{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T19:47:35Z","timestamp":1771530455631,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,4]],"date-time":"2005-04-04T13:29:06Z","timestamp":1112621346000},"page":"183-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Tetrahydrobiopterin and nitric oxide synthase dimer levels are not changed following hypoxia\u2013ischemia in the newborn rat"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Mark S.","family":"Wainwright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Arteaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kandasamy","family":"Ravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald H.","family":"Chace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1042\/0264-6021:3570593","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthases: structure, function and inhibition","volume":"357","author":"Alderton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-3806(01)00302-9","article-title":"Multiple pathways of neuroprotection against oxidative stress and excitotoxic injury in immature primary hippocampal neurons","volume":"132","author":"Almli","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.1995.1005","article-title":"Direct measurement of nitric oxide in solutions with ozone-based chemiluminescent detector","volume":"7","author":"Beckman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199908000-00016","article-title":"Increased nitric oxide synthesis is not involved in delayed cerebral energy failure following focal hypoxic\u2013ischemic injury to the developing brain","volume":"46","author":"Blumberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1080\/10715769900301161","article-title":"Endogenous nitric oxide synthesis: biological functions and pathophysiology","volume":"31","author":"Bredt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Free Radical Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000059220.39578.3D","article-title":"Neonatal blood carnitine concentrations: normative data by electrospray tandem mass spectometry","volume":"53","author":"Chace","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4618","DOI":"10.1021\/bi011877t","article-title":"Control of nitric oxide synthase dimer assembly by a heme-NO-dependent mechanism","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-03-00878.1999","article-title":"Blockade of tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis protects neurons after transient forebrain ischemia in rat: a novel role for the cofactor","volume":"19","author":"Cho","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.001131","article-title":"The role of glutamate toxicity in hypoxic\u2013ischemic neuronal cell death","volume":"13","author":"Choi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.01055.x","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency increases neuronal vulnerability to hypoxia","volume":"82","author":"Delgado-Esteban","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410350707","article-title":"Excitotoxicity, free radicals and cell membrane changes","volume":"35","author":"Dugan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1159\/000046143","article-title":"Oxidant mechanisms in neonatal hypoxia\u2013ischemia","volume":"23","author":"Ferriero","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199512000-00014","article-title":"Selective destruction of nitric oxide synthase neurons with quisqualate reduces damage after hypoxia\u2013ischemia in the neonatal rat","volume":"38","author":"Ferriero","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.1996.0006","article-title":"Neonatal mice lacking neuronal nitric oxide synthase are less vulnerable to hypoxic\u2013ischemic injury","volume":"3","author":"Ferriero","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5","article-title":"A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues","volume":"226","author":"Folch","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440311","article-title":"Copper\/zinc superoxide dismutase transgenic brain accumulates hydrogen peroxide after perinatal hypoxia ischemia","volume":"44","author":"Fullerton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90455-3","article-title":"Neuroprotection from ischemic brain injury by hypoxic preconditioning in the neonatal rat","volume":"168","author":"Gidday","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199509000-00006","article-title":"Reduction in cerebral ischemic injury in the newborn rat by potentiation of endogenous adenosine","volume":"38","author":"Gidday","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199903000-00011","article-title":"Nitric oxide mediates cerebral ischemic tolerance in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic preconditioning","volume":"19","author":"Gidday","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19970701)49:1<89::AID-JNR10>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Regulation of cerebellar nitric oxide production in response to prolonged in vivo hypoxia","volume":"49","author":"Guo","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7522345","article-title":"Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice deficient in neuronal nitric oxide synthase","volume":"265","author":"Huang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(01)00237-6","article-title":"Prolonged suppression of brain nitric oxide synthase activity by 7-nitroindazole protects against cerebral hypoxic\u2013ischemic injury in the neonatal rat","volume":"23","author":"Ishida","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200106000-00003","article-title":"Neurobiology of hypoxic\u2013ischemic injury in the developing brain","volume":"49","author":"Johnston","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S1385-299X(01)00081-2","article-title":"Determination of tetrahydrobiopterin in murine locus coeruleus by HPLC with fluorescence detection","volume":"8","author":"Kaneko","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res. Brain Res. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.13.070193.001401","article-title":"New tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent systems","volume":"13","author":"Kaufman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36726-1","article-title":"The pteridine binding site of brain nitric oxide synthase. Tetrahydrobiopterin binding kinetics, specificity, and allosteric interaction with the substrate domain","volume":"269","author":"Klatt","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3687","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00038.x","article-title":"Structural analysis of porcine brain nitric oxide synthase reveals a role for tetrahydrobiopterin and -arginine in the formation of an SDS-resistant dimer","volume":"14","author":"Klatt","year":"1995","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2980249","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthases in mammals","volume":"298","author":"Knowles","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1042\/0264-6021:3460767","article-title":"Allosteric regulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by tetrahydorbiopterin and suppression of auto-damaging superoxide","volume":"346","author":"Kotsonis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)31375-9","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthase structure and mechanism","volume":"268","author":"Marletta","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9480-9_22","article-title":"Understanding the structural aspects of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) using microdissection by molecular cloning techniques: molecular dissection of neuronal NOS","volume":"387","author":"Masters","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199204002-00016","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthase-catalyzed activation of oxygen and reduction of cytochromes: reaction mechanisms and possible physiologic implications","volume":"20","author":"Mayer","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00531-4","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide is selectively toxic to immature murine neurons in vitro","volume":"231","author":"Mischel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-3806(00)00088-2","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthase activity and inhibition after neonatal hypoxia ischemia in the mouse brain","volume":"123","author":"Muramatsu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.54.070185.003501","article-title":"Biosynthesis and metabolism of tetrahydobiopterin and molybdopterin","volume":"54","author":"Nichol","year":"1985","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23349","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100687200","article-title":"Calmodulin activates intersubunit electron transfer in the neuronal nitric-oxide synthase dimer","volume":"276","author":"Panda","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35745-4","article-title":"Generation of superoxide by purified brain nitric oxide synthase","volume":"267","author":"Pou","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9573","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.14.9573","article-title":"Mechanism of superoxide generation by neuronal nitric oxide synthase","volume":"274","author":"Pou","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24921","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.35.24921","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin inhibits monomerization and is consumed during catalysis in neuronal NO synthase","volume":"274","author":"Reif","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410090206","article-title":"The influence of immaturity on hypoxic\u2013ischemic brain damage in the rat","volume":"9","author":"Rice","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11462","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.19.11462","article-title":"Endothelial nitric-oxide synthase. Expression in Escherichia coli, spectroscopic characterization, and role of tetrahydrobiopterin in dimer formation","volume":"271","author":"Rodriguez-Crespo","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30036","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M104123200","article-title":"Intra-subunit and inter-subunit electron transfer in neuronal nitric-oxide synthase: effect of calmodulin on heterodimer catalysis","volume":"276","author":"Sagami","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib43","first-page":"6","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin is required for cytokine-induced nitric oxide production in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264)","volume":"1993","author":"Sakai","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s007750000185","article-title":"Formation of a protonated trihydrobiopterin radical cation in the first reaction cycle of neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthase detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"6","author":"Schmidt","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(97)00224-6","article-title":"Growth factor induction of nitric oxide synthase in rat pheochromocytoma cells","volume":"52","author":"Sheehy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(03)00172-2","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide stimulates tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis through the induction of GTP-cyclohydrolase I and increases nitric oxide synthase activity in vascular endothelial cells","volume":"34","author":"Shimizu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevNeurobiol.v12.i3.40","article-title":"Nitric oxide in cerebral ischemic neurodegeneration and excitotoxicity","volume":"12","author":"Stribjos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(99)00016-X","article-title":"Mammalian nitric oxide synthases","volume":"1411","author":"Stuehr","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/0264-6021:3470001","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis, regeneration and functions","volume":"347","author":"Th\u00f6ny","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib50","series-title":"Neurology of the Newborn","article-title":"Hypoxic\u2013ishcemic encephalopathy","author":"Volpe","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2003.09.012","article-title":"p21ras activation following hypoxia\u2013ischemia in the newborn rat brain is dependent on nitric oxide synthase activity but p21ras does not contribute to neurologic injury","volume":"146","author":"Wainwright","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000085036.07561.9C","article-title":"l-carnitine reduces brain injury after hypoxia\u2013ischemia in newborn rats","volume":"54","author":"Wainwright","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(97)81008-7","article-title":"Determination of tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic activities by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection","volume":"281","author":"Werner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.6.1599","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent formation of nitrite and nitrate in murine fibroblasts","volume":"172","author":"Werner-Felmayer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6770","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.13.6770","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthase generates superoxide and nitric oxide in arginine-depleted cells leading to peroxynitrite-mediated cellular injury","volume":"93","author":"Xia","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1249","article-title":"A nitric oxide donor induces neurogenesis and reduces functional deficits after stroke in rats","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)04223-3","article-title":"l-arginine increases ischemic injury in wild-type mice but not in iNOS-deficient mice","volume":"966","author":"Zhao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res."}],"container-title":["Developmental Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165380605000568?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165380605000568?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:26:29Z","timestamp":1625703989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165380605000568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0165380605000568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-3806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-3806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}}}