{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:16:51Z","timestamp":1777900611975,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-67011-35228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-67011-35228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006225","name":"Oak Ridge Associated Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0500-00093-001-00-D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0500-00093-001-00-D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006225","name":"Oak Ridge Associated Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-SC0014664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC0014664"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006229","name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006229","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007917","name":"Agricultural Research Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5030-3200-225-00D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5030-3200-225-00D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental & Comparative Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T21:10:24Z","timestamp":1668805824000},"page":"104590","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Intestinal location- and age-specific variation of intraepithelial T lymphocytes and mucosal microbiota in pigs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"139","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9538-2720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayne E.","family":"Wiarda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah R.","family":"Watkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas K.","family":"Gabler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Crystal L.","family":"Loving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2014.07.001","article-title":"Impact of a probiotic Bacillus cereus strain on the jejunal epithelial barrier and on the NKG2D expressing immune cells during the weaning phase of piglets","volume":"161","author":"Altmeyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2017.03.005","article-title":"The expression of NKG2D on porcine IEL and its possible relation to the adaptive intestinal immune system","volume":"187","author":"Altmeyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.24350","article-title":"Integration, exploration, and analysis of high-dimensional single-cell cytometry data using Spectre","volume":"101","author":"Ashhurst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233910","article-title":"Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides supplementation to suckling piglets: assessment of pre- and post-weaning performance and gut health","volume":"15","author":"Ayuso","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4219","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.6.4219","article-title":"Elevated numbers of Fc\u03b3RIIIA+ (CD16+) effector CD8 T cells with NK cell-like function in chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"181","author":"Bj\u00f6rkstr\u00f6m","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(92)90008-D","article-title":"CD16 on human \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes: expression, function, and specificity for mouse IgG isotypes","volume":"143","author":"Braakman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2527\/2006.843567x","article-title":"Ontogeny of T lymphocytes and intestinal morphological characteristics of neonatal pigs at different ages in the postnatal period","volume":"84","author":"Brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869","article-title":"DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data","volume":"13","author":"Callahan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3007","article-title":"The light and dark sides of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes","volume":"11","author":"Cheroutre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-06-363655","article-title":"Antibody-dependent anti-cytomegalovirus activity of human \u03b3\u03b4 T cells expressing CD16 (Fc\u03b3RIIIa)","volume":"119","author":"Couzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib11","article-title":"Characterization of bacterial microbiota compositions along the intestinal tract in pigs and their interactions and functions","volume":"8","author":"Crespo-Pialuelo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(97)00085-8","article-title":"Establishment and characterization of porcine cytolytic cell lines and clones","volume":"59","author":"de Bruin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4230","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.7.4230","article-title":"Mouse TCR\u03b1\u03b2+CD8\u03b1\u03b1 intraepithelial lymphocytes express genes that down-regulate their antigen reactivity and suppress immune responses","volume":"178","author":"Denning","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0491(94)90130-9","article-title":"Glutamine and glucose metabolism in intraepithelial lymphocytes from pre-and post-weaning pigs","volume":"109","author":"Dugan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib15","series-title":"Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching","author":"Federation of Animal Science Societies (FASS)","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12915","article-title":"\u03b3\u03b4 T cell migration: separating trafficking from surveillance behaviors at barrier surfaces","volume":"298","author":"Fischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3461768","article-title":"Effect of probiotics and herbal products on intestinal histomorphological and immunological development in piglets","volume":"2020","author":"Galina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.12.040","article-title":"Complement activation induces excessive T cell cytotoxicity in severe COVID-19","volume":"185","author":"Georg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2008.06.003","article-title":"Porcine T lymphocytes and NK cells - an update","volume":"33","author":"Gerner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-animal-013120-044226","article-title":"Local