{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:21:59Z","timestamp":1790882519783,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,24]],"date-time":"2011-07-24T01:37:47Z","timestamp":1311471467000},"page":"533-539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Silent myocardial ischaemia and risk factors in a diabetic Afro-Caribbean population"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Blanchet Deverly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Amara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Larifla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.L.","family":"Velayoudom-C\u00e9phise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Roques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kangambega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Hue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Foucan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0005","unstructured":"Caisse Nationale d\u2019Assurance Maladie, Dossier \u00c9pid\u00e9miologie du diab\u00e8te trait\u00e9, www.ameli.fr 2007."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf111","article-title":"Age and the burden of death attributable to diabetes in the United States","volume":"156","author":"Saydah","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.8.1818","article-title":"Coronary angioplasty in diabetic patients. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Registry","volume":"94","author":"Kip","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.7.1138","article-title":"Mortality in adults with and without diabetes in a national cohort of the U.S. population, 1971\u20131993","volume":"21","author":"Gu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.10.1134","article-title":"Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association","volume":"100","author":"Grundy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-005-0039-8","article-title":"Silent myocardial ischemia: recent developments","volume":"7","author":"Cohn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6743.92","article-title":"Prevalence of asymptomatic myocardial ischaemia in diabetic subjects","volume":"301","author":"Koistinen","year":"1990","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.11.2722","article-title":"Predictive value of silent myocardial ischemia for cardiac events in diabetic patients: influence of age in a French multicenter study","volume":"28","author":"Valensi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0045","first-page":"338","article-title":"Identifying myocardial ischaemia in diabetics. SFC\/ALFEDIAM joint recommendations","volume":"97","author":"Puel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.55.4.613","article-title":"Echocardiographic determination of left ventricular mass in man. Anatomic validation of the method","volume":"55","author":"Devereux","year":"1977","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90617-V","article-title":"Patterns of left ventricular hypertrophy and geometric remodeling in essential hypertension","volume":"19","author":"Ganau","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0060","first-page":"77","article-title":"Guidelines of the French Society of Cardiology for exercise testing of adults in cardiology","volume":"90","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0065","first-page":"695","article-title":"Nuclear Cardiology MRI Group. Recommendations for the performance and interpretation of myocardial perfusion tomoscintigraphy","volume":"96","author":"Manrique","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0070","first-page":"851","article-title":"Groupe de travail cardiologie nucl\u00e9aire et IRM. Update of recommendations for nuclear cardiology stress tests in adults and children","volume":"95","author":"Manrique","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0075","series-title":"\u00c9chocardiographie clinique de l\u2019adulte","article-title":"Physiopathologie; logistique","author":"Cohen","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00699-6","article-title":"Prevalence of unrecognized silent myocardial ischemia and its association with atherosclerotic risk factors in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"79","author":"Milan Study on Atherosclerosis and Diabetes (MiSAD) Group","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.08.015","article-title":"Yield of stress single-photon emission computed tomography in asymptomatic patients with diabetes","volume":"147","author":"Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0090","first-page":"409","article-title":"Silent myocardial ischaemia and left ventricle hypertrophy in diabetic patients","volume":"23","author":"Valensi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202063260605","article-title":"Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease","volume":"326","author":"Criqui","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000164147.60036.67","article-title":"Screening asymptomatic diabetic patients for coronary artery disease prior to renal transplantation","volume":"79","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.8.1954","article-title":"Detection of silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic diabetic subjects: the DIAD study","volume":"27","author":"Wackers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1002126","article-title":"Ethnicity and cardiovascular disease prevention in the United Kingdom: a practical approach to management","volume":"21","author":"Lip","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2005.00485.x","article-title":"Does ethnic origin have an independent impact on hypertension and diabetic complications?","volume":"8","author":"Baskar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00404333","article-title":"Relationship of glucose intolerance to coronary risk in Afro-Caribbeans compared with Europeans","volume":"37","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000173512.30116.52","article-title":"The question of the role of ethnicity on cardiovascular risk: does it matter where we come from?","volume":"23","author":"Bolli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2855","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4701.099488","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: part II: variations in cardiovascular disease by specific ethnic groups and geographic regions and prevention strategies","volume":"104","author":"Yusuf","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000130427.84114.50","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular risk factors among stroke survivors: United States 1999 to 2001","volume":"35","author":"McGruder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.8.1271","article-title":"Ethnicity and cardiovascular disease. The incidence of myocardial infarction in white, South Asian, and Afro-Caribbean patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"21","author":"U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study 32","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/S1885-5857(07)60196-0","article-title":"Predictive value of differential pulse pressure in the diagnosis of silent myocardial ischemia in patients with type-2 diabetes","volume":"60","author":"Gomez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S1262-3636(07)70187-8","article-title":"Markers for silent myocardial ischemia in diabetes. Are they helpful?","volume":"31","author":"Cosson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16895-5","article-title":"Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"364","author":"Colhoun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)12323-7","article-title":"Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE sub study. Heart outcomes prevention evaluation study investigators","volume":"355","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7329.71","article-title":"Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients","volume":"324","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00191-9","article-title":"Usefulness of beta-blocker therapy in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease. Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) Study Group","volume":"77","author":"Jonas","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7160.703","article-title":"Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38","volume":"317","author":"UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021778","article-title":"Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"348","author":"Gaede","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2729","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-9927","article-title":"Screening for coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Bax","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070829","article-title":"Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease","volume":"356","author":"Boden","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1262363611001194?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1262363611001194?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T10:27:11Z","timestamp":1543660031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1262363611001194"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1262363611001194"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.05.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1262-3636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1262-3636","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}}}