{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:52:43Z","timestamp":1791391963226,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771818"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971599"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971599"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82001797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82001797"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82030053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82030053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24ZXGQSY00040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24ZXGQSY00040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25JCQNJC00210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25JCQNJC00210"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025M772058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M772058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019065","name":"Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011176","name":"Peking Union Medical College","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3332025055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3332025055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T15:42:19Z","timestamp":1789573339000},"page":"101820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of adverse childhood experiences on behavior in adolescence: Insights from brain imaging and genetic risk"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2415-7558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaigui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piaoran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangzheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vince D.","family":"Calhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yurong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aaron, L., Black, S.R.J.D., & Psychopathology. (2026). Prior externalizing, but not internalizing, symptoms predict subsequent family conflict in emerging adolescence: A longitudinal study. 38(1), 346-356.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579425100278"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02352-1","article-title":"Depression pathophysiology, risk prediction of recurrence and comorbid psychiatric disorders using genome-wide analyses","volume":"29","author":"Als","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.11.022","article-title":"Cumulative adversity and smaller gray matter volume in medial prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and insula regions","volume":"72","author":"Ansell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2021.101031","article-title":"Demographic and mental health assessments in the adolescent brain and cognitive development study: Updates and age-related trajectories","volume":"52","author":"Barch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017376","article-title":"Beyond diathesis stress: differential susceptibility to environmental influences","volume":"135","author":"Belsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing.","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Royal Statistical Society: Series B"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.107.2.238","article-title":"Comparative fit indexes in structural models","volume":"107","author":"Bentler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.11.080","article-title":"Imaging brain development: the adolescent brain","volume":"61","author":"Blakemore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2018.1437737","article-title":"A Longitudinal Study of the Relation Between Family Functioning and Preschool ADHD Symptoms","volume":"48","author":"Breaux","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2023.101256","article-title":"Characterizing the dimensional structure of early-life adversity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study","volume":"61","author":"Brieant","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5631","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1083968","article-title":"Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene","volume":"301","author":"Caspi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2020.100899","article-title":"Greater age-related changes in white matter morphometry following early life stress: Associations with internalizing problems in adolescence","volume":"47","author":"Chahal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giz082","article-title":"PRSice-2: Polygenic Risk Score software for biobank-scale data","volume":"8","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"GigaScience"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.128.5.746","article-title":"The association between psychopathology in fathers versus mothers and children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems: a meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Connell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-044131","article-title":"Maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences and Child Behavior Problems: A Systematic Review","volume":"148","author":"Cooke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.4493","article-title":"Association of Childhood Trauma Exposure With Adult Psychiatric Disorders and Functional Outcomes","volume":"1","author":"Copeland","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open."},{"issue":"50","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6750a1","article-title":"Health Care, family, and community factors associated with mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders and poverty among children aged 2-8 years - United States, 2016","volume":"67","author":"Cree","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02492-x","article-title":"Patterns of stressful life events and polygenic scores for five mental disorders and neuroticism among adults with depression","volume":"29","author":"Crouse","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dehaene, S., Pegado, F., Braga, L.W., Ventura, P., Nunes Filho, G., Jobert, A., Dehaene-Lambertz G., Kolinsky R., Morais J., Cohen L.. (2010). How learning to read changes the cortical networks for vision and language. 330(6009), 1359-1364.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194140"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01285-8","article-title":"Genome-wide analyses of ADHD identify 27 risk loci, refine the genetic architecture and implicate several cognitive domains","volume":"55","author":"Demontis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.18030335","article-title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences: Implications for Offspring Telomere Length and Psychopathology","volume":"177","author":"Esteves","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031808","article-title":"Cumulative risk and child development","volume":"139","author":"Evans","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8","article-title":"Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study","volume":"14","author":"Felitti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2021.21090944","article-title":"Early Adversity and Development: Parsing Heterogeneity and Identifying Pathways of Risk and Resilience","volume":"178","author":"Gee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0344-8","article-title":"Identification of common genetic risk variants for autism spectrum disorder","volume":"51","author":"Grove","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674211025691","article-title":"Associations of childhood emotional and physical neglect with mental health and substance use in young