{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:27:54Z","timestamp":1786987674158,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,11]],"date-time":"2007-04-11T07:13:35Z","timestamp":1176275615000},"page":"137-146","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Pharmacologic Modulation of Sebaceous Gland Activity: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Shari B.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda M.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalyn E.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane M.","family":"Thiboutot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1067\/S0190-9622(03)01584-6","article-title":"Are there racial and sex differences in the use of oral isotretinoin for acne management in the United States?","volume":"49","author":"Fleischer","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0926-9959.2001.00014.x","article-title":"Endocrinological evaluation and hormonal therapy for women with difficult acne","volume":"15","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp033487","article-title":"Clinical practice. Acne","volume":"352","author":"James","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.6.726","article-title":"Treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"292","author":"Haider","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.5.557","article-title":"Isotretinoin therapy and mood changes in adolescents with moderate to severe acne: a cohort study","volume":"141","author":"Chia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.11.1061","article-title":"Low-dose isotretinoin in the treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"54","author":"Amichai","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70166-2","article-title":"Reduced anxiety and depression in cystic acne patients after successful treatment with oral isotretinoin","volume":"17","author":"Rubinow","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1104","article-title":"Expression, purification, and binding properties of human cellular retinoic acid-binding protein type I and type II","volume":"300","author":"Fogh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.1.30","article-title":"Retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors: interactions with endogenous retinoic acids","volume":"90","author":"Allenby","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib10","first-page":"181","article-title":"13-cis retinoic acid does not bind to retinoic acid receptors alpha, beta and gamma","volume":"12","author":"Levin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1159\/000246226","article-title":"Oral 9-cis-retinoic acid versus 13-cis-retinoic acid in acne therapy","volume":"193","author":"Ott","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000246227","article-title":"Sebum excretion rate in subjects treated with oral all-trans-retinoic acid","volume":"193","author":"Hommel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90462-4","article-title":"Oral 13-cis retinoic acid is superior to 9-cis retinoic acid in sebosuppression in human beings","volume":"34","author":"Geiger","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(95)00036-2","article-title":"Retinoic acid induces translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) and activation of nuclear PKC (nPKC) in rat splenocytes","volume":"17","author":"Zorn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.00-0329fje","article-title":"Retinoids as ligands and coactivators of protein kinase C alpha","volume":"15","author":"Imam","year":"2001","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.6.835","article-title":"The cysteine-rich regions of the regulatory domains of Raf and protein kinase C as retinoid receptors","volume":"192","author":"Hoyos","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00332-2","article-title":"13-cis-retinoic acid competitively inhibits 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidation by retinol dehydrogenase RoDH-4: a mechanism for its anti-androgenic effects in sebaceous glands?","volume":"303","author":"Karlsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12676804","article-title":"Ultrastructural observations in acne vulgaris: the normal sebaceous follicle and acne lesions","volume":"62","author":"Knutson","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0353.2004.03739.x","article-title":"Low dose isotretinoin combined with tretinoin is effective to correct abnormalities of acne","volume":"2","author":"Plewig","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04138.x","article-title":"The effects of isotretinoin on follicular and sebaceous gland differentiation","volume":"117","author":"Dalziel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4 Pt 2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(82)70066-0","article-title":"Comparative effect of isotretinoin and etretinate on acne and sebaceous gland secretion","volume":"6","author":"Goldstein","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700289","article-title":"13-cis retinoic acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human SEB-1 sebocytes","volume":"126","author":"Nelson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00372055","article-title":"The effect of topical retinoids on the leukotriene-B4-induced migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into human skin","volume":"283","author":"Wozel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12285658","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative changes in cutaneous bacteria associated with systemic isotretinoin therapy for acne conglobata","volume":"86","author":"Leyden","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06897.x","article-title":"Efficacy of oral isotretinoin in the control of skin and nasal colonization by antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria in patients with acne","volume":"153","author":"Coates","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2005.10.006","article-title":"Retinoic acid amplifies the host immune response to LPS through increased T lymphocytes number and LPS binding protein