{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T22:53:18Z","timestamp":1767826398220,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NN303 3177 33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NN303 3177 33"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NN303 5034 38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NN303 5034 38"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NN303 5957 39"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NN303 5957 39"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NN303 5036 38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NN303 5036 38"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental & Comparative Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]],"date-time":"2016-05-27T04:48:35Z","timestamp":1464324515000},"page":"130-138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Avian biological clock \u2013 Immune system relationship"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Markowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142 M.","family":"Majewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krystyna","family":"Skwar\u0142o-So\u0144ta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730413494561","article-title":"Environmental circadian disruption elevates the IL-6 response to lipopolysaccharide in blood","volume":"28","author":"Adams","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Rhythm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.08.007","article-title":"Immunity\u2019s fourth dimension: approaching the circadian-immune connection","volume":"33","author":"Arjona","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2003-0121","article-title":"Transcriptional profiling of the chick pineal gland, a photoreceptive circadian oscillator and pacemaker","volume":"17","author":"Bailey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(82)90130-2","article-title":"Elicitation of peritoneal polymorphonuclear neutrophils from mice","volume":"49","author":"Baron","year":"1982","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014833030530","article-title":"Effect of stress and dexamethasone treatment on circadian rhythms of melatonin and corticosterone in ring dove (Streptopelia risoria)","volume":"232","author":"Barriga","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1633","article-title":"Circadian rhythms from multiple oscillators: lessons from diverse organisms","volume":"6","author":"Bell-Pedersen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2007.10.001","article-title":"A\u00a0two-clock model of circadian timing in the immune system of mammals","volume":"56","author":"Berger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pathol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067262","article-title":"Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock","volume":"295","author":"Berson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8638","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14048638","article-title":"Melatonin: buffering the immune system","volume":"14","author":"Carrillo-Vico","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular basis for defining the pineal gland and pinealocytes as targets for tumor necrosis factor","volume":"2","author":"Carvalho-Sousa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Endorinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2013.10.002","article-title":"Avian circadian organization: a chorus of clocks","volume":"35","author":"Cassone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2013.782315","article-title":"Crosstalk between the circadian clock circuitry and the immune system","volume":"30","author":"Cermakian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-014-0286-x","article-title":"Circadian clocks and inflammation: reciprocal regulation and shared mediators","volume":"62","author":"Cermakian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5648","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0804","article-title":"Minireview: entrainment of the suprachiasmatic clockwork in diurnal and nocturnal mammals","volume":"148","author":"Challet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2004.08.001","article-title":"The basic physiology and pathophysiology of melatonin","volume":"9","author":"Claustrat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep. Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.07.087","article-title":"Neuroimmunology of the circadian clock","volume":"1232","author":"Coogan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2008.03978.x","article-title":"The immune-pineal axis: stress as a modulator of pineal gland function","volume":"1153","author":"Couto-Moraes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib17","first-page":"183","article-title":"TLR4 and CD14 receptors expressed in rat pineal gland trigger NFKB pathway","volume":"49","author":"da Silveira Cruz-Machado","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0076","article-title":"Nocturnal melatonin synthesis: how to stop it","volume":"148","author":"Falcon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01817.x","article-title":"Local corticosterone infusion enhances nocturnal pineal melatonin production in\u00a0vivo","volume":"21","author":"Fernandes","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2006.00373.x","article-title":"Effect of TNF-alpha on the melatonin synthetic pathway in the rat pineal gland: basis for a \u2019feedback\u2019 of the immune response on circadian timing","volume":"41","author":"Fernandes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12525","article-title":"Chrono-immunology: progress and challenges in understanding links between the circadian and immune systems","volume":"146","author":"Geiger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0730979","article-title":"The bursa of Fabricius: the evolution of a discovery","volume":"73","author":"Glick","year":"1994","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00627.x","article-title":"Posttranslational regulation of TPH1 is responsible for the nightly surge of 5-HT output in the rat pineal gland","volume":"45","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.06.040","article-title":"Circadian clocks and the measurement of daylength in seasonal reproduction","volume":"349","author":"Ikegami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03154","article-title":"Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution","volume":"432","author":"International Chicken Genome Sequencing","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb56845.x","article-title":"Pineal