{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T05:57:57Z","timestamp":1780984677998,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202308110039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308110039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dental Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T23:54:37Z","timestamp":1776383677000},"page":"1599-1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wear resistance of composite repairs: Direct vs. semi-direct techniques in simulated oral aging"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7721-6630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keyi","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6883-5600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaisson","family":"Cenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roderick","family":"Theunisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9123-9756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"van Nistelrooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5742-9826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"X. Frank","family":"Walboomers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas A.C.","family":"Loomans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Pereira-Cenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Clinical performance of direct versus indirect composite restorations in posterior teeth: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Azeem","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-009-0258-4","article-title":"Investigations on mechanical behaviour of dental composites","volume":"13","author":"Ilie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8240.2010.00392.x","article-title":"Direct esthetic restorations based on translucency and opacity of composite resins","volume":"23","author":"Villarroel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510376071","article-title":"12-year survival of composite vs. amalgam restorations","volume":"89","author":"Opdam","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib5","first-page":"43","article-title":"Direct composite restorations: extended use in anterior and posterior situations","volume":"8","author":"Hickel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2017.02.032","article-title":"Semidirect posterior composite restorations with a flexible die technique: a case series","volume":"148","author":"Torres","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12067","article-title":"Semidirect composite onlay with cavity sealing: a review of clinical procedures","volume":"26","author":"Alharbi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2025.12.018","article-title":"Bonding performance of surface treatments for luting semidirect composite resin restorations: An in vitro study","author":"Silva","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib9","first-page":"703","article-title":"Direct and semi-direct posterior composite restorations","volume":"8","author":"Spreafico","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pr Periodontics Aesthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-021-00680-7","article-title":"Direct and semi-direct resin composite restoration in large cavity preparations: analysis of dentin bond strength stability and bottom\/top microhardness ratio in a cavity model","volume":"110","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2013.10.019","article-title":"A multifunctional device to simulate oral ageing: the \"Rub&Roll\"","volume":"30","author":"Ruben","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2023.08.172","article-title":"Fatigue behaviour of a self-healing dental composite","volume":"39","author":"Ning","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2023.10.007","article-title":"Tooth Wear","volume":"74","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.02.009","article-title":"Clinical performance of posterior resin composite restorations after up to 33 years","volume":"38","author":"Da Rosa Rodolpho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e195","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12630","article-title":"Quality and Survival of Direct Light-Activated Composite Resin Restorations in Posterior Teeth: A 5- to 20-Year Retrospective Longitudinal Study","volume":"28","author":"Borgia","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04814-1","article-title":"Revised FDI criteria for evaluating direct and indirect dental restorations-recommendations for its clinical use, interpretation, and reporting","volume":"27","author":"Hickel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.2341\/16-313-C","article-title":"12 Years of Repair of Amalgam and Composite Resins: A Clinical Study","volume":"43","author":"Estay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oper Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2021.01.011","article-title":"Defective restoration repair or replacement: An American Dental Association Clinical Evaluators Panel survey","volume":"152","author":"da Costa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2014.05.015","article-title":"Can repair increase the longevity of composite resins? Results of a 10-year clinical trial","volume":"43","author":"Fernandez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.2341\/24-064-L","article-title":"Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bulk-fill Resin Composites Submitted to Additional Polymerization for Use in Semi-direct Restorations","volume":"50","author":"Botrel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oper Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-81081-y","article-title":"The effect of various bulk filling techniques on the mechanical and structural characteristics of class I biomimetic composite dental fillings","volume":"15","author":"Kemeny","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2004.11.009","article-title":"Clinical performance and marginal adaptation of class II direct and semidirect composite restorations over 3.5 years in vivo","volume":"33","author":"Spreafico","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-02999-6","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of class II composite restorations using direct and semidirect techniques","volume":"24","author":"Torres","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17885","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-68873-y","article-title":"Developing an optimised method for accurate wear testing of dental materials using the 'Rub&Roll' device","volume":"14","author":"Maier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Group