and systemic T cell immunity in fighting pig viral and bacterial infections","volume":"10","author":"Gerner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2015.01.004","article-title":"Porcine models of digestive disease: the future of large animal translational research","volume":"166","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260942","article-title":"Complexity of the mouse gut T cell immune system: identification of two distinct natural killer T cell intraepithelial lineages","volume":"26","author":"Guy-Grand","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.689406","article-title":"Reference transcriptomes of porcine peripheral immune cells created through bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing","volume":"12","author":"Herrera-Uribe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.05.073","article-title":"Intraepithelial lymphocytes","volume":"27","author":"Hoytema van Konijnenburg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2019.52.11.267","article-title":"Severe combined immunodeficiency pig as an emerging animal model for human diseases and regenerative medicines","volume":"52","author":"Iqbal","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMB Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830200523","article-title":"Subsets of CD3+ (T cell receptor \u03b1\/\u03b2 or \u03b3\/\u03b4) and CD3\u2212 lymphocytes isolated from normal human gut epithelium display phenotypical features different from their counterparts in peripheral blood","volume":"20","author":"Jarry","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.a2020.0148","article-title":"Lymphocyte subsets in the small intestine of piglets fed with probiotic and zinc: a qualitative and quantitative micro-anatomical study","volume":"81","author":"Kalita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Folia Morphol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.04.004","article-title":"Swine as biomedical animal model for T-cell research\u2014success and potential for transmittable and non-transmittable human diseases","volume":"135","author":"K\u00e4ser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib29","author":"Kassambara"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11082165","article-title":"Comprehensive transcriptomic comparison between porcine CD8\u2212 and CD8+ gamma delta T cells revealed distinct immune phenotype","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","article-title":"Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony","volume":"16","author":"Korsunsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5112","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01043-13","article-title":"Development of a dual-index sequencing strategy and curation pipeline for analyzing amplicon sequence data on the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform","volume":"79","author":"Kozich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib33","author":"Krijthe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.849922","article-title":"Transcriptome profiling of porcine na\u00efve, intermediate and terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells","volume":"13","author":"Lagumdzic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03205-2","article-title":"Porcine intraepithelial lymphocytes undergo migration and produce an antiviral response following intestinal virus infection","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3453","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40235-z","article-title":"Examination of the temporal and spatial dynamics of the gut microbiome in newborn piglets reveals distinct microbial communities in six intestinal segments","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3514","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17041-7","article-title":"Analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"621","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd5758","article-title":"Importance of the pig as a human biomedical model","volume":"13","author":"Lunney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343751","article-title":"The who's who of T-cell differentiation: human memory T-cell subsets","volume":"43","author":"Mahnke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00263","article-title":"Porcine CD3(+)NKp46(+) lymphocytes have NK-cell characteristics and are present in increased frequencies in the lungs of influenza-infected animals","volume":"7","author":"Mair","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib41","first-page":"555","article-title":"Phenotypic heterogeneity of intraepithelial T lymphocytes from mouse small intestine","volume":"72","author":"Maloy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2005-509","article-title":"Effects of butyrate, avilamycin, and a plant extract combination on the intestinal equilibrium of early-weaned pigs","volume":"84","author":"Manzanilla","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2757","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.9.2757","article-title":"Absolute counts and distribution of lymphocyte subsets in small intestine of BALB\/c mice change during weaning","volume":"132","author":"Manzano","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"5512","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1058867","article-title":"Preferential localization of effector memory cells in nonlymphoid tissue","volume":"291","author":"Masopust","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-018-0016-5","article-title":"Human intraepithelial lymphocytes","volume":"11","author":"Mayassi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.07.008","article-title":"Elevated T cell receptor signaling identifies a thymic precursor the the TCRab(+)CD4(-)CD8b(-) intraepithelial lymphocyte lineage","volume":"41","author":"McDonald","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3738","article-title":"Regional specialization within the intestinal immune system","volume":"14","author":"Mowat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0521-5","article-title":"IDTAXA: a novel