{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T17:21:32Z","timestamp":1789924892534,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,31]],"date-time":"2015-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Virchow\u2010Robin spaces (VRS), or perivascular spaces, are compartments of interstitial fluid enclosing cerebral blood vessels and are potential imaging markers of various underlying brain pathologies. Despite a growing interest in the study of enlarged VRS, the heterogeneity in rating and quantification methods combined with small sample sizes have so far hampered advancement in the field.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Uniform Neuro\u2010Imaging of Virchow\u2010Robin Spaces Enlargement (UNIVRSE) consortium was established with primary aims to harmonize rating and analysis (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.uconsortium.org\">www.uconsortium.org<\/jats:ext-link>). The UNIVRSE consortium brings together 13 (sub)cohorts from five countries, totaling 16,000 subjects and over 25,000 scans. Eight different magnetic resonance imaging protocols were used in the consortium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>VRS rating was harmonized using a validated protocol that was developed by the two founding members, with high reliability independent of scanner type, rater experience, or concomitant brain pathology. Initial analyses revealed risk factors for enlarged VRS including increased age, sex, high blood pressure, brain infarcts, and white matter lesions, but this varied by brain region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early collaborative efforts between cohort studies with respect to data harmonization and joint analyses can advance the field of population (neuro)imaging. The UNIVRSE consortium will focus efforts on other potential correlates of enlarged VRS, including genetics, cognition, stroke, and dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.10.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]],"date-time":"2015-11-04T04:20:53Z","timestamp":1446610853000},"page":"513-520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["A priori collaboration in population imaging: The Uniform Neuro\u2010Imaging of Virchow\u2010Robin Spaces Enlargement consortium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Hieab H.H.","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saima","family":"Hilal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology National University of Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Memory Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Schwingenschuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Wittfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Site Rostock\/ Greifswald Greifswald Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven J.","family":"van der Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"DeCarli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience University of California at Davis Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meike W.","family":"Vernooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Katschnig\u2010Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Habes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany"},{"name":"Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Seshadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Framingham Heart Study Framingham MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelia M.","family":"van Duijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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