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Thus, impairment in familiarity is expected in very early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The apolipoprotein E (<jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>) \u03b54 allele is a major risk factor for AD. Here, we investigated the effect of the <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 status on familiarity in cognitively normal aging individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty\u2010one individuals aged between 55 and 80\u00a0years, 21 carriers and 60 noncarriers, were used in these analyses. A cognitive evaluation was performed on all participants to document the absence of objective cognitive deficits. The effect of <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 status on familiarity was tested using independent sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test and an analysis of covariance controlling for age, gender, and education.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The groups did not differ in term of age, education, and male\/female ratio. <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 carriers showed a significant reduction in familiarity. No other cognitive deficit was observed in the group of \u03b54 carriers, relative to noncarriers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 is associated with a reduction in familiarity in the absence of other cognitive deficits. These results suggest that performance in familiarity could represent an early cognitive marker for individuals at risk of AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.11.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,23]],"date-time":"2015-12-23T17:24:42Z","timestamp":1450891482000},"page":"132-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Selective familiarity deficits in otherwise cognitively intact aging individuals with genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Dorothee","family":"Schoemaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill Centre for Studies in Aging McGill University Montreal QC Canada"},{"name":"Douglas Hospital Research Centre Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judes","family":"Poirier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Douglas Hospital Research Centre Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Escobar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Douglas Hospital Research Centre Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill Centre for Studies in Aging McGill University Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Pruessner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill Centre for Studies in Aging McGill University Montreal QC Canada"},{"name":"Douglas Hospital Research Centre Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2007.04.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70291-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308809"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-14-04491.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(98)00007-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.191044198"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmla.2002.2864"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-014-9266-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-014-9265-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91705-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.11.4725"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400604"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8346443"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.263"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2009-1163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(82)90033-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","volume-title":"BAI, Beck anxiety inventory","author":"Beck A.T.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","volume-title":"Rey auditory verbal learning test: A handbook","author":"Schmidt M.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"206","article-title":"Le test de copie d'une figure complexe","volume":"30","author":"Osterrieth P.A.","year":"1944","journal-title":"Arch Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Normative data stratified by age and education for two measures of verbal fluency: FAS and animal naming","volume":"14","author":"Tombaugh T.N.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","volume-title":"Trail Making Test: Manual for administration and scoring","author":"Reitan R.M.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","volume-title":"Symbol digit modalities test: SDMT","author":"Smith A.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","volume-title":"Boston naming test: Pro\u2010ed; 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