{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T11:42:44Z","timestamp":1782992564552,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental &amp; Comparative Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,4]],"date-time":"2016-11-04T17:17:33Z","timestamp":1478279853000},"page":"30-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The upregulation of immune responses in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) silenced Litopenaeus vannamei"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Ratchaneegorn","family":"Mapanao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin-Chyuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winton","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Norepinephrine and octopamine: linking stress and immune function across phyla","volume":"5","author":"Adamo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invert. Surv. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-4648(06)80020-3","article-title":"Response of penaeid shrimp to exposure to Vibrio species","volume":"1","author":"Adams","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)74509-2","article-title":"Colorimetric determination of the components of 3,4 dihydroxyphenylanine-tyrosine mixtures","volume":"118","author":"Arnow","year":"1937","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(92)90102-J","article-title":"Octopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine enhance the phagocytic and nodule formation activities of cockroach (Periplaneta Americana) haemocytes","volume":"38","author":"Baines","year":"1992","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Insect Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-305X(93)90040-W","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro superoxide production by hyaline cells of the shore crab Carcinus maenas (L.)","volume":"17","author":"Bell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A\u00a0rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein using the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112797","article-title":"The MIQE guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments","volume":"55","author":"Bustin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2009.08.010","article-title":"Cold shock-induced norepinephrine triggers apoptosis of haemocytes via caspase-3 in the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei","volume":"27","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2012.08.004","article-title":"Norepinephrine regulates prophenoloxidase system-related parameters and gene expressions via \u03b1- and \u03b2-adrenergic receptors in Litopenaeus vannamei","volume":"33","author":"Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2015.12.046","article-title":"Roles of dopamine receptors in mediating acute modulation of immunological responses in Macrobrachium rosenbergii","volume":"49","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2005.03.002","article-title":"Effects of dopamine on the immunity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei","volume":"19","author":"Cheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2005.09.003","article-title":"Noradrenaline modulates the immunity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei","volume":"21","author":"Cheng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2005.06.011","article-title":"Dopamine induces transient modulation of the physiological responses of whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei","volume":"251","author":"Chiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2006.11.010","article-title":"Immune responses and gene expression in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, induced by Lactobacillus plantarum","volume":"23","author":"Chiu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib15","first-page":"195","article-title":"Identification and quantitative measurements of biogenic amines and dopa in the central nervous system and haemolymph of the crayfish Pacifastacus lenuiusculus (Crustacea)","volume":"71C","author":"Elofsson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib16","first-page":"343","article-title":"Control of the release of crustacean hormones by neuroregulators","volume":"102C","author":"Fingerman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1038\/35888","article-title":"Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"391","author":"Fire","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06185","article-title":"Phagocyte-derived catecholamines enhance acute inflammatory injury","volume":"449","author":"Flierl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2007.08.006","article-title":"Characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase from Manduca sexta","volume":"37","author":"Gorman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Insect Biochem. Molec. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib20","first-page":"61","article-title":"Activation of the prophenoloxidase system of the brown shrimp (Penaeus californiensis Holmes)","volume":"113C","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-L\u00f3pez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2005.12.009","article-title":"Involvement of norepinephrine in the hyperglycemic responses of the freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, under cold shock","volume":"143A","author":"Hsieh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(89)90139-7","article-title":"Cellular immunity in crustaceans and the proPO system","volume":"5","author":"Johansson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Parasitol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2731","article-title":"Peroxinectin, a novel cell adhesion protein from crayfish blood","volume":"216","author":"Johansson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib24","first-page":"103","article-title":"Tyrosine hydroxylase","volume":"70","author":"Kaufman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib25","series-title":"Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects","article-title":"Storage and release of catecholamines","author":"Kuhar","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s003600050192","article-title":"Hyperglycaemic responses to cold shock in the freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii","volume":"169B","author":"Kuo","year":"1999","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0044-8486(95)01011-4","article-title":"Hyperglycaemic effects of dopamine in tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon","volume":"135","author":"Kuo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.2.1337","article-title":"A\u00a0lipopolysaccharide-and \u03b2-1,3-glucan-binding protein from hemocytes of the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leninusculus. Purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning","volume":"275","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-4648(03)00113-X","article-title":"Effect of ammonia on the immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticus","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2006.09.002","article-title":"Identification and cloning