expression","volume":"245","author":"Seguin-Devaux","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.26.1.183-186.1979","article-title":"Complement activation in acne vulgaris. Consumption of complement by comedones","volume":"26","author":"Webster","year":"1979","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1997.tb01577.x","article-title":"Solid persistent facial oedema (Morbihan's disease) following rosacea, successfully treated with isotretinoin and ketotifen","volume":"137","author":"Mazzatenta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib29","first-page":"7","article-title":"Management of adult acne and acne variants","volume":"2","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1159\/000017841","article-title":"Acneiform dermatoses","volume":"196","author":"Pelwig","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S150","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.113717","article-title":"Uses and complications of isotretinoin therapy","volume":"45","author":"Ellis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib32","first-page":"267","article-title":"Retinoids in the management of non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma","volume":"26","author":"Craven","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Surv"},{"issue":"2 Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70451-7","article-title":"Retinoid chemoprevention in the high-risk patient","volume":"39","author":"DiGiovanna","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(89)80359-7","article-title":"Effectiveness of isotretinoin in preventing the appearance of basal cell carcinomas in basal cell nevus syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Goldberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198806233182501","article-title":"Prevention of skin cancer in xeroderma pigmentosum with the use of oral isotretinoin","volume":"318","author":"Kraemer","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555764042","article-title":"Multiple keratoacanthomas, giant keratoacanthoma and keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum: development in a single patient and treatment with oral isotretinoin","volume":"76","author":"Schaller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.8.1950","article-title":"Interferon alfa-2a and 13-cis-retinoic acid in renal cell carcinoma: antitumor activity in a phase II trial and interactions in vitro","volume":"13","author":"Motzer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.5.1820","article-title":"Multicenter phase II trial of interleukin-2, interferon-alpha, and 13-cis-retinoic acid in patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma","volume":"16","author":"Stadler","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib39","first-page":"1999","article-title":"Effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid and alpha-interferon on transforming growth factor beta1 in patients with rising prostate-specific antigen","volume":"3","author":"DiPaola","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib40","first-page":"1931","article-title":"Treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas with high-dose 13-cis-retinoic acid","volume":"2","author":"Yung","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00177443","article-title":"Resolution of recurrent malignant ganglioglioma after treatment with cis-retinoic acid","volume":"30","author":"Kaba","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/120347549800200308","article-title":"Xeroderma pigmentosum: spinal cord astrocytoma with 9-year survival after radiation and isotretinoin therapy","volume":"2","author":"DiGiovanna","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(84)80100-0","article-title":"Isotretinoin therapy for acne: results of a multicenter dose-response study","volume":"10","author":"Strauss","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11850.x","article-title":"Isotretinoin for the treatment of acne vulgaris: which factors may predict the need for more than one course?","volume":"129","author":"Stainforth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02072.x","article-title":"Vitamin E does not reduce the side-effects of isotretinoin in the treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"44","author":"Kus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102083440616","article-title":"Depression and suicide in patients treated with isotretinoin","volume":"344","author":"Wysowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2005.04.003","article-title":"Depression and suicidal behavior in acne patients treated with isotretinoin: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Marqueling","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semin Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03363.x","article-title":"Isotretinoin embryopathy\u2014a continuing problem","volume":"29","author":"Rappaport","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198510033131401","article-title":"Retinoic acid embryopathy","volume":"313","author":"Lammer","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-003-1010-9","article-title":"Effects of retinoic acid on the neural crest-controlled organs of fetal rats","volume":"19","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1969.4","article-title":"Sebaceous gland response in man to the administration of testosterone, delta-4-androstenedione, and dehydroisoandrosterone","volume":"52","author":"Pochi","year":"1969","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12317162","article-title":"Activity of the type 1 5 alpha-reductase exhibits regional differences in isolated sebaceous glands and whole skin","volume":"105","author":"Thiboutot","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000067823","article-title":"Update and future of hormonal therapy in acne","volume":"206","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.9.1041","article-title":"Androgen metabolism in sebaceous glands from subjects with and without acne","volume":"135","author":"Thiboutot","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s10227-001-0152-4","article-title":"Long-term safety of spironolactone in acne: results of an 8-year followup