R.W.Reporting in vitro experiments responsibly\u2013the RIVER recommendations. MetaArxiv. Preprint posted online June 19, 2023 [preprint]. Accessed January 20, 2026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31222\/osf.io\/x6au2026.","DOI":"10.31222\/osf.io\/x6aut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2012.04.006","article-title":"Correlation of wear in vivo and six laboratory wear methods","volume":"28","author":"Heintze","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3791\/56400","article-title":"Mimicking and measuring occlusal erosive tooth wear with the \"rub&roll\" and non-contact profilometry","author":"Ruben","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3791\/63680","article-title":"Precision of In Vivo Quantitative Tooth Wear Measurement using Intra-Oral Scans","author":"Bronkhorst","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00367.x","article-title":"Investigation of erosion and abrasion on enamel and dentine: a model in situ using toothpastes of different abrasivity","volume":"30","author":"Hooper","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Periodo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1159\/000093348","article-title":"Interaction between attrition,abrasion and erosion in tooth wear","volume":"20","author":"Addy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Monogr Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1159\/000359936","article-title":"The interactions between attrition, abrasion and erosion in tooth wear","volume":"25","author":"Shellis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Monogr Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1159\/000073399","article-title":"Comparative study of wear of enamel induced by alternating and simultaneous combinations of abrasion and erosion in vitro","volume":"37","author":"Eisenburger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(01)00031-8","article-title":"The measurement and prevention of erosion and abrasion","volume":"29","author":"Azzopardi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2003.01098.x","article-title":"Influence of abrasion in clinical manifestation of human dental erosion","volume":"30","author":"Amaechi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06775-9","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of direct and indirect restorations in class I cavities: a 10-year follow-up study","volume":"25","author":"Tekce","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06604-z","article-title":"Clinical comparison of direct and indirect class II composite restorations: a prospective 12-month follow-up study","volume":"25","author":"Incekara","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12820","article-title":"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturer indirect versus direct composite restorations: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"34","author":"Rocha Gomes Torres","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2021.08.018","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial on the performance of direct and indirect composite restorations in patients with severe tooth wear","volume":"37","author":"Crins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2009.07.006","article-title":"Erosion and abrasion of tooth-colored restorative materials and human enamel","volume":"37","author":"Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(98)70102-7","article-title":"Toothbrushing abrasion of polyacid-modified composites in neutral and acidic buffer solutions","volume":"80","author":"Attin","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2017.01.012","article-title":"Fatigue testing of biomaterials and their interfaces","volume":"33","author":"Arola","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2023.105962","article-title":"Tribological behavior and wear mechanisms of dental resin composites with different polymeric matrices","volume":"144","author":"Torno","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0118","article-title":"Relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic factors with Erosive Tooth Wear in adults: a cross-sectional study","volume":"36","author":"Ramirez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib44","first-page":"275","article-title":"Etiology and pathogenesis of dental erosion","volume":"47","author":"Kanzow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1159\/000077766","article-title":"The effect of fluoride on the developing tooth","volume":"38","author":"Robinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0946-672X(96)80044-7","article-title":"The effects of fluorides and\/or trace elements on the solubilities of enamel and cementum","volume":"10","author":"Koray","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1159\/000093355","article-title":"Biological factors","volume":"20","author":"Hara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Monogr Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1975.0416","article-title":"Composition and structure of dental enamel: elemental composition and crystalline structure of dental enamel as they relate to its solubility","volume":"91","author":"Besic","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(98)70134-9","article-title":"Feedback control during mastication of solid food textures--a clinical-experimental study","volume":"80","author":"Schindler","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03967-7","article-title":"The influence of oral cavity physiological parameters: temperature, pH, and swelling on the performance of denture adhesives - in vitro study","volume":"24","author":"Koehler","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"}],"container-title":["Dental Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S010956412600271X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S010956412600271X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T05:05:12Z","timestamp":1780981512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S010956412600271X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S010956412600271X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0109-5641"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0109-5641","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Wear resistance of composite repairs: Direct vs. semi-direct techniques in simulated oral aging","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Dental Materials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2026.04.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Academy of Dental Materials.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}