adults","volume":"56","author":"Grummitt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0943","article-title":"Burden of environmental adversity associated with psychopathology, maturation, and brain behavior parameters in youths","volume":"76","author":"Gur","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116091","article-title":"Image processing and analysis methods for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study","volume":"202","author":"Hagler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.1475","article-title":"Association of child poverty, brain development, and academic achievement","volume":"169","author":"Hair","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000978","article-title":"Lower structural integrity of the uncinate fasciculus is associated with a history of child maltreatment and future psychological vulnerability to stress","volume":"27","author":"Hanson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib31","series-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","author":"Hayes","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2019.100157","article-title":"Stress exposures, neurodevelopment and health measures in the ABCD study","volume":"10","author":"Hoffman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Stress."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Functional domain analysis of the Saccharomyces MAL-activator","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cutoff Criteria Fit. Index. covariance Struct. Anal. Conv. Criteria Versus New. Altern."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e356","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30118-4","article-title":"The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Hughes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Public. Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042486","article-title":"The influence of socioeconomic status on children's brain structure","volume":"7","author":"Jednor\u00f3g","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0111-z","article-title":"Sex differences in the developing brain: insights from multimodal neuroimaging","volume":"44","author":"Kaczkurkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib37","series-title":"Linear panel analysis: models of quantitative change","author":"Kessler","year":"2014"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291797005588","article-title":"Childhood adversity and adult psychiatric disorder in the US National Comorbidity Survey","volume":"27","author":"Kessler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib39","article-title":"Annual Research Review: Mapping the multifaceted approaches and impacts of adverse childhood experiences - an umbrella review of meta-analyses","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2023.128","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and psychological functioning among women with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: population-based study","volume":"224","author":"K\u00f6hler-Forsberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib41","first-page":"48","article-title":"Package \u2018caret\u2019","volume":"223","author":"Kuhn","year":"2020"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13422","article-title":"Polygenic risk for depression, anxiety and neuroticism are associated with the severity and rate of change in depressive symptoms across adolescence","volume":"62","author":"Kwong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-020-01120-w","article-title":"Contrasting cumulative risk and multiple individual risk models of the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and adult health outcomes","volume":"20","author":"LaNoue","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10937","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5302-10.2011","article-title":"Longitudinal development of human brain wiring continues from childhood into adulthood","volume":"31","author":"Lebel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2009.10.008","article-title":"Sex differences in the adolescent brain","volume":"72","author":"Lenroot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Cogn."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.3009","article-title":"Association between early life adversity and risk for poor emotional and physical health in adolescence: a putative mechanistic neurodevelopmental pathway","volume":"171","author":"Luby","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2639","article-title":"Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition","volume":"10","author":"Lupien","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21122","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences: a meta-analysis of prevalence and moderators among half a million adults in 206 studies","volume":"22","author":"Madigan","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-023-01605-2","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between exposure to parental substance use and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in children","volume":"25","author":"Maher","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prev. Sci."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000580","article-title":"Structural and functional imaging of the hippocampus in young people at familial risk of depression","volume":"44","author":"Mannie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2015.04.007","article-title":"Disrupted insula-based neural circuit organization and conflict interference in trauma-exposed youth","volume":"8","author":"Marusak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2023.111684","article-title":"Specificity of associations between parental psychopathology and offspring brain structure","volume":"334","author":"Mattoni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.10.012","article-title":"Childhood adversity and neural development: deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience","volume":"47","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib54","first-page":"483","article-title":"Large-scale brain networks and psychopathology: a unifying triple network model","volume":"15","author":"Menon","year":"2011","journal-title":"i. C. S."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.2537","article-title":"Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences from the 2011-2014 behavioral risk factor surveillance system in 23 states","volume":"172","author":"Merrick","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgae412","article-title":"Socioeconomic resources in youth are linked to divergent patterns of network integration\/segregation across the brain's transmodal axis","volume":"3","author":"Michael","year":"2024","journal-title":"PNAS Nexus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000331","article-title":"Dimensions of deprivation and threat, psychopathology, and potential mediators: a multi-year longitudinal analysis","volume":"127","author":"Miller","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4905","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0757-x","article-title":"Linked patterns of biological and environmental covariation with brain structure in adolescence: a population-based longitudinal study","volume":"26","author":"Modabbernia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00857-4","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology","volume":"53","author":"Mullins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib60","unstructured":"Muthen, L.K., Muthen, B.O.J.L.A., C.A.: Muth\u00e9n, & Muth\u00e9n. (2003). The comprehensive modelling program for applied researchers: user\u2019s guide."