{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:21:49Z","timestamp":1789784509903,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]],"date-time":"2018-04-26T02:48:11Z","timestamp":1524710891000},"page":"277-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["End-Stage Renal Disease Chronic Itch and Its Management"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Radomir","family":"Reszke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek C.","family":"Szepietowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0158765","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158765","article-title":"Global prevalence of chronic kidney disease - a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Hill","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/kisup.2012.64","article-title":"Chapter 1: definition and classification of CKD","volume":"3","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl (2011)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.01.008","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and its complications","volume":"35","author":"Thomas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prim Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.110651","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of end-stage renal disease","volume":"43","author":"Robinson-Bostom","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1400","article-title":"European guideline on chronic pruritus","volume":"92","author":"Weisshaar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0305","article-title":"Clinical classification of itch: a position paper of the International Forum for the Study of Itch","volume":"87","author":"St\u00e4nder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2002.tb00191.x","article-title":"Uremic pruritus: a clinical study of maintenance hemodialysis patients","volume":"29","author":"Szepietowski","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1998.00459.x","article-title":"Uremic pruritus","volume":"37","author":"Szepietowski","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib9","series-title":"Itch: mechanisms and treatment","first-page":"47","article-title":"Pruritus in renal disease","author":"Mettang","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl461","article-title":"Pruritus in haemodialysis patients: international results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)","volume":"21","author":"Pisoni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib11","first-page":"816","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic itch and associated factors in haemodialysis patients: a representative cross-sectional study","volume":"95","author":"Weiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.krcp.2016.02.002","article-title":"Comparison of uremic pruritus between patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis","volume":"35","author":"Min","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib13","first-page":"241","article-title":"The impact of pruritus on the quality of life of patients undergoing dialysis: a single centre cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Tessari","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2454","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus in children","volume":"96","author":"Wojtowicz-Prus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e198","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13524","article-title":"Is uremic pruritus still an important clinical problem in maintenance hemodialysis patients?","volume":"30","author":"Heisig","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-015-1208-5","article-title":"Epidemiology and determinants of pruritus in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"48","author":"Solak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c74","DOI":"10.1159\/000183177","article-title":"Understanding symptoms in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease managed without dialysis: use of a short patient-completed assessment tool","volume":"111","author":"Murphy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2007.0017","article-title":"Symptoms in advanced renal disease: a cross-sectional survey of symptom prevalence in stage 5 chronic kidney disease managed without dialysis","volume":"10","author":"Murtagh","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Palliat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2007.10.017","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of chronic kidney disease","volume":"26","author":"Kurban","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ndt.a027092","article-title":"Pruritus and skin hydration during dialysis","volume":"11","author":"Morton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2266","article-title":"Lipid content and barrier function analysis in uraemic pruritus","volume":"96","author":"Chor\u0105\u017cyczewska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3268","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm375","article-title":"Skin barrier structure and function and their relationship to pruritus in end-stage renal disease","volume":"22","author":"Yosipovitch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1774-9987.2005.00271.x","article-title":"Emollients with endocannabinoids in the treatment of uremic pruritus: discussion of the therapeutic options","volume":"9","author":"Szepietowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ther Apher Dial"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05490610","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind study with glycerol and paraffin in uremic xerosis","volume":"6","author":"Balaskas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib25","first-page":"321","article-title":"Efficacy of topical hydrating and emollient lotion containing 10% urea ISDIN\u00ae plus dexpanthenol (Ureadin Rx 10) in the treatment of skin xerosis and pruritus in hemodialyzed patients: an open prospective pilot trial","volume":"146","author":"Castello","year":"2011","journal-title":"G\u00a0Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib26","first-page":"7","article-title":"AQP-3 in the\u00a0epidermis of haemodialysis patients with CKD-associated pruritus is overexpressed","volume":"1","author":"Momose","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1159\/000249867","article-title":"Serum vitamin A levels and pruritus in patients on hemodialysis","volume":"166","author":"de Kroes","year":"1983","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib28","first-page":"1053","article-title":"25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency may be the secret actor in\u00a0the\u00a0pathogenesis of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients","volume":"3","author":"Gokustun","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Nephrol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2935","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002935","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of uremic pruritus in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis","volume":"95","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh287","article-title":"Calcium