{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T18:09:21Z","timestamp":1759514961196,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]],"date-time":"2017-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/J500021\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/J500021\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","disabilityandhealthjnl.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Disability and Health Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T12:32:03Z","timestamp":1485347523000},"page":"509-517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Levels of disability in the older population of England: Comparing binary and ordinal classifications"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8539-1554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedetta","family":"Pongiglione","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George B.","family":"Ploubidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca L.","family":"De Stavola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czr047","article-title":"Models and measurement in disability: an international review","volume":"27","author":"Palmer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib2","series-title":"Chapter 4-late-life Disability Trends and Trajectories. Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences","first-page":"77","author":"Wolf","year":"2016"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0009.2005.00406.x","article-title":"Perspectives on the recent decline in disability at older ages","volume":"83","author":"Wolf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S288","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/55.5.S288","article-title":"Implications of asking \u201cambiguous\u201d difficulty questions: an analysis of the second wave of the asset and health dynamics of the oldest old study","volume":"55","author":"Freedman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol Ser B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90426-X","article-title":"How measurement techniques influence estimates of disability in older populations","volume":"38","author":"Jette","year":"1994","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"10020","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00947-2","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of health expectancies over two decades in England: results of the cognitive function and ageing study I and II","volume":"387","author":"Jagger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbu182","article-title":"Disability trajectories at the end of life: a \u201ccountdown\u201d model","volume":"70","author":"Wolf","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib8","first-page":"25","article-title":"Disability declines and trends in medicare expenditures","volume":"2","author":"Manton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ageing Horiz"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)00178-H","article-title":"When is cancer pain mild, moderate or severe? Grading pain severity by its interference with function","volume":"61","author":"Serlin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-009-0161-y","article-title":"The mental health of young people with disabilities: impact of social conditions","volume":"46","author":"Honey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib11","first-page":"39","article-title":"Relationship between hand grip strength and functional disability of the elderly living in nursing homes in Kerman, Southeastern Iran","volume":"8","author":"Feyzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Occup Hyg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.03145.x","article-title":"Loss of muscle strength, mass (sarcopenia), and quality (specific force) and its relationship with functional limitation and physical disability: the concord health and ageing in men project","volume":"58","author":"Hairi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"year":"2011","author":"World Health Organization","series-title":"World Bank. World Report on Disability","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib13"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys168","article-title":"Cohort profile: the english longitudinal study of ageing","volume":"42","author":"Steptoe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0160-8","article-title":"Disability and all-cause mortality in the older population: evidence from the english longitudinal study of ageing","volume":"31","author":"Pongiglione","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5686","article-title":"Methods for dealing with time-dependent confounding","volume":"32","author":"Daniel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington Group on Disability Statistics 2015 [cited 2016 25 Feb], Available from: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/washington_group\/wg_questions.htm.","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib17"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.143.1.7063747","article-title":"The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve","volume":"143","author":"Hanley","year":"1982","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-011-0055-4","article-title":"Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for medical researchers","volume":"48","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"unstructured":"Office for National Statistics, General Lifestyle Survey Overview, a report on the 2011 General Lifestyle Survey 2013 [cited 2016 April 22, 2016], Available from: http:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/personalandhouseholdfinances\/incomeandwealth\/compendium\/generallifestylesurvey\/2013-03-07\/chapter7generalhealthgenerallifestylesurveyoverviewareportonthe2011generallifestylesurvey.","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib20"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0081-1750.2003.t01-1-00131.x","article-title":"Multilevel latent class models","volume":"33","author":"Vermunt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sociol Methodol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701575396","article-title":"Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: a Monte Carlo simulation study","volume":"14","author":"Nylund","year":"2007","journal-title":"Struct Equ Model A Multidiscip J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780091214","article-title":"Relation of pooled logistic regression to time dependent Cox regression analysis: the Framingham heart study","volume":"9","author":"D'Agostino","year":"1990","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"year":"2010","author":"Muth\u00e9n","series-title":"Growth Modeling with Latent Variables Using Mplus: Introductory and Intermediate Growth Models","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib24"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1177\/0081175012470644","article-title":"Estimating the association between latent class membership and external variables using bias-adjusted three-step approaches","volume":"43","author":"Bakk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sociol Methodol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2014.955104","article-title":"Robustness of stepwise latent class modeling with continuous distal outcomes","volume":"23","author":"Bakk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Struct Equ Model A Multidiscip J"}],"container-title":["Disability and Health Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1936657417300079?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1936657417300079?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T17:54:48Z","timestamp":1536083688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1936657417300079"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1936657417300079"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-6574"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1936-6574"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Levels of disability in the older population of England: Comparing binary and ordinal classifications","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Disability and Health Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.01.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}