{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:48:02Z","timestamp":1785772082593,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011531","name":"University of Alabama","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011531","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental &amp; Comparative Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T15:47:33Z","timestamp":1779205653000},"page":"105630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Activation of Toll and IMD pathways in the Drosophila brain following local and systemic bacterial infection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Sameekshya","family":"Mainali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Toles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paige","family":"Magid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Grammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Kitchens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlin","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7865-028X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanislava","family":"Chtarbanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19336934.2025.2586357","article-title":"Innate immunity pathways activate cell proliferation after penetrating traumatic brain injury in adult Drosophila","volume":"19","author":"Ahern-Djamali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fly (Austin)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093055","article-title":"Modeling neurodegenerative disorders in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"21","author":"Bolus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1752","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1306220110","article-title":"Dnr1 mutations cause neurodegeneration in Drosophila by activating the innate immune response in the brain","volume":"110","author":"Cao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/21.11.2568","article-title":"The Toll and Imd pathways are the major regulators of the immune response in Drosophila","volume":"21","author":"De Gregorio","year":"2002","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2024.05.009","article-title":"Bacterial peptidoglycan serves as a critical modulator of the gut-immune-brain axis in Drosophila","volume":"119","author":"Fioriti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.13117.1","article-title":"The interplay between immunity and aging in Drosophila","volume":"7","author":"Garschall","year":"2018","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-101923-100221","article-title":"The antimicrobial and host defense peptides of Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"79","author":"Hanson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14017","article-title":"The genetic architecture of defence as resistance to and tolerance of bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"26","author":"Howick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2005.11.013","article-title":"A spatzle-processing enzyme required for toll signaling activation in Drosophila innate immunity","volume":"10","author":"Jang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3791\/52613","article-title":"Systemic bacterial infection and immune defense phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster","author":"Khalil","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.04.007","article-title":"NF-kappaB immunity in the brain determines fly lifespan in healthy aging and age-related neurodegeneration","volume":"19","author":"Kounatidis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01362","article-title":"Role of glial immunity in lifespan determination: a drosophila perspective","volume":"9","author":"Kounatidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4229","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.2185","article-title":"The effect of diet and time after bacterial infection on fecundity, resistance, and tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"6","author":"Kutzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8552","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb45110539","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in the evolution of motor function in stroke and trauma patients: treatment and potential biomarkers","volume":"45","author":"Larrea","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.0130.x","article-title":"The immune response of Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"198","author":"Leclerc","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2024.09.001","article-title":"Emerging roles of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity, neuronal function, and neurodegeneration","volume":"47","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2011.47","article-title":"Negative regulation of immune responses on the fly","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80172-5","article-title":"The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette sp\u00e4tzle\/Toll\/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in drosophila adults","volume":"86","author":"Lemaitre","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14614","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14614","article-title":"Drosophila host defense: differential induction of antimicrobial peptide genes after infection by various classes of microorganisms","volume":"94","author":"Lemaitre","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141615","article-title":"The host defense of Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"25","author":"Lemaitre","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/embo-reports\/kvd073","article-title":"The Drosophila caspase Dredd is required to resist gram-negative bacterial infection","volume":"1","author":"Leulier","year":"2000","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00251-021-01239-0","article-title":"Sensing microbial infections in the Drosophila melanogaster genetic model organism","volume":"74","author":"Liegeois","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.691136","article-title":"Microbial infections are a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"15","author":"Lotz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123922","article-title":"Drosophila as a model to Study brain innate immunity in health and disease","volume":"19","author":"Lye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib25","series-title":"Methods in Neurodegenerative Disease Drug Discovery","first-page":"283","article-title":"A tool kit to model neurodegenerative disease in Drosophila melanogaster","author":"Mainali","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib26","article-title":"Antimicrobial defence and persistent infection in insects revisited","volume":"371","author":"Makarova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib27","article-title":"Correction to: 'antimicrobial defence and persistent infection in insects revisited'","volume":"371","author":"Makarova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2006.09.009","article-title":"Expression and regulation of sp\u00e4tzle-processing enzyme in Drosophila","volume":"580","author":"Mulinari","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3455","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1303309","article-title":"The