ions are abnormally distributed in the skin of haemodialysis patients with uraemic pruritus","volume":"19","author":"Momose","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP66184","article-title":"Uremic pruritus is associated with higher kt\/V and serum calcium concentration","volume":"66","author":"Duque","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196809262791308","article-title":"Intractable pruritus as a manifestation of secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremia. Disappearance of itching after subtotal parathyroidectomy","volume":"279","author":"Massry","year":"1968","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib33","first-page":"42","article-title":"Relationship between serum intact parathyroid hormone and pruritus in hemodialysis patients","volume":"7","author":"Makhlough","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1159\/000186826","article-title":"Uremic pruritus and skin mast cells","volume":"61","author":"Dimkovi\u0107","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of end-stage renal disease patients with self-reported pruritus symptoms","volume":"7","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S84","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01674408","article-title":"Pruritus and mast cell proliferation in the skin of haemodialysis patients","volume":"44","author":"Szepietowski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib37","first-page":"285","article-title":"Pruritus and mast cell proliferation of the skin in end stage renal failure","volume":"23","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib38","first-page":"327","article-title":"Dermal mast cell density and pruritus in end-stage renal failure","volume":"23","author":"Leong","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib39","first-page":"136","article-title":"Uremic pruritus in patients on hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The role of plasma histamine and skin mast cells","volume":"34","author":"Mettang","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1054\/mehy.2001.1505","article-title":"Ultraviolet B induces mast cell apoptosis: a hypothetical mechanism of ultraviolet B treatment for uraemic pruritus","volume":"58","author":"Szepietowski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10448.x","article-title":"Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy for patients with refractory uraemic pruritus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"165","author":"Ko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1159\/000044967","article-title":"Histamine and serotonin in uremic pruritus: effect of ondansetron in CAPD-pruritic patients","volume":"78","author":"Balaskas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1271549","article-title":"The microinflammatory state in uremia: causes and potential consequences","volume":"12","author":"Kaysen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi204","article-title":"The role of micro-inflammation in the pathogenesis of uraemic pruritus in haemodialysis patients","volume":"21","author":"Kimmel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3338","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr053","article-title":"Interleukin-2 serum levels are elevated in patients with uremic pruritus: a novel finding with practical implications","volume":"26","author":"Fallahzadeh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.08.004","article-title":"Interleukin-31 is associated with uremic pruritus in patients receiving hemodialysis","volume":"71","author":"Ko","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib47","first-page":"1040","article-title":"Expression of IL-31 in uraemic pruritus. 9th World Congress of Itch, 15-17 October, Wroclaw, Poland","volume":"97","author":"Pelc","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i6.885","article-title":"Hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis patients: a review","volume":"7","author":"Ozer Etik","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i5.743","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus-associated pruritus: etiopathogenesis and therapeutic strategies","volume":"23","author":"Alhmada","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3685","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn303","article-title":"Association of uraemic pruritus with inflammation and hepatitis infection in haemodialysis patients","volume":"23","author":"Chiu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555572102105","article-title":"Cutaneous innervation in chronic renal failure patients. An immunohistochemical study","volume":"72","author":"Fantini","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90460-6","article-title":"Intraepidermal neuron-specific enolase (NSE)-immunoreactive nerve fibres: evidence for sprouting in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"99","author":"Johansson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib53","first-page":"462","article-title":"Uremic neuropathy\u2013II. Is pruritus in dialyzed patients related to neuropathy?","volume":"99","author":"Jedras","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pol Arch Med Wewn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0987-7053(01)00257-X","article-title":"Is pruritus in chronic uremic patients related to peripheral somatic and autonomic neuropathy? Study by R-R interval variation test (RRIV) and by sympathetic skin response (SSR)","volume":"31","author":"Zakrzewska-Pniewska","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00827.2013","article-title":"Voxel-based morphometry and arterial spin labeling fMRI reveal neuropathic and neuroplastic features of brain processing of itch in end-stage renal disease","volume":"112","author":"Papoiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15436\/2377-1348.16.1074","article-title":"Can the aggravation of pruritus be a sign of worsening peripheral neuropathy in uremic disease? A clinical and neurophysiological study","volume":"3","author":"Chirchiglia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Neurol Brain Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib57","first-page":"894","article-title":"Expression of opioid receptors in the skin of patients with uremic pruritus. 