685","article-title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells are elevated in patients with psoriasis and produce various molecules","volume":"14","author":"Ilkovitch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.12.036","article-title":"Increased, but functionally impaired, CD14(+) HLA-DR(-\/low) myeloid-derived suppressor cells in psoriasis: a mechanism of dysregulated t cells","volume":"136","author":"Soler","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.01.071","article-title":"Potential role of chemerin in recruitment of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to diseased skin","volume":"380","author":"Skrzeczynska-Moncznik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.194","article-title":"Psoriasis is characterized by accumulation of immunostimulatory and Th1\/Th17 cell-polarizing myeloid dendritic cells","volume":"129","author":"Zaba","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.05.016","article-title":"Lesional dendritic cells in patients with chronic atopic dermatitis and psoriasis exhibit parallel ability to activate T-cell subsets","volume":"128","author":"Fujita","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2015.10.004","article-title":"Natural killer cells from psoriasis vulgaris patients have reduced levels of cytotoxicity associated degranulation and cytokine production","volume":"177","author":"Dunphy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100804","article-title":"Identification of a novel proinflammatory human skin-homing Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell subset with a potential role in psoriasis","volume":"187","author":"Laggner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.98","article-title":"IL-23 from Langerhans cells is required for the development of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis by induction of IL-17A-producing gammadelta T cells","volume":"134","author":"Yoshiki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.216","article-title":"A new player on the psoriasis block: IL-17A- and IL-22-producing innate lymphoid cells","volume":"134","author":"Ward","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20175765","article-title":"The role of intradermal proliferation of T-cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"92","author":"Khairutdinov","year":"2017","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176994","article-title":"STAT2 is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by promoting CXCL11 and CCL5 production by keratinocytes","volume":"12","author":"Johansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.33","article-title":"Combined use of laser capture microdissection and cDNA microarray analysis identifies locally expressed disease-related genes in focal regions of psoriasis vulgaris skin lesions","volume":"132","author":"Mitsui","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1080\/09674845.2016.1207869","article-title":"Immunophenotyping of T cells in the peripheral circulation in psoriasis","volume":"73","author":"Priyadarssini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.003939-0","article-title":"T helper 1 to T helper 2 shift in cytokine expression: an autoregulatory process in superantigen-associated psoriasis progression?","volume":"58","author":"Jain","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_471_17","article-title":"Is there a correlation of serum and tissue T helper-1 and -2 cytokine profiles with psoriasis activity and severity? A cross-sectional study","volume":"84","author":"Khandpur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-010-1048-1","article-title":"Expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokine-associated transcription factors, T-bet and GATA-3, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and skin lesions of patients with psoriasis vulgaris","volume":"302","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-009-0939-5","article-title":"Osteopontin: a new emerging role in psoriasis","volume":"301","author":"Buommino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20186123","article-title":"The potential role of Th17 lymphocytes in patients with psoriasis","volume":"93","author":"Mansouri","year":"2018","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0435","first-page":"3188","article-title":"Interleukin-21 is associated with the severity of psoriasis vulgaris through promoting CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Th17 cells","volume":"8","author":"Ying Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0440","first-page":"1","article-title":"Notch1 signaling regulates the Th17\/Treg immune imbalance in patients with psoriasis vulgaris","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.12.024","article-title":"Unopposed IL-36 activity promotes clonal CD4+ T-cell responses with IL-17A production in generalized pustular psoriasis","volume":"138","author":"Arakawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.11.011","article-title":"Decreased expression of IL-27 in moderate-to-severe psoriasis and its anti-inflammation role in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model","volume":"85","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.02.003","article-title":"PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR activation and autophagy inhibition plays a key role in increased cholesterol during IL-17A mediated inflammatory response in psoriasis","volume":"1864","author":"Varshney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2757","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.308","article-title":"IL-19 is a component of the pathogenetic IL-23\/IL-17 cascade in psoriasis","volume":"134","author":"Witte","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3422","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1400513111","article-title":"IL-17 drives psoriatic inflammation via distinct, target cell-specific mechanisms","volume":"111","author":"Ha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0470","first-page":"1092","article-title":"Th17 cytokines interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 modulate distinct inflammatory and keratinocyte-response pathways","volume":"159","author":"Nograles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3007828","article-title":"Human TH9 cells are skin-tropic and have autocrine and paracrine proinflammatory capacity","volume":"6","author":"Schlapbach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7346030","article-title":"Activated circulating t follicular helper cells are associated with disease severity in patients with psoriasis","volume":"2016","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-016-1679-y","article-title":"Decreased PD-1 positive blood follicular helper T cells in patients with psoriasis","volume":"308","author":"Shin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803721","article-title":"IL-6 signaling in psoriasis prevents immune suppression by regulatory T cells","volume":"183","author":"Goodman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.11.007","article-title":"Impaired function of regulatory T cells in patients with psoriasis is mediated by phosphorylation of STAT3","volume":"81","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2017.06.002","article-title":"TCR(+)CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) effector T cells in psoriasis","volume":"181","author":"Brandt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.04.032","article-title":"The Spectrum of mild to severe psoriasis vulgaris is defined by a common activation of IL-17 pathway genes, but with key differences in immune regulatory genes","volume":"136","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/78020","article-title":"The expression of selected molecular markers of immune tolerance in psoriatic patients","volume":"27","author":"Bartosinska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2018.03.014","article-title":"Pathogenic role of tissue-resident memory T cells in autoimmune diseases","volume":"17","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.08.038","article-title":"Vitiligo skin is imprinted with resident memory CD8 t cells expressing CXCR3","volume":"138","author":"Boniface","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3111","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302313","article-title":"Epidermal Th22 and Tc17 cells form a localized disease memory in clinically healed psoriasis","volume":"192","author":"Cheuk","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545883","article-title":"Dermal IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells establish long-lived memory in the skin","volume":"45","author":"Hartwig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1359610119300024?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1359610119300024?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T10:55:24Z","timestamp":1761216924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1359610119300024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"references-count":106,"alternative-id":["S1359610119300024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-6101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-6101","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Emerging role of immune cell network in autoimmune skin disorders: An update on pemphigus, vitiligo and psoriasis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.01.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}