{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:48:08Z","timestamp":1793119688965,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":328,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AR077073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AR077073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T08:57:55Z","timestamp":1681289875000},"page":"417-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Diagnosing Atopic Dermatitis in Skin of Color"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Waleed","family":"Adawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Cornman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anusha","family":"Kambala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanae","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn G.","family":"Kwatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.3390\/life11090936","article-title":"The epidemiology and global burden of atopic dermatitis: a narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Hadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.251","article-title":"Eczema prevalence in the United States: data from the 2003 National Survey of Children\u2019s Health","volume":"131","author":"Shaw","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0000000000000034","article-title":"Associations of childhood eczema severity: a US population based study","volume":"25","author":"Silverberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatitis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.08.028","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis in america study: a cross-sectional study examining the prevalence and disease burden of atopic dermatitis in the US adult population","volume":"139","author":"Chiesa Fuxench","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-021-02219-w","article-title":"Secular trends of atopic dermatitis and its comorbidities in United States children between 1997 and 2018","volume":"314","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leasure A.C. and Cohen J.M., Prevalence of eczema among adults in the United States: a cross-sectional study in the All of Us research program, Arch Dermatol Res, 2022, 1\u20133. Epub ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-022-02328-0"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.07.006","article-title":"Patient burden and quality of life in atopic dermatitis in US adults: a population-based cross-sectional study","volume":"121","author":"Silverberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.11.014","article-title":"Real-world comorbidities of atopic dermatitis in the US adult ambulatory population","volume":"86","author":"Roh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.10.024","article-title":"Health care resource utilization and costs among adults with atopic dermatitis in the United States: a claims-based analysis","volume":"6","author":"Drucker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.03.016","article-title":"Real-world comorbidities of atopic dermatitis in the pediatric ambulatory population in the United States","volume":"85","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-021-01630-z","article-title":"Psychosocial comorbidities and health status among adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a 2017 us national health and wellness survey analysis","volume":"38","author":"Kwatra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chovatiya R., Begolka W.S., Thibau I.J., et al., Financial burden and impact of atopic dermatitis out-of-pocket healthcare expenses among black individuals in the United States, Arch Dermatol Res, 314 (8), 2022, 739\u2013747.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-021-02282-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90105-w","article-title":"Transcriptomic analysis of atopic dermatitis in African Americans is characterized by Th2\/Th17-centered cutaneous immune activation","volume":"11","author":"Wongvibulsin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines6040098","article-title":"Racial and gender differences in the presentation of pruritus","volume":"6","author":"Whang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicines"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1390","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1390","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms of itch and pain in atopic dermatitis and implications for novel therapeutics","volume":"11","author":"Kwatra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2018.10.3.207","article-title":"Significance of skin barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib17","article-title":"Itch: pathogenesis and treatment","author":"Sutaria","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.161","article-title":"Changes in the ceramide profile of atopic dermatitis patients","volume":"130","author":"Persikov","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2014.10.001","article-title":"Relationship of ceramide\u2013, and free fatty acid\u2013cholesterol ratios in the stratum corneum with skin barrier function of normal, atopic dermatitis lesional and non-lesional skins","volume":"77","author":"Joo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2010.06.003","article-title":"Structural and functional differences in barrier properties of African American, Caucasian and East Asian skin","volume":"59","author":"Muizzuddin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.03.036","article-title":"Meta-analysis of filaggrin polymorphisms in eczema and asthma: robust risk factors in atopic disease","volume":"123","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.008","article-title":"The persistence of atopic dermatitis and filaggrin (FLG) mutations in a US longitudinal cohort","volume":"130","author":"Margolis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12749","article-title":"Filaggrin-2 barrier protein inversely varies with skin inflammation","volume":"24","author":"Seykora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.09.015","article-title":"Filaggrin-2 variation is associated with more persistent atopic dermatitis in African American subjects","volume":"133","author":"Margolis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13806","article-title":"The tight junction gene Claudin-1 is associated with atopic dermatitis among Ethiopians","volume":"30","author":"Asad","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.03.047","article-title":"Cytokines and chemokines orchestrate atopic skin inflammation","volume":"118","author":"Homey","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.03957.x","article-title":"Structural diversity of mast cell granules in black and white skin","volume":"144","author":"Sueki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.08.024","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis in African American patients is TH2\/TH22-skewed with TH1\/TH17 attenuation","volume":"122","author":"Sanyal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(75)90114-1","article-title":"Causes of variation in serum IgE levels in normal populations","volume":"56","author":"Grundbacher","year":"1975","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2014.04.024","article-title":"Association between genes encoding components of the IL-4\/IL-4 receptor pathway and dermatitis in children","volume":"545","author":"Hussein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2017.08.008","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis: two different immune diseases or one spectrum?","volume":"48","author":"Guttman-Yassky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e140","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16871","article-title":"Evidence for different immune signatures and sensitization patterns in sub-Saharan African vs. Central European atopic dermatitis patients","volume":"35","author":"Lang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01325.x","article-title":"Prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in 13-to 14-year-old children in Africa: the international study of asthma and allergies in childhood phase III","volume":"62","author":"Ait-Khaled","year":"2007","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-020-00551-x","article-title":"Skin Microbiome and its Interplay with the Environment","volume":"21","author":"Callewaert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.09.015","article-title":"Reframing racial and ethnic disparities in atopic dermatitis in Black and Latinx populations","volume":"148","author":"Croce","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14058","article-title":"Structural racism and its influence on the severity of atopic dermatitis in African American children","volume":"37","author":"Tackett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.09.036","article-title":"Longitudinal atopic dermatitis endotypes: an atopic march paradigm that includes Black children","volume":"149","author":"Biagini","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08530.x","article-title":"The UK working party\u2019s diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis. I. Derivation of a minimum set of discriminators for atopic dermatitis","volume":"131","author":"Williams","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(18)30657-0","article-title":"Pediatric dermatology in black patients","volume":"6","author":"McLaurin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15574","article-title":"Distribution of atopic dermatitis lesions in United States adults","volume":"33","author":"Silverberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02360.x","article-title":"Current epidemiology of atopic dermatitis in south-eastern Nigeria","volume":"43","author":"Nnoruka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01740.x","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis in African American children: addressing unmet needs of a common disease","volume":"29","author":"Vachiramon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.03.033","article-title":"Lichenoid and other clinical presentations of atopic dermatitis in an inner city practice","volume":"58","author":"Allen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04965.x","article-title":"Reliance on erythema scores may mask severe atopic dermatitis in black children compared with their white counterparts","volume":"147","author":"Ben-Gashir","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib45","first-page":"387","article-title":"Common dermatologic disorders in skin of color: a comparative practice survey","volume":"80","author":"Alexis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13514","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis in diverse racial and ethnic groups\u2014Variations in epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation and treatment","volume":"27","author":"Kaufman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.15124","article-title":"Delayed medical care due to transportation barriers among US children with atopic dermatitis","volume":"39","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2019.02.024","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic variation in use of ambulatory and emergency care for atopic dermatitis among US children","volume":"139","author":"Wan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2019.0597","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in atopic dermatitis\u2013related school absences among US children","volume":"155","author":"Wan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555924447","article-title":"Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis","volume":"92","author":"HanifIn","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib51","first-page":"633","article-title":"Racial disparities in the clinical presentation and prognosis of patients with mycosis fungoides","volume":"111","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Med Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib52","article-title":"Diagnostic workup and evaluation of patients with prurigo nodularis","volume":"6","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicines (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.07.076","article-title":"Itch: epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic workup","volume":"86","author":"Roh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib54","volume":"83","author":"Huang","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.02.756","article-title":"A\u00a0nationwide study of prurigo nodularis: disease burden and healthcare utilization in the United States","author":"Wongvibulsin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20957","article-title":"Latent class analysis identification of prurigo nodularis comorbidity phenotypes","volume":"186","author":"Wongvibulsin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.08.072","article-title":"Racial differences in dermatologic conditions associated with HIV: a cross-sectional study of 4679 patients in an urban tertiary care center","volume":"82","author":"Bender","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14652","article-title":"Association of prurigo nodularis and infectious disease hospitalizations: a national cross-sectional study","author":"Sutaria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.04.047","article-title":"Ethnic differences and comorbidities of 909 prurigo nodularis patients","volume":"79","author":"Boozalis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.02.581","article-title":"Cluster analysis of circulating plasma biomarkers in prurigo nodularis reveals a distinct systemic inflammatory signature in African Americans","author":"Sutaria","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib61","article-title":"Racial disparities in mortality among patients with prurigo nodularis: a multi-center cohort study","author":"Sutaria","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sutaria N., Semenov Y.R. and Kwatra S.G., Understanding racial disparities in prurigo nodularis, J Am Acad Dermatol, 87 (3), E111-E112,2022.