8th World Congress on Itch (WCI). September 27-29, 2015, Nara, Japan","volume":"95","author":"Wieczorek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005020152","article-title":"Kappa-opioid system in uremic pruritus: multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical studies","volume":"16","author":"Wikstr\u00f6m","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1159\/000077841","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative study on the effects of naltrexone and loratadine on uremic pruritus","volume":"208","author":"Legroux-Crespel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V113514","article-title":"Naltrexone does not relieve uremic pruritus: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study","volume":"11","author":"Pauli-Magnus","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70013-6","article-title":"Topical capsaicin for treatment of hemodialysis-related pruritus","volume":"26","author":"Breneman","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib62","first-page":"137","article-title":"Topical capsaicin therapy for uremic pruritus in patients on hemodialysis","volume":"4","author":"Makhlough","year":"2010","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3567527","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3567527","article-title":"Uremic pruritus is not associated with endocannabinoid receptor 1 gene polymorphisms","volume":"2016","author":"Heisig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2280","article-title":"Clinical findings and provision of care in haemodialysis patients with chronic itch: new results from the German Epidemiological Haemodialysis Itch study","volume":"96","author":"Hayani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2009.095745","article-title":"Comparison of cutaneous manifestations in chronic kidney disease with or without dialysis","volume":"86","author":"Khanna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib66","first-page":"86","article-title":"Cutaneous abnormalities in patients with end stage renal failure on chronic hemodialysis. A study of 458 patients","volume":"8","author":"Masmoudi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00100110","article-title":"A\u00a0longitudinal study of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients","volume":"5","author":"Mathur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1246","article-title":"Assessment of pruritus intensity: prospective study on validity and reliability of the visual analogue scale, numerical rating scale and verbal rating scale in 471 patients with chronic pruritus","volume":"92","author":"Phan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02478-2","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of uremic pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis: uremic pruritus is still a major problem for patients with end-stage renal disease","volume":"49","author":"Zucker","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1982.01650150016012","article-title":"Clinical features of pruritus among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"118","author":"Gilchrest","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0851","article-title":"Pruritus is an important factor negatively influencing the well-being of psoriatic patients","volume":"90","author":"Reich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2012.24.4.406","article-title":"Effect of the pruritus on the quality of life: a preliminary study","volume":"24","author":"Erturk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1221","article-title":"Itch severity and quality of life in patients with pruritus: preliminary validity of a Danish adaptation of the itch severity scale","volume":"92","author":"Zachariae","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.7696","article-title":"Factors mediating the impact of chronic pruritus on quality of life","volume":"150","author":"Carr","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1749","article-title":"Uraemic pruritus markedly affects the quality of life and depressive symptoms in haemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease","volume":"94","author":"Suse\u0142","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib76","first-page":"WC01","article-title":"Impact of uraemic pruritus on quality of life among end stage renal disease patients on dialysis","volume":"10","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1075","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with uraemic xerosis and pruritus","volume":"91","author":"Szepietowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2317","article-title":"Alexithymia in uraemic pruritus","volume":"96","author":"Heisig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib79","article-title":"The effect of increasing blood flow rate on severity of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients: a single clinical trial","author":"Aliasgharpour","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-004-8788-9","article-title":"Improvement in uremic symptoms after increasing daily dialysate volume in patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis with declining renal function","volume":"36","author":"Liakopoulos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.03075.x","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled trial of high-permeability haemodialysis against conventional haemodialysis in the treatment of uraemic pruritus","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.03.082","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of topical gamma-linolenic acid on refractory uremic pruritus","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1159\/000188949","article-title":"Hemodialysis-related pruritus: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of capsaicin 0.025% cream","volume":"72","author":"Tarng","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/09546630802441218","article-title":"A\u00a0pramoxine-based anti-itch lotion is more effective than a control lotion for the treatment of uremic pruritus in adult hemodialysis patients","volume":"20","author":"Young","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080002000641","article-title":"Short-term efficacy of tacrolimus ointment in severe uremic pruritus","volume":"20","author":"Pauli-Magnus","year":"2000","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh202","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective proof of concept study of the efficacy of tacrolimus ointment on uraemic pruritus (UP) in patients on chronic dialysis therapy","volume":"19","author":"Kuypers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.08.050","article-title":"Lack of efficacy of tacrolimus ointment 0.1% for treatment of hemodialysis-related pruritus: a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study","volume":"52","author":"Duque","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12895","article-title":"Effect of topical vitamin D on chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus: an open-label pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Jung","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-13-119","article-title":"Sericin cream reduces pruritus in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental study","volume":"13","author":"Aramwit","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3109\/09546639609089555","article-title":"Relief of uraemic pruritus after balneological therapy with a bath oil containing polidocanol (Balneum Hernial Plus). An open clinical study","volume":"7","author":"Wasik","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2010.22.2.143","article-title":"Effectiveness of topical chia seed oil on pruritus of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and healthy volunteers","volume":"22","author":"Jeong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197707212970304","article-title":"Relief of uremic pruritus with ultraviolet