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2024.12.010","article-title":"Bidirectional associations between parent-child conflict and child and adolescent mental health","volume":"64","author":"Neville","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3983","article-title":"Family income, parental education and brain structure in children and adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Noble","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001349","article-title":"The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Norman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.063677","article-title":"Family-related adverse childhood experiences as risk factors for psychiatric disorders in Nigeria","volume":"196","author":"Oladeji","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cks140","article-title":"Socio-economic position early in life, cognitive development and cognitive change from young adulthood to middle age","volume":"23","author":"Osler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public. Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.09.032","article-title":"Brain Volume Abnormalities in Youth at High Risk for Depression: Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study","volume":"59","author":"Pagliaccio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01010-1","article-title":"Interaction between adverse childhood experiences and polygenic risk in patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"10","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.09.009","article-title":"Does childhood trauma moderate polygenic risk for depression? A meta-analysis of 5765 subjects from the psychiatric genomics consortium","volume":"84","author":"Peyrot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib69","article-title":"Making connections: neurodevelopmental changes in brain connectivity after adverse experiences in early adolescence","volume":"44","author":"Pollmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib70","first-page":"877","article-title":"Associations between neighborhood disadvantage, resting-state functional connectivity, and behavior in the adolescent brain cognitive development study: the moderating role of positive family and school environments","volume":"6","author":"Rakesh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry Cogn. Neurosci. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.04.026","article-title":"Socioeconomic inequalities and mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"90","author":"Reiss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhx131","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and reading disability: neuroanatomy and plasticity in response to intervention","volume":"28","author":"Romeo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e762","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13315","article-title":"Cognitive stimulation as a mechanism linking socioeconomic status with executive function: a longitudinal investigation","volume":"91","author":"Rosen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child. Dev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13267","article-title":"Threat and deprivation are associated with distinct aspects of cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in children and adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib75","article-title":"The neurobiology of life course socioeconomic conditions and associated cognitive performance in middle to late adulthood","volume":"44","author":"Schrempft","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.09.001","article-title":"Dimensions of early experience and neural development: deprivation and threat","volume":"18","author":"Sheridan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579417001390","article-title":"Dimensions of childhood adversity have distinct associations with neural systems underlying executive functioning","volume":"29","author":"Sheridan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.23774","article-title":"Assessment of neighborhood poverty, cognitive function, and prefrontal and hippocampal volumes in children","volume":"3","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115101","article-title":"The association between trauma exposure, polygenic risk and individual depression symptoms","volume":"321","author":"Thorp","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib80","unstructured":"Tingley, D., Yamamoto, T., Hirose, K., Keele, L., & Imai, K. (2014). Mediation: R package for causal mediation analysis."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6619","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01130-0","article-title":"Associations of family income with cognition and brain structure in USA children: prevention implications","volume":"26","author":"Tomasi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4195","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02222-9","article-title":"Effects of family income on brain functional connectivity in US children: associations with cognition","volume":"28","author":"Tomasi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7906","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04434-5","article-title":"Mapping genomic loci implicates genes and synaptic biology in schizophrenia","volume":"604","author":"Trubetskoy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.531","article-title":"Socioeconomic status, white matter, and executive function in children","volume":"6","author":"Ursache","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Buuren, S., & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K.J.J. o s s (2011). mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R. 45, 1-67.","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2023.105210","article-title":"Interpersonal early adversity demonstrates dissimilarity from early socioeconomic disadvantage in the course of human brain development: A meta-analysis","volume":"150","author":"Vannucci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2020.100907","article-title":"Deprivation and threat as developmental mediators in the relation between early life socioeconomic status and executive functioning outcomes in early childhood","volume":"47","author":"Vogel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1809145116","article-title":"Long-term effects of institutional rearing, foster care, and brain activity on memory and executive functioning","volume":"116","author":"Wade","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2013.10.006","article-title":"Positive parenting predicts the development of adolescent brain structure: a longitudinal study","volume":"8","author":"Whittle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2014.08.005","article-title":"Developmental trajectories of irritability and bidirectional associations with maternal depression","volume":"53","author":"Wiggins","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878929326001623?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878929326001623?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:06:12Z","timestamp":1791389172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878929326001623"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":90,"alternative-id":["S1878929326001623"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-9293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-9293","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of adverse childhood experiences on behavior in adolescence: Insights from brain imaging and genetic risk","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcn.2026.101820","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101820"}}