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.05.014"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib63","first-page":"650","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in access to emerging and frontline therapies in common dermatological conditions: a cross-sectional study","volume":"112","author":"Bell","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01797.x","article-title":"Reporting, representation, and subgroup analysis of race and ethnicity in published clinical trials of atopic dermatitis in the United States between 2000 and 2009","volume":"29","author":"Hirano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02234.x","article-title":"Use of pimecrolimus cream 1%(Elidel\u00ae) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in infants and children: the effects of ethnic origin and baseline disease severity on treatment outcome","volume":"44","author":"Eichenfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-019-00450-w","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of crisaborole ointment, 2%, for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis across racial and ethnic groups","volume":"20","author":"Callender","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eichenfield LF, Stein Gold LF, Chiesa Fuxench ZC, Venturanza ME, Brar KK. Safety and efficacy over 8 weeks and disease control over 52 weeks with ruxolitinib cream among Black or African American patients with atopic dermatitis: Pooled results from two phase 3 studies. Presented at: 2022 American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting. Abstract: 34794. American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting. Published online 2022.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.06.752"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.08.042","article-title":"Treatment of atopic dermatitis with ruxolitinib cream (JAK1\/JAK2 inhibitor) or triamcinolone cream","volume":"145","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.12.015","article-title":"Delgocitinib ointment, a topical Janus kinase inhibitor, in adult patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis: a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study and an open-label, long-term extension study","volume":"82","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9412","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249412","article-title":"IL-24 negatively regulates keratinocyte differentiation induced by Tapinarof, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulator: Implication in the treatment of atopic dermatitis","volume":"21","author":"Vu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s93","DOI":"10.25251\/skin.4.supp.93","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of roflumilast cream 0.15% and 0.05% in atopic dermatitis: phase 2 proof-of-concept study","volume":"4","author":"Gooderham","year":"2020","journal-title":"SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.10.013","article-title":"Dupilumab improves the molecular signature in skin of patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis","volume":"134","author":"Hamilton","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib73","first-page":"804","article-title":"Efficacy of dupilumab in different racial subgroups of adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in three randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials","volume":"18","author":"Alexis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Drugs Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19574","article-title":"Tralokinumab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: results from two 52-week, randomized, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled phase III trials (ECZTRA 1 and ECZTRA 2)","volume":"184","author":"Wollenberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"10290","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00588-2","article-title":"Once-daily upadacitinib versus placebo in adolescents and adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (Measure Up 1 and Measure Up 2): results from two replicate double-blind, randomised controlled phase 3 trials","volume":"397","author":"Guttman-Yassky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10290","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00589-4","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of upadacitinib in combination with topical corticosteroids in adolescents and adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD Up): results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"397","author":"Reich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10348","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01199-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of abrocitinib versus dupilumab in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre phase 3 trial","volume":"400","author":"Reich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2019380","article-title":"Abrocitinib versus placebo or dupilumab for atopic dermatitis","volume":"384","author":"Bieber","year":"2021","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04583.x","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the use of complementary and alternative medicine by Korean patients with androgenetic alopecia, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.06.033","article-title":"Differences in psychometric properties of clinician- and patient-reported outcome measures for atopic dermatitis by race and skin tone: a systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Kaundinya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Dermatologic Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S073386352300013X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S073386352300013X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T10:45:33Z","timestamp":1760006733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S073386352300013X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S073386352300013X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8635"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8635","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diagnosing Atopic Dermatitis in Skin of Color","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Dermatologic Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}