{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T23:47:29Z","timestamp":1792540049922,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,18]],"date-time":"2019-11-18T18:20:04Z","timestamp":1574101204000},"page":"127-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Phototherapy for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Arthur","family":"Marka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joi B.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib1","series-title":"Dermatology","first-page":"2127","article-title":"Cutaneous T-Cell lymphoma","author":"Willemze","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197608)38:2<683::AID-CNCR2820380210>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Oral methoxsalen photochemotherapy of mycosis fungoides","volume":"38","author":"Gilchrest","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(82)70029-5","article-title":"Home ultraviolet phototherapy of early mycosis fungoides: preliminary observations","volume":"6","author":"Milstein","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.11.1377","article-title":"Narrowband (311-nm) UV-B therapy for small plaque parapsoriasis and early-stage mycosis fungoides","volume":"135","author":"Hofer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/skinbio.2013.180","article-title":"Phototherapy. In: Milestones in investigative dermatology: photobiology\/photomedicine","volume":"133","author":"H\u00f6nigsmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermato"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12912","article-title":"S1-Guidelines on UV phototherapy and photochemotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Herzinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-11-881268","article-title":"The 2018 update of the WHO-EORTC classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas","volume":"133","author":"Willemze","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.13256","article-title":"First-line treatment in lymphomatoid papulosis: a retrospective multicentre study","volume":"43","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-de-Misa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2017.03.012","article-title":"Granulomatous slack skin presenting as diffuse poikiloderma and necrotic ulcers, with features of granulomatous vasculitis and response to oral prednisone, acitretin, and oral psoralen plus ultraviolet light therapy-a case report","volume":"3","author":"Puno","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib10","first-page":"353","article-title":"Pagetoid reticulosis (Woringer-Kolopp disease)","volume":"7","author":"Lichte","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.04.018","article-title":"Clinicopathologic features and treatment outcomes in Woringer-Kolopp disease","volume":"59","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-03-055749","volume":"110","author":"Olsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib13","author":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.09.033","article-title":"Guidelines for phototherapy of mycosis fungoides and S\u00e9zary syndrome: A consensus statement of the United States Cutaneous Lymphoma Consortium","volume":"74","author":"Olsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.32.0630","volume":"29","author":"Olsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.144.6.738","article-title":"Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: an aggressive variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","volume":"144","author":"Gerami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.08.043","article-title":"Phototherapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: online survey and literature review","volume":"60","author":"Carter","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.5204","article-title":"Comparison of narrowband UV-B with psoralen-UV-A phototherapy for patients with early-stage mycosis fungoides: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"155","author":"Phan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.07.040","article-title":"Local radiation and phototherapy are the most cost-effective treatments for stage IA mycosis fungoides: a comparative decision analysis model in the United States","volume":"80","author":"Xia","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)90241-4","article-title":"Treatment of mycosis fungoides with photochemotherapy (PUVA): longterm follow-up","volume":"33","author":"Herrmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12383","article-title":"Phototherapy as a first-line treatment for early-stage mycosis fungoides: the results of a large retrospective analysis","volume":"34","author":"Nikolaou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04520.x","article-title":"Carcinogenic risks of psoralen UV-A therapy and narrowband UV-B therapy in chronic plaque psoriasis: a systematic literature review","volume":"26","author":"Archier","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2012.735638","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of early mycosis fungoides patients treated with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy","volume":"25","author":"Elcin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.05.023","article-title":"The potential of narrow band UVB to induce sustained durable complete remission off-therapy in stage I mycosis fungoides","volume":"80","author":"Pavlotsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0283","article-title":"Narrowband UVB and PUVA in the treatment of mycosis fungoides: a retrospective study","volume":"87","author":"Ahmad","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(84)70030-2","article-title":"Photochemotherapy for cutaneous T cell lymphoma.A follow-up study","volume":"10","author":"H\u00f6nigsmann","year":"1984","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.07008.x","article-title":"Efficacy of 8-methoxypsoralen vs. 5-methoxypsoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy in patients with mycosis fungoides","volume":"154","author":"Wackernagel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.3.305","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of patients with early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who