gland and immune system. Immune functions in the chick embryo pinealectomized at 96 hours of incubation","volume":"719","author":"Jankovic","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(94)90053-1","article-title":"Melatonin replacement nullifies the effect of light-induced functional pinealectomy on nociceptive rhythm in the rat","volume":"55","author":"John","year":"1994","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2010.508777","article-title":"Advances in avian immunology\u2013prospects for disease control: a review","volume":"39","author":"Kaiser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2012.735359","article-title":"The long view: a bright past, a brighter future? Forty years of chicken immunology pre- and post-genome","volume":"41","author":"Kaiser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2008.12.015","article-title":"Modulation of metabolic and clock gene mRNA rhythms by pineal and retinal circadian oscillators","volume":"161","author":"Karaganis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-206","article-title":"Circadian genomics of the chick pineal gland in\u00a0vitro","volume":"9","author":"Karaganis","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.01.001","article-title":"What chickens would tell you about the evolution of antigen processing and presentation","volume":"34","author":"Kaufman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(97)01164-4","article-title":"Macrophages\/microglia as \u2019sensors\u2019 of injury in the pineal gland of rats following a non-penetrative blast","volume":"27","author":"Kaur","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2010.00883.x","article-title":"Photoperiod regulates lung-associated immunological parameters and melatonin receptor (Mel1a and Mel1b) in lungs of a tropical bird, Perdicula asiatica","volume":"87","author":"Kharwar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.07.010","article-title":"Pineal function: impact of microarray analysis","volume":"314","author":"Klein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931562","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/931562","article-title":"Inflammatory mediator profiling reveals immune properties of chemotactic gradients and macrophage mediator production inhibition during thioglycollate elicited peritoneal inflammation","volume":"2013","author":"Lam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.46.2.448-452.1984","article-title":"Effect of thioglycolate on phagocytic and microbicidal activities of peritoneal macrophages","volume":"46","author":"Leijh","year":"1984","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21042","article-title":"Suprachiasmatic astrocytes as an interface for immune-circadian signalling","volume":"84","author":"Leone","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s000110050717","article-title":"Interaction between the adrenal and the pineal gland in chronic experimental inflammation induced by BCG in mice","volume":"50","author":"Lopes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2005.00214.x","article-title":"Seasonality of pineal gland activity and immune functions in chickens","volume":"39","author":"Majewski","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.04.062","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and opioid-mediated effects of melatonin on experimental peritonitis in chickens","volume":"76","author":"Majewski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib41","first-page":"161","article-title":"Effect of morphine on thioglycollate-induced peritonitis in chickens","volume":"23","author":"Majewski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3233\/NIB-2012-012033","article-title":"Pineal gland and melatonin: impact on the seasonality of immune defence in mammals and birds","volume":"3","author":"Majewski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Neuroimmune Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib43","series-title":"The 9th International Congress of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry from Molecules to Macrophysiology, Krakow, Poland","article-title":"Does the local inflmmatin can be stil defied as local?","author":"Markowska","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib44","first-page":"367","article-title":"Effect of immunization on nocturnal NAT activity in chicken pineal gland","volume":"21","author":"Markowska","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1159\/000110635","article-title":"The immune-pineal axis: a shuttle between endocrine and paracrine melatonin sources","volume":"14","author":"Markus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-7-1","article-title":"Characterization of lymphocyte subsets over a 24-hour period in Pineal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (PALT) in the chicken","volume":"7","author":"Mosenson","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2199-11-104","article-title":"Inflammation in the avian spleen: timing is everything","volume":"11","author":"Naidu","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-305X(84)90068-5","article-title":"Lymphopineal tissue in the chicken","volume":"8","author":"Olah","year":"1984","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2013.03.007","article-title":"Retrospection to discovery of bursal function and recognition of avian dendritic cells; past and present","volume":"41","author":"Olah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2014.886588","article-title":"Modulation of mammalian circadian rhythms by tumor necrosis factor-alpha","volume":"31","author":"Paladino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.08.013","article-title":"Pineal arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (Aanat) gene expression as a target of inflammatory mediators in the chicken","volume":"179","author":"Piesiewicz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2014.955185","article-title":"Seasonal postembryonic maturation of the diurnal rhythm of serotonin in the chicken pineal gland","volume":"32","author":"Piesiewicz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01923947","article-title":"The melatonin rhythm: both a clock and a calendar","volume":"49","author":"Reiter","year":"1993","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1991.tb00815.x","article-title":"Pineal influence on the diurnal rhythm of nonspecific immunity indices in chickens","volume":"10","author":"Rosolowska-Huszcz","year":"1991","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1356.028","article-title":"Mechanisms regulating melatonin synthesis in the mammalian