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Existing investigations in this area have been primarily conducted in older cognitively normal (CN) individuals. Therefore, not much is known about the associations between A\u03b2 burden, cortical thickness, and cognition in\u00a0midlife. We examined this question in 109, CN, late to middle\u2010aged adults (mean age\u00a0=\u00a060.72\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.65\u00a0years) from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. They underwent Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) and anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and a comprehensive cognitive examination. Blinded visual rating of the PiB scans was used to classify the participants as A\u03b2+ or A\u03b2\u2212. Cortical thickness measurements were derived from the MR images. The A\u03b2+ group exhibited significant thinning of the entorhinal cortex and accelerated age\u2010associated thinning of the parahippocampal gyrus compared with the A\u03b2\u2212 group. The A\u03b2+ group also had numerically lower, but nonsignificant, test scores on all cognitive measures, and significantly faster age\u2010associated cognitive decline on measures of Speed &amp; Flexibility, Verbal Ability, and Visuospatial Ability. Our findings suggest that early A\u03b2 aggregation is associated with deleterious changes in brain structure and cognitive function, even in midlife, and that the temporal lag between A\u03b2 deposition and the inception of neurodegenerative\/cognitive changes might be narrower than currently thought.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.01.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,24]],"date-time":"2015-04-24T15:25:51Z","timestamp":1429889151000},"page":"160-169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Amyloid burden, cortical thickness, and cognitive function in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Doherty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center William S. 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