achieved complete remission with psoralen plus UV-A monotherapy","volume":"141","author":"Querfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.5905","article-title":"Evaluation of low-dose, low-frequency oral psoralen-UV-A treatment with or without maintenance on early-stage mycosis fungoides: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"155","author":"Vieyra-Garcia","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5830","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27627","article-title":"Time course, clinical pathways, and long-term hazards risk trends of disease progression in patients with classic mycosis fungoides","volume":"118","author":"Quaglino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197904123001501","article-title":"Risk of cutaneous carcinoma in patients treated with oral methoxsalen photochemotherapy for psoriasis","volume":"300","author":"Stern","year":"1979","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198405033101805","article-title":"Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma in patients treated with PUVA","volume":"310","author":"Stern","year":"1984","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12350.x","article-title":"The increased risk of skin cancer is persistent after discontinuation of psoralen1ultraviolet A: a cohort study","volume":"121","author":"Nijsten","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.12.1582","article-title":"Risk of squamous cell carcinoma and methoxsalen (psoralen) and UV-A radiation (PUVA). A meta-analysis","volume":"134","author":"Stern","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.5.595","article-title":"Consensus workshop on the toxic effects of long-term PUVA therapy","volume":"134","author":"Morison","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199920040-00001","article-title":"Risk of melanoma with psoralen\/ultraviolet A therapy for psoriasis. Do the known risks now outweigh the benefits?","volume":"20","author":"Lindelof","year":"1999","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70021-7","article-title":"PUVA and skin cancer. A historical cohort study on 492 patients","volume":"26","author":"Chuang","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704103361501","article-title":"Malignant melanoma inpatients treated for psoriasis with methoxsalen (psoralen) and ultraviolet A radiation (PUVA). The PUVA follow-up study","volume":"336","author":"Stern","year":"1997","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02186.x","article-title":"UVB phototherapy and skin cancer risk: a review of the literature","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08776.x","article-title":"Incidence of skin cancers in 3867 patients treated with narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy","volume":"159","author":"Hearn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1999.00507.x","article-title":"Spectrum of p53 gene mutations suggests a possible role for ultraviolet radiation in the pathogenesis of advanced cutaneous lymphomas","volume":"112","author":"McGregor","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2017.1365113","article-title":"The effect of phototherapy on progression to tumors in patients with patch and plaque stage of mycosis fungoides","volume":"29","author":"Hoot","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00127-2","article-title":"Total skin electron beam therapy followed by adjuvant psoralen\/ultraviolet-A light in the management of patients with T1 and T2 cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides)","volume":"38","author":"Quir\u00f3s","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.8.1933","article-title":"Prevention of skin cancer and reduction of keratotic skin lesions during acitretin therapy in renal transplant recipients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"13","author":"Bavinck","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1067\/S0190-9622(03)01587-1","article-title":"Oral retinoid use reduces cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma risk in patients with psoriasis treated with psoralen-UVA: a nested cohort study","volume":"49","author":"Stern","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910610119","article-title":"Induction of apoptotic cell death in non-melanoma skin cancer by interferon-alpha","volume":"61","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Villanueva","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2007.00315.x","article-title":"Bexarotene and narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy combination treatment for mycosis fungoides","volume":"23","author":"Lokitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3109\/09546630903103980","article-title":"Plaque stage mycosis fungoides treated with bexarotene at low dosage and UVB-NB","volume":"21","author":"D\u2019Acunto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(83)80215-1","article-title":"Risk of carcinogenicity in patients with psoriasis treated with methotrexate or PUVA singly or in combination","volume":"9","author":"MacKie","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib50","series-title":"Phototherapy treatment protocols for psoriasis and other phototherapy responsive dermatoses","author":"Zanolli","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.08.026","article-title":"Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: section 5. Guidelines of care for the treatment of psoriasis with phototherapy and photochemotherapy","volume":"62","author":"Menter","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863519300920?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733863519300920?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T10:42:15Z","timestamp":1760006535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733863519300920"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733863519300920"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8635"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8635","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Phototherapy for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Dermatologic Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2019.08.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}