of the antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidase, of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and its expression following Vibrio alginolyticus infection","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2016.08.016","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) from the pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, and its expression following pathogen challenge and hypothermal stress","volume":"56","author":"Mapanao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib34","first-page":"517","article-title":"Localization and roles of coagulogen and transglutaminase in hemolymph coagulation in decapod crustaceans","volume":"100B","author":"Martin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1080\/11250003.2011.600729","article-title":"Role of protein kinases C (PKC) in the relationship between the neuroendocrine and immune systems in marine mussels: the model of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamark (1819)","volume":"79","author":"Ramos Mart\u00edNez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ital. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.2307\/1541194","article-title":"The influence of inorganic ions and acclimation salinity of hemocyanin oxygen binding in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus","volume":"164","author":"Mason","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(00)00420-8","article-title":"Measurement of reactive oxygen intermediate production in haemocytes of the penaeid shrimp, Penaeus vannamei","volume":"191","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib38","first-page":"15","article-title":"Tyrosine hydroxylase: human isoforms, structure and regulation in physiology and pathology","volume":"30","author":"Nagatsu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2910","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)93832-9","article-title":"Tyrosine hydroxylase. the initial step in norepinephrine biosynthesis","volume":"239","author":"Nagatsu","year":"1964","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(95)00049-6","article-title":"The neuroimmunology of stress from invertebrates to man","volume":"48","author":"Ottaviani","year":"1996","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps and prawns of the world. Keys and diagnoses for the families and genera","volume":"175","author":"P\u00e9rez Farfante","year":"1997","journal-title":"M\u00e9moires du Mus\u00e9um Natl. d'Histoire Nat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)62351-7","article-title":"Invertebrate immunity: basic concepts and recent advances","volume":"97","author":"Ratcliffe","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-305X(02)00097-6","article-title":"Identification of immunorelevant genes from greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) by subtractive hybridization approach","volume":"27","author":"Seitz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)76979-8","article-title":"Solubilization and partial purification of tyrosine hydroxylase from bovine adrenal medulla","volume":"246","author":"Shiman","year":"1971","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00422876","article-title":"Invertebrate immunology: phylogenetic, ecotoxicological and biomedical implication","volume":"1","author":"Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"Comp. Haematol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-4648(06)80024-0","article-title":"Non-cellular immunity in crustaceans","volume":"2","author":"Smith","year":"1992","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib47","first-page":"636","article-title":"\u03b2-1.3-glucan induced cellular defense reaction in the shore crab, Carcinus maenas","volume":"77A","author":"Smith","year":"1984","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib48","series-title":"New Directions in Invertebrate Immunology","first-page":"229","article-title":"The prophenoloxidase activating system in invertebrates","author":"S\u00f6derh\u00e4ll","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-305X(94)90012-4","article-title":"Immunostimulation of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) hemocytes for generation of microbicidal substances: analysis of reactive oxygen species","volume":"18","author":"Song","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6307","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.16.6307","article-title":"Stimulatory effects of opioid neuropeptides on locomotory activity and conformational changes in invertebrate and human immunocytes: evidence for a subtype of \u03b4 receptor","volume":"86","author":"Stefano","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10271","article-title":"Dopamine in crayfish and other crustaceans: distribution in the central nervous system and physiological functions","volume":"60","author":"Tierney","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.09.018","article-title":"Alterations in the levels and distribution of octopamine in the central nervous system and ovary of the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and its possible role in ovarian development","volume":"210","author":"Tinikul","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2011(89)90075-X","article-title":"Haemocytes of penaeids and palaemonid shrimps: morphology, cytochemistry and hemograms","volume":"53","author":"Tsing","year":"1989","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Inverte. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1006\/fsim.2001.0369","article-title":"The role of the haematopoietic tissue in haemocyte production and maturation in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)","volume":"12","author":"Van de Braak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2013.09.002","article-title":"Identification and cloning of the second type transglutaminase from Litopenaeus vannamei, and its transcription following pathogen infection and in relation to the haemolymph coagulation","volume":"35","author":"Yeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2005.11.003","article-title":"Norepinephrine induces transient modulation of the physiological responses of whiteleg shrimp","volume":"254","author":"Yeh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Litopenaeus Vannamei. Aquac."}],"container-title":["Developmental &amp; Comparative Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X16303949?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X16303949?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T12:33:02Z","timestamp":1620995582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145305X16303949"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S0145305X16303949"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-305X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-305X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The upregulation of immune responses in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) silenced Litopenaeus vannamei","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Developmental & Comparative Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2016.11.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}