phototherapy","volume":"297","author":"Gilchrest","year":"1977","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-91-1-17","article-title":"Ultraviolet phototherapy of uremic pruritus. Long-term results and possible mechanism of action","volume":"91","author":"Gilchrest","year":"1979","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.243.18.1836","article-title":"Uremic pruritus treated with ultraviolet light","volume":"243","author":"Schultz","year":"1980","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)92654-4","article-title":"Ultraviolet phototherapy for uraemic pruritus","volume":"1","author":"Simpson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1984.tb01124.x","article-title":"UV treatment of uraemic pruritus reduces the vitamin A content of the skin","volume":"14","author":"Berne","year":"1984","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(85)80115-3","article-title":"Uremic pruritus: skin divalent ion content and response to ultraviolet phototherapy","volume":"5","author":"Blachley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05590.x","article-title":"Uraemic pruritus responsive to broadband ultraviolet (UV) B therapy does not readily respond to narrowband UVB therapy","volume":"149","author":"Hsu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.12.052","article-title":"Treatment of uremic pruritus with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy: an open pilot study","volume":"53","author":"Ada","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EWX.0000432849.47894.f9","article-title":"Evaluation of serum levels of calcium and phosphorus in uremic pruritus patients before and after narrow band ultraviolet B phototherapy","volume":"10","author":"Ragab","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Egypt Women Dermatol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12252","article-title":"Efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet phototherapy on renal pruritus","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3923\/ajd.2014.16.24","article-title":"Treatment of hemodialysis-associated pruritus with narrow band ultraviolet B phototherapy (NB-UVB) alone vs. combined NB-UVB and gabapentin","volume":"6","author":"El-Kamel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.198464","article-title":"A\u00a0controlled trial of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy for the treatment of uremic pruritus","volume":"83","author":"Sherjeena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh496","article-title":"Gabapentin therapy for pruritus in haemodialysis patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial","volume":"19","author":"Gunal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib105","first-page":"378","article-title":"Gabapentin: a promising drug for the treatment of uremic pruritus","volume":"18","author":"Naini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-28002012000200007","article-title":"Uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients: treatment with desloratidine versus gabapentin","volume":"34","author":"Marquez","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bras Nefrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib107","first-page":"22","article-title":"Comparison of gabapentin and ketotifen in treatment of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients","volume":"32","author":"Amirkhanlou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1159\/000349943","article-title":"Uraemic pruritus: relief of itching by gabapentin and pregabalin","volume":"122","author":"Rayner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2012.01655.x","article-title":"Pregabalin versus gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pruritus in maintenance haemodialysis patients: a prospective, crossover study","volume":"17","author":"Solak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40697-016-0107-8","article-title":"Gabapentin for uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients: a qualitative systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Lau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Kidney Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2012.03.001","article-title":"Use of pregabalin in the management of chronic uremic pruritus","volume":"45","author":"Shavit","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib112","first-page":"180","article-title":"The use of pregabalin in the treatment of uraemic pruritus in\u00a0haemodialysis patients","volume":"36","author":"Aperis","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ren Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2014.10.004","article-title":"Safety of pregabalin among hemodialysis patients suffering from uremic pruritus","volume":"23","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0795-x","article-title":"Comparison of pregabalin with ondansetron in treatment of uraemic pruritus in dialysis patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study","volume":"47","author":"Yue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.171736","article-title":"Effectiveness of posthemodialysis administration of pregabalin (75\u00a0mg) in treatment resistance uremia pruritus","volume":"8","author":"Khan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp588","article-title":"Effect of a novel kappa-receptor agonist, nalfurafine hydrochloride, on severe itch in 337 haemodialysis patients: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"25","author":"Kumagai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1159\/000341268","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a novel \u0138-agonist for managing intractable pruritus in dialysis patients","volume":"36","author":"Kumagai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-015-0043-3","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of nalbuphine hydrochloride extended release tablets in hemodialysis patients with exploratory effect on pruritus","volume":"16","author":"Hawi","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A65","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.03.192","article-title":"Nalbuphine ER tablets in hemodialysis patients with severe uremic pruritus: multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"67","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04176-1","article-title":"Randomised crossover trial of naltrexone in uraemic pruritus","volume":"348","author":"Peer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(00)70251-4","article-title":"Ondansetron therapy for uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients","volume":"35","author":"Ashmore","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05172.x","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of ondansetron in renal itch","volume":"148","author":"Murphy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363901","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/363901","article-title":"Effect of sertraline on uremic pruritus improvement in ESRD patients","volume":"2012","author":"Shakiba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2012.0504","article-title":"Use of sertraline for antihistamine-refractory uremic pruritus in renal palliative care