study","volume":"6","author":"Shaw","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01072.x","article-title":"Effects and side-effects of spironolactone therapy in women with acne","volume":"19","author":"Yemisci","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0896(98)00260-0","article-title":"Spironolactone-related inhibitors of type II 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: chemical synthesis, receptor binding affinities, and proliferative\/antiproliferative activities","volume":"7","author":"Tremblay","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1159\/000211271","article-title":"Androgens affect the activity of human sebocytes in culture in a manner dependent on the localization of the sebaceous glands and their effect is antagonized by spironolactone","volume":"7","author":"Zouboulis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2004.05.007","article-title":"Hirsutism and acne in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Archer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2006.01.002","article-title":"Antiandrogen therapy for skin and hair disease","volume":"24","author":"Harper","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.105557","article-title":"Low-dose adjunctive spironolactone in the treatment of acne in women: a retrospective analysis of 85 consecutively treated patients","volume":"43","author":"Shaw","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02571.x","article-title":"Tolerance of spironolactone","volume":"118","author":"Hughes","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1996.tb04006.x","article-title":"Topical spironolactone reduces sebum secretion rates in young adults","volume":"23","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.9.1162-a","article-title":"Adverse effects of spironolactone therapy in women with acne","volume":"134","author":"Lubbos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib65","first-page":"6","article-title":"Hormonal therapy of acne","volume":"8","author":"Haroun","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00455168","article-title":"Effect of cyproterone acetate-ethinyl estradiol treatment on the proportions of linoleic and sebaleic acids in various skin surface lipid classes","volume":"278","author":"Stewart","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib67","first-page":"16","article-title":"Practical approach to the hormonal treatment of acne","volume":"8","author":"Poulin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.128.9.1261","article-title":"Antiandrogens and acne. A topical approach?","volume":"128","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2005.07.010","article-title":"Treating acne with oral contraceptives: use of lower doses","volume":"73","author":"Huber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02922.x","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and safety of low-dose flutamide alone and combined with an oral contraceptive for the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism","volume":"43","author":"Dodin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-11-199306010-00006","article-title":"Fatal and nonfatal hepatotoxicity associated with flutamide","volume":"118","author":"Wysowski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib72","first-page":"423","article-title":"Flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity: report of a case series","volume":"93","author":"Garcia Cortes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590009167658","article-title":"Treatment of hirsutism with lowest-dose flutamide (62.5 mg\/day)","volume":"14","author":"Muderris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12181.x","article-title":"The distribution of estrogen receptor beta is distinct to that of estrogen receptor alpha and the androgen receptor in human skin and the pilosebaceous unit","volume":"8","author":"Thornton","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Investig Dermatol Symp Proc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib75","first-page":"629","article-title":"Localization of sex steroid receptors in human skin","volume":"19","author":"Pelletier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0930403","article-title":"Human skin androgen metabolism and preliminary evidence for its control by two forms of 17 \u03b2-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase","volume":"93","author":"Hay","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12335779","article-title":"Different levels of 5\u03b1-reductase type I and II, aromatase, and androgen receptor in hair follicles of women and men with androgenetic alopecia","volume":"109","author":"Sawaya","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.52.317","article-title":"Sex steroid hormone receptors in human skin appendage and its neoplasms","volume":"52","author":"Kariya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.9.2.179","article-title":"New treatments and therapeutic strategies for acne","volume":"9","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Fam Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsgi.2004.04.003","article-title":"Immunomodulatory and transcriptional effects of progesterone through progesterone A and B receptors in Hec50co poorly differentiated endometrial cancer cells","volume":"11","author":"Davies","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004_bib81","first-page":"2","article-title":"The effect of 2 combined oral contraceptives containing either drospirenone or cyproterone acetate on acne and seborrhea","volume":"69","author":"van Vloten","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cutis"}],"container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863507000058?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863507000058?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T03:24:52Z","timestamp":1707794692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733863507000058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733863507000058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8635"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8635","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}}}