approach for accurate taxonomic classification of microbiome sequences","volume":"6","author":"Murali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2005-414","article-title":"Effects of spray-dried porcine plasma and plant extracts on intestinal morphology and on leukocyte cell subsets of weaned pigs","volume":"84","author":"Nofrar\u00edas","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2007.08.016","article-title":"Long-term intake of resistant starch improves colonic mucosal integrity and reduces gut apoptosis and blood immune cells","volume":"23","author":"Nofrar\u00edas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib51","series-title":"Vegan: an R Package for Community Ecologists","author":"Oksanen","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.11.003","article-title":"Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes: sentinels of the mucosal barrier","volume":"39","author":"Olivares-Villag\u00f3mez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4229","article-title":"A standardized bacterial taxonomy based on genome phylogeny substantially revises the tree of life","volume":"36","author":"Parks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2292","article-title":"Clonal deletion and the fate of autoreactive thymocytes that survive negative selection","volume":"13","author":"Pobezinsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29245\/2572-9411\/2017\/3.1103","article-title":"SCID pigs: an emerging large animal NK model","volume":"2","author":"Powell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Rare Dis. Res. Treat."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2012.0162","article-title":"Effects of intraepithelial lymphocyte-derived cytokines on intestinal mucosal barrier function","volume":"33","author":"Qiu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-021-00550-0","article-title":"Analyzing high-dimensional cytometry data using FlowSOM","volume":"16","author":"Quintelier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2012.06.011","article-title":"Porcine CD27: identification, expression and functional aspects in lymphocyte subsets in swine","volume":"38","author":"Reutner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-44-18","article-title":"CD27 expression discriminates porcine T helper cells with functionally distinct properties","volume":"44","author":"Reutner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.02.022","article-title":"Expression of T-bet, Eomesodermin and GATA-3 in porcine \u03b1\u03b2 T cells","volume":"60","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-G\u00f3mez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00396","article-title":"Expression of T-bet, eomesodermin, and GATA-3 correlates with distinct phenotypes and functional properties in porcine \u03b3\u03b4 T cells","volume":"10","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-G\u00f3mez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib62","first-page":"103","article-title":"Lymphocyte subsets in jejunal and ileal Peyer's patches of normal and gnotobiotic minipigs","volume":"67","author":"Rothk\u00f6tter","year":"1989","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199103000-00004","article-title":"The postnatal development of gut lamina propria lymphocytes: number, proliferation, and T and B cell subsets in conventional and germ-free pigs","volume":"29","author":"Rothk\u00f6tter","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.11.1582","article-title":"Lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells in the epithelium and lamina propria of intestinal mucosa of pigs","volume":"35","author":"Rothk\u00f6tter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1999.00557.x","article-title":"The influence of age and breeding conditions on the number and proliferation of intraepithelial lymphocytes in pigs","volume":"50","author":"Rothk\u00f6tter","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3751","article-title":"CD8\u03b1\u03b1 intraepithelial lymphocytes arise from two main thymic precursors","volume":"18","author":"Ruscher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5696","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-6382","article-title":"Bacillus cereus var. Toyoi modulates the immune reaction and reduces the occurrence of diarrhea in piglets challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium DT104","volume":"91","author":"Scharek-Tedin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2014.02.008","article-title":"CD2 and CD8\u03b1 define porcine \u03b3\u03b4 T cells with distinct cytokine production profiles","volume":"45","author":"Sedlak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2014.07.007","article-title":"IL-12 and IL-18 induce interferon-\u03b3 production and de novo CD2 expression in porcine \u03b3\u03b4 T cells","volume":"47","author":"Sedlak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-010-0148-6","article-title":"Intraepithelial lymphocytes: to serve and protect","volume":"12","author":"Sheridan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib71","first-page":"121","article-title":"The neonatal development of intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes in the murine small intestine","volume":"5","author":"Steege","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dev. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2011.11.003","article-title":"The expression of CD25, CD11b, SWC1, SWC7, MHC-II, and family of CD45 molecules can be used to characterize different stages of \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes in pigs","volume":"36","author":"St\u011bp\u00e1nov\u00e1","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202890","article-title":"Porcine \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes can be categorized into two functionally and developmentally distinct subsets according to expression of CD2 and level of TCR","volume":"190","author":"St\u011bp\u00e1nov\u00e1","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/25785826.2019.1658516","article-title":"Dynamics and clinical significance of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes","volume":"42","author":"Sumida","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunol. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00163-19","article-title":"The impact of DNA polymerase and number of rounds of amplification in PCR on 16S rRNA gene sequence data","volume":"4","author":"Sze","year":"2022","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3736","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.11.3736","article-title":"Novel function for intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Murine CD3+, gamma\/delta TCR+ T cells produce IFN-gamma and IL-5","volume":"147","author":"Taguchi","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(02)00083-1","article-title":"A sub-population of circulating porcine \u03b3\u03b4 T cells can act as professional antigen presenting cells","volume":"87","author":"Takamatsu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2013.01.003","article-title":"Phenotypic maturation of porcine NK- and T-cell subsets","volume":"40","author":"Talker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib79","series-title":"Funfuns: A Collection of Functions I Use for Data Analysis","author":"Trachsel","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib80","first-page":"32","article-title":"Expansion of alpha beta T-cell receptor-bearing intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes after microbial colonization in germ-free mice and its independence from thymus","volume":"79","author":"Umesaki","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-020-0294-6","article-title":"Mechanisms of activation of innate-like intraepithelial T lymphocytes","volume":"13","author":"Vandereyken","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.2217\/imt.15.32","article-title":"Targeting the T-cell co-stimulatory CD27\/CD70 pathway in cancer immunotherapy: rationale and potential","volume":"7","author":"van de Ven","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22625","article-title":"FlowSOM: using self-organizing maps for visualization and interpretation of cytometry data","volume":"87","author":"Van Gassen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701704","article-title":"Development, homeostasis, and functions of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes","volume":"200","author":"Van Kaer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(93)90015-V","article-title":"Immune cell distribution in the small intestine of the pig: immunohistological evidence for an organized compartmentalization in the lamina propria","volume":"37","author":"Vega-L\u00f3pez","year":"1993","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(94)05309-G","article-title":"Effect of early weaning on the development of immune cells in the pig small intestine","volume":"44","author":"Vega-L\u00f3pez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib87","first-page":"147","article-title":"Development of intraepithelial cells in the porcine small -intestine","volume":"8","author":"Vega-L\u00f3pez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196458","article-title":"Neuropeptides and lymphocyte populations in the porcine ileum and ileocecal lymph nodes during postnatal life","volume":"13","author":"Wasowicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2012.01.010","article-title":"Characterization of immune modulating functions of \u03b3\u03b4 T cell subsets in a gnotobiotic pig model of human rotavirus infection","volume":"35","author":"Wen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01139","article-title":"Intraepithelial T cells diverge by intestinal location as pigs age","volume":"11","author":"Wiarda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib91","article-title":"Intestinal single-cell atlas reveals novel lymphocytes in pigs with similarities to human cells","volume":"5","author":"Wiarda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life Sci. Allicance"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib92","first-page":"621","article-title":"Responses of intraepithelial lymphocytes to T-cell mitogens: a comparison between murine and porcine responses","volume":"58","author":"Wilson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib93","first-page":"109","article-title":"Morphology and functional characteristics of isolated porcine intraepithelial lymphocytes","volume":"59","author":"Wilson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-705.x","article-title":"Phenotypic classification of porcine lymphocyte subpopulations in blood and lymphoid tissues","volume":"89","author":"Yang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1997.00308.x","article-title":"Differential expression of CD8 epitopes amongst porcine CD8-positive functional lymphocyte subsets","volume":"92","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117441","article-title":"The dynamic distribution of porcine microbiota across different ages and gastrointestinal tract segments","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2016.09.003","article-title":"Large animal models: the key to translational discovery in digestive disease research","volume":"2","author":"Ziegler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."}],"container-title":["Developmental & Comparative Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X2200252X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X2200252X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T01:51:06Z","timestamp":1758937866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145305X2200252X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["S0145305X2200252X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-2019467\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0145-305X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-305X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Intestinal location- and age-specific variation of intraepithelial T lymphocytes and mucosal microbiota in pigs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Developmental & Comparative Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104590","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104590"}}