{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:35:41Z","timestamp":1787495741937,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T18:00:46Z","timestamp":1571421646000},"page":"55-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Phototherapy for Vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Raheel","family":"Zubair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iltefat H.","family":"Hamzavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05377.x","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the worldwide prevalence of vitiligo in children\/adolescents and adults","volume":"51","author":"Kr\u00fcger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06456.x","article-title":"Effect of vitiligo on self-reported health-related quality of life","volume":"152","author":"Ongenae","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib3","series-title":"Pigmentary skin disorders","author":"Colin Theng","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2011.00606.x","article-title":"Photo(chemo)therapy for vitiligo","volume":"27","author":"Pacifico","year":"2011","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890480045006","article-title":"Treatment of vitiligo with UV-B radiation vs topical psoralen plus UV-A","volume":"133","author":"Westerhof","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.5.578","article-title":"Randomized double-blind trial of treatment of vitiligo: efficacy of psoralen-UV-A therapy vs Narrowband-UV-B therapy","volume":"143","author":"Yones","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib7","article-title":"Interventions for vitiligo","author":"Whitton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.32","article-title":"Autoimmune destruction of skin melanocytes by perilesional T cells from vitiligo patients","volume":"129","author":"van den Boorn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14416","article-title":"Increased expression of CXCR3 and its ligands in patients with vitiligo and CXCL10 as a potential clinical marker for vitiligo","volume":"174","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.05.043","article-title":"Repigmentation in vitiligo using the Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib may require concomitant light exposure","volume":"77","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.4.711","article-title":"312-nanometer ultraviolet B light (Narrow-Band UVB) induces apoptosis of\u2009 T cells within psoriatic lesions","volume":"189","author":"Ozawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12369","article-title":"T\u00a0helper 17 and Tregs: a novel proposed mechanism for NB-UVB in vitiligo","volume":"23","author":"Hegazy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(96)07454-4","article-title":"Biological effects of narrow-band (311 nm TL01) UVB irradiation: a review","volume":"38","author":"El-Ghorr","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Photochem Photobiol B"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2004.00221.x","article-title":"Narrow-band ultraviolet-B stimulates proliferation and migration of cultured melanocytes","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12480997","article-title":"Role of hair follicles in the repigmentation of vitiligo","volume":"97","author":"Cui","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04094.x","article-title":"Narrow-band UVB irradiation stimulates the migration and functional development of vitiligo-IgG antibodies-treated pigment cells","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.10.048","article-title":"New discoveries in the pathogenesis and classification of vitiligo","volume":"77","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12099","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of vitiligo in Japan","volume":"40","author":"Oiso","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11197.x","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of vitiligo: the European Dermatology Forum consensus","volume":"168","author":"Taieb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.12.041","article-title":"The Vitiligo Working Group recommendations for narrowband ultraviolet B light phototherapy treatment of vitiligo","volume":"76","author":"Mohammad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2889","article-title":"Predictive model for response rate to narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in vitiligo: a retrospective cohort study of 579 patients","volume":"98","author":"Cabrera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.0002","article-title":"Phototherapy for vitiligo: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"153","author":"Bae","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2310\/7750.2013.12053","article-title":"Low-dose oral mini-pulse dexamethasone therapy in progressive unstable vitiligo","volume":"17","author":"Kanwar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.113475","article-title":"Oral dexamethasone pulse treatment for vitiligo","volume":"44","author":"Radakovic-Fijan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.42905","article-title":"An open labeled, comparative clinical study on efficacy and tolerability of oral minipulse of steroid (OMP) alone, OMP with PUVA and broad\/narrow band UVB phototherapy in progressive vitiligo","volume":"74","author":"Rath","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.11.010","article-title":"Current and emerging treatments for vitiligo","volume":"77","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib27","first-page":"17","article-title":"Comparison between narrow-band UVB with topical corticosteroid and narrow-band UVB with placebo in the treatment of vitiligo: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Lim-Ong","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Phillipine Dermatol Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.1875","article-title":"Afamelanotide and narrowband UV-B phototherapy for the treatment of vitiligo: a randomized multicenter trial","volume":"151","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.113091","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of combined treatment with NB-UVB and topical tacrolimus versus NB-UVB alone in patients with vitiligo vulgaris: a randomized intra-individual open comparative trial","volume":"79","author":"Satyanarayan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1029","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03712.x","article-title":"Topical tacrolimus may enhance repigmentation with targeted narrowband ultraviolet B to treat vitiligo: a randomized, controlled study","volume":"34","author":"Klahan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.142.7.927","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial comparing narrowband UV-B plus 0.1% Tacrolimus ointment with narrowband UV-B plus placebo in the treatment of generalized vitiligo","volume":"142","author":"Mehrabi","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04002.x","article-title":"Treatment of vitiligo with narrowband-UVB (TL01) combined with tacrolimus ointment (0.1%) vs. placebo ointment, a randomized right\/left double-blind comparative study","volume":"25","author":"Nordal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1080\/09546630802155057","article-title":"The efficacy of pimecrolimus 1% cream plus narrow-band ultraviolet B in the treatment of vitiligo: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"20","author":"Esfandiarpour","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09778.x","article-title":"308-nm excimer lamp vs. 308-nm excimer laser for treating vitiligo: a randomized study","volume":"163","author":"Le Duff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.02.049","article-title":"Treatment of\u00a0vitiligo with the topical Janus kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib","volume":"76","author":"Rothstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.12.005","article-title":"JAK inhibitors in dermatology: the promise of a new drug class","volume":"76","author":"Damsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib37","series-title":"A Study of INCB018424 Phosphate Cream in Subjects With Vitiligo","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib38","series-title":"A Phase 2b study to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of PF-06651600 and PF-06700841 in active non-segmental vitiligo subjects","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12382","article-title":"Cutaneous carcinogenic risk evaluation in 375 patients treated with narrowband-UVB phototherapy: A 15-year experience from our Institute","volume":"34","author":"Raone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005_bib40","first-page":"55","article-title":"The effect of phototherapy and photochemotherapy on the eye","volume":"79","author":"El-fattah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med J Cairo Univ"}],"container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863519300841?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863519300841?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T10:43:18Z","timestamp":1760006598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733863519300841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733863519300841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8635"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8635","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Phototherapy for Vitiligo","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Dermatologic Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}