Drosophila imd signaling pathway","volume":"192","author":"Myllymaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2102066","article-title":"Drosophila melanogaster as a model to understand the mechanisms of infection mediated neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"21","author":"Nayak","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.113.150854","article-title":"The innate immune response transcription factor relish is necessary for neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of ataxia-telangiectasia","volume":"194","author":"Petersen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-191150","article-title":"Inflammation in traumatic brain injury","volume":"74","author":"Postolache","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-94973-0","article-title":"Verloren negatively regulates the expression of IMD pathway dependent antimicrobial peptides in Drosophila","volume":"11","author":"Prakash","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17590914221104566","article-title":"Microglia at the crossroads of pathogen-induced neuroinflammation","volume":"14","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2022","journal-title":"ASN Neuro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80208-3","article-title":"The Rel protein DIF mediates the antifungal but not the antibacterial host defense in Drosophila","volume":"12","author":"Rutschmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadk2756","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk2756","article-title":"An evolutionarily conserved serine protease network mediates melanization and Toll activation in Drosophila","volume":"9","author":"Shan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2022.843790","article-title":"Regulatory roles of antimicrobial peptides in the nervous System: implications for neuronal aging","volume":"16","author":"Stuart","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3109","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.120.401377","article-title":"Loss of the antimicrobial peptide Metchnikowin protects against traumatic Brain injury outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"10","author":"Swanson","year":"2020","journal-title":"G3 (Bethesda)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.120.303776","article-title":"Survival following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila is increased by heterozygosity for a mutation of the NF-\u03baB innate immune response transcription factor relish","volume":"216","author":"Swanson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/ni747","article-title":"Drosophila MyD88 is required for the response to fungal and Gram-positive bacterial infections","volume":"3","author":"Tauszig-Delamasure","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib41","article-title":"Methods for the study of innate immunity in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"8","author":"Troha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.: Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)00072-8","article-title":"Tissue-specific inducible expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Drosophila surface epithelia","volume":"13","author":"Tzou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11342","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.19.11342","article-title":"Differential display of peptides induced during the immune response of Drosophila: a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry study","volume":"95","author":"Uttenweiler-Joseph","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.203301","article-title":"Mutations in the Drosophila dTAK1 gene reveal a conserved function for MAPKKKs in the control of rel\/NF-kappaB-dependent innate immune responses","volume":"15","author":"Vidal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010826","article-title":"Infection increases activity via toll dependent and independent mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"18","author":"Vincent","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib46","article-title":"A bidirectional brain-fat body axis for pathogen avoidance","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv, 2024.2011.2002.621634"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2019.02.001","article-title":"Ingestion of killed bacteria activates antimicrobial peptide genes in Drosophila melanogaster and protects flies from septic infection","volume":"95","author":"Wen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabh0050","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abh0050","article-title":"Brain inflammation triggers macrophage invasion across the blood-brain barrier in Drosophila during pupal stages","volume":"7","author":"Winkler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3003035","article-title":"Macrophage invasion into the Drosophila brain requires JAK\/STAT-dependent MMP activation in the blood-brain barrier","volume":"23","author":"Winkler","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00040-6","article-title":"Intestinal microbial dysbiosis aggravates the progression of Alzheimer's disease in Drosophila","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.202256036","article-title":"The Toll pathway mediates Drosophila resilience to Aspergillus mycotoxins through specific Bomanins","volume":"24","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadm7908","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adm7908","article-title":"Infection and chronic disease activate a systemic brain-muscle signaling axis","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib53","article-title":"Drosophila innate immunity involves multiple signaling pathways and coordinated communication between different tissues","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2017.11.008","article-title":"Beyond immunity: the Imd pathway as a coordinator of host defense, organismal physiology and behavior","volume":"83","author":"Zhai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2010.11.001","article-title":"Neuronal injury in chronic CNS inflammation","volume":"24","author":"Zindler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Anaesthesiol."}],"container-title":["Developmental &amp; Comparative Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X26000868?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145305X26000868?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:17:42Z","timestamp":1784866662000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145305X26000868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S0145305X26000868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2025.10.20.683553","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0145-305X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-305X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Activation of Toll and IMD pathways in the Drosophila brain following local and systemic bacterial infection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Developmental & Comparative Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dci.2026.105630","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105630"}}