pineal organ","volume":"1057","author":"Schomerus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.71.3.410","article-title":"Thioglycollate peritonitis in mice lacking C5, 5-lipoxygenase, or p47(phox): complement, leukotrienes, and reactive oxidants in acute inflammation","volume":"71","author":"Segal","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1327.024","article-title":"Photoperiodic regulation of seasonal breeding in birds","volume":"1040","author":"Sharp","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04900.x","article-title":"Circadian phosphorylation of ATF-2, a potential activator of Period2 gene transcription in the chick pineal gland","volume":"103","author":"Shimizu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2009-00483","article-title":"Understanding stress-induced immunosuppression: exploration of cytokine and chemokine gene profiles in chicken peripheral leukocytes","volume":"89","author":"Shini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.55.2.2","article-title":"Generation of the melatonin endocrine message in mammals: a review of the complex regulation of melatonin synthesis by norepinephrine, peptides, and other pineal transmitters","volume":"55","author":"Simonneaux","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2008.07.008","article-title":"Diurnal variation in the cellular and humoral immune responses of Japanese quail: role of melatonin","volume":"158","author":"Siopes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib62","series-title":"Treatise on Pineal Gland and Melatonin","first-page":"225","article-title":"Bimodal effects of melatonin on the inflammatory reaction in young chickens","author":"Skwarlo-Sonta","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1139\/y03-026","article-title":"Bidirectional communication between the pineal gland and the immune system","volume":"81","author":"Skwarlo-Sonta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib64","series-title":"Melatonin: from Molecules to Therapy","first-page":"247","article-title":"Photoperiodic vs. non-photoperiodic animals \u2013 circadian and seasonal changes in immunity","author":"Skwarlo-Sonta","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1991.tb00006.x","article-title":"Effect of dose and time of melatonin injections on the diurnal rhythm of immunity in chicken","volume":"10","author":"Skwarlo-Sonta","year":"1991","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1992.tb00022.x","article-title":"Exogenous melatonin modifies the circadian rhythm but does not increase the level of some immune parameters in the chicken","volume":"12","author":"Skwarlo-Sonta","year":"1992","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0120","article-title":"Electric light, particularly at night, disrupts human circadian rhythmicity: is that a problem?","volume":"370","author":"Stevens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.60.1.8","article-title":"Endotoxin signal transduction in macrophages","volume":"60","author":"Sweet","year":"1996","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib69","article-title":"Seasonality of inflammation in the chicken: clock vs. melatonin control over the pro-infl ammatory cytokine gene transcription","author":"Turkowska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Rhythm Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2013.832279","article-title":"Pineal oscillator functioning in the chicken-effect of photoperiod and melatonin","volume":"31","author":"Turkowska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib71","first-page":"79","article-title":"Diurnal and seasonal changes in IL-6 and IL-18 gene expression in blood leukocytes of male chickens with experimental peritonitis: the impact of lighting conditions and melatonin","volume":"22","author":"Turkowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Anim. Feed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091990208","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of lymphocytes in rat pineal gland: selective accumulation of T lymphocytes","volume":"199","author":"Uede","year":"1981","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.1068","article-title":"Circadian organization and the role of the pineal in birds","volume":"53","author":"Underwood","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2014.02.008","article-title":"The role of the pineal gland in the photoperiodic control of bird song frequency and repertoire in the house sparrow, Passer domesticus","volume":"65","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00500.x","article-title":"Diurnal differences in melatonin effect on intracellular Ca2+ concentration in chicken spleen leukocytes in\u00a0vitro","volume":"44","author":"Wronka","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2011.05.012","article-title":"Antigen presenting cells in a non-mammalian model system, the chicken","volume":"216","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zool.2014.01.003","article-title":"Experimentally induced stress, oxidative load and changes in immunity in a tropical wild bird, Perdicula asiatica: involvement of melatonin and glucocorticoid receptors","volume":"117","author":"Yadav","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zoology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0742315.x","article-title":"Chick pineal melatonin synthesis: light and cyclic AMP control abundance of serotonin N-acetyltransferase protein","volume":"74","author":"Zatz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)91553-3","article-title":"Norepinephrine, acting via adenylate cyclase, inhibits melatonin output but does not phase-shift the pacemaker in cultured chick pineal cells","volume":"450","author":"Zatz","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brain Res."}],"container-title":["Developmental & Comparative Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X16301690?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X16301690?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T05:12:34Z","timestamp":1718601154000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145305X16301690"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["S0145305X16301690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-305X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-305X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Avian biological clock \u2013 Immune system relationship","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Developmental & Comparative Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2016.05.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}