patients","volume":"16","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Palliat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12540","article-title":"Sertraline can reduce the uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patient: a double blind randomized clinical trial from Southern Iran","volume":"22","author":"Pakfetrat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hemodial Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-4758.2006.00093.x","article-title":"Cromolyn sodium: a potential therapy for uremic pruritus?","volume":"10","author":"Rosner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hemodial Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp628","article-title":"Effect of oral cromolyn sodium on CKD-associated pruritus and serum tryptase level: a double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"25","author":"Vessal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12455","article-title":"Comparison of pregabalin with doxepin in the management of uremic pruritus: a randomized single blind clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Foroutan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hemodial Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib129","first-page":"34","article-title":"Low-dose doxepin for treatment of pruritus in patients on hemodialysis","volume":"1","author":"Pour-Reza-Gholi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1991.tb04360.x","article-title":"Elevated plasma histamine in chronic uremia. Effects of ketotifen on pruritus","volume":"30","author":"Francos","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib131","first-page":"73","article-title":"Montelukast for treatment of refractory pruritus in patients on hemodialysis","volume":"1","author":"Nasrollahi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(02)00645-0","article-title":"Mirtazapine for pruritus","volume":"25","author":"Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm343","article-title":"Pentoxifylline as treatment for uraemic pruritus\u2013an addition to the weak armentarium for a common clinical symptom?","volume":"22","author":"Mettang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1159\/000187978","article-title":"Thalidomide for the treatment of uremic pruritus: a crossover randomized double-blind trial","volume":"67","author":"Silva","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-93-3-446","article-title":"Relief of idiopathic generalized pruritus in dialysis patients treated with activated oral charcoal","volume":"93","author":"Pederson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1159\/000188582","article-title":"Oral activated charcoal in patients with uremic pruritus","volume":"70","author":"Giovannetti","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.118070","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of oral nicotinamide on refractory uremic pruritus: a randomized, double-blind study","volume":"24","author":"Omidian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib138","first-page":"308","article-title":"The effect of ergocalciferol on uremic pruritus severity: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Shirazian","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ren Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(89)90021-3","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of nicergoline in the treatment of pruritus in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"83","author":"Bousquet","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197702032960508","article-title":"Pruritus in dialysis patients treated with parenteral lidocaine","volume":"296","author":"Tapia","year":"1977","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1972.03210090063037","article-title":"Heparin treatment of uremic itching","volume":"222","author":"Yatzidis","year":"1972","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6063.752","article-title":"Cholestyramine in uraemic pruritus","volume":"1","author":"Silverberg","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib143","first-page":"203","article-title":"Effects of turmeric on uremic pruritus in end stage renal disease patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Pakfetrat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3356","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12579","article-title":"The effect of aromatherapy on haemodialysis patients' pruritus","volume":"23","author":"C\u00fcrcani","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh955","article-title":"Acupuncture in haemodialysis patients at the Quchi (LI11) acupoint for refractory uraemic pruritus","volume":"20","author":"Che-Yi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196809262791307","article-title":"Disappearance of \"uremic\" itching after subtotal parathyroidectomy","volume":"279","author":"Hampers","year":"1968","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(99)00212-4","article-title":"A\u00a0study on pruritus after parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"190","author":"Chou","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12104","article-title":"Use of emollients in dry-skin conditions: consensus statement","volume":"38","author":"Moncrieff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.5414\/CP201629","article-title":"Efficacy of topical cromolyn sodium 4% on pruritus in uremic nephrogenic patients: a randomized double-blind study in 60 patients","volume":"50","author":"Feily","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04636.x","article-title":"Guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) Part II","volume":"26","author":"Ring","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-44605-8_16","article-title":"Targeting itch with ligands selective for \u03ba opioid receptors","volume":"226","author":"Cowan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib152","first-page":"515","article-title":"Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in treatment of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Ghanei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran Red Crescent Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1159\/000184487","article-title":"Electrical needle therapy of uremic pruritus","volume":"47","author":"Duo","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nephron"}],"container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863518300184?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863518300184?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T08:48:22Z","timestamp":1693644502000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733863518300184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":153,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733863518300184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8635"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8635","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"End-Stage Renal Disease Chronic Itch and Its Management","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Dermatologic Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2018.02.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}