{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:12:14Z","timestamp":1790377934830,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesresearchclinicalpractice.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,30]],"date-time":"2016-04-30T07:15:21Z","timestamp":1462000521000},"page":"82-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The prevalence of early subclinical somatic neuropathy in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and its association with the persistence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and islet antigen-2 (IA-2)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Louraki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Katsalouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Kanaka-Gantenbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolitsa","family":"Kafassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Critselis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Kallinikou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charalampos","family":"Tsentidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyriaki","family":"Karavanaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2009.00636.x","article-title":"A 5-yr follow-up nerve conduction study for the detection of subclinical diabetic neuropathy in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2012.03685.x","article-title":"Childhood diabetic neuropathy: functional impairment and non invasive screening assessment","volume":"29","author":"Blankenburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0015","first-page":"177","article-title":"Effect of intensive diabetes treatment on the development and progression of long-term complications in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: diabetes control and complication trial","volume":"122","author":"Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2112","article-title":"The diabetes control and complications trial\/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study at 30years: overview","volume":"37","author":"DCCT\/EDIC Research Group","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(03)00129-2","article-title":"Autonomic function and autoantibodies to autonomic nervous tissues at follow-up in a cohort of young patients with type 1 diabetes. Effects of serum from diabetic patients on human adrenergic cells","volume":"139","author":"Zanone","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-7-544","article-title":"Risk for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is associated with HLA-DR3\/4 phenotype in type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"116","author":"Barzilay","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00012512","article-title":"Role of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes","volume":"59","author":"Jun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00404084","article-title":"Persisting antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus are not associated with neuropathy (Letter)","volume":"36","author":"Tuomi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115573","article-title":"Autoimmunity to two forms of glutamate decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"89","author":"Kaufman","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(98)00033-2","article-title":"Autonomic function and autoantibodies to autonomic nervous structures, glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet tyrosine phosphatase in adolescent patients with IDDM","volume":"87","author":"Zanone","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.2.210","article-title":"No association of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and diabetic complications in patients with IDDM","volume":"18","author":"Roll","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2013.845527","article-title":"Immunology of stiff person syndrome and other GAD-associated neurological disorders","volume":"9","author":"Alexopoulos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00564.x","article-title":"ICA 512, an autoantigen of type I diabetes, is an intrinsic membrane protein of neurosecretory granules","volume":"15","author":"Solimena","year":"1996","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2003.50003","article-title":"Glutamic acid decarboxylase and ICA512\/IA-2 autoantibodies as disease markers and relationship to residual beta-cell function and glycemic control in young type 1 diabetic patients","volume":"52","author":"Zanone","year":"2003","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0075","series-title":"The electromyographer\u2019s handbook","author":"Sethi","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0080","series-title":"Electromyography and neuromuscular disorders: clinical electrophysiologic correlations","author":"Preston","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.5.1128","article-title":"Diabetes antibody standardization program: first assay proficiency evaluation","volume":"52","author":"Bingley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.1.27","article-title":"Comparative analysis of organ-specific autoantibodies and celiac disease-associated antibodies in type 1 diabetic patients, their first degree relatives, and healthy control subjects","volume":"24","author":"Jaeger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0095","first-page":"3297","article-title":"Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and peripheral nerve function in type 1 diabetes","volume":"85","author":"Hoeldtke","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.6.1087","article-title":"Peripheral nerve function is increasingly impaired during puberty in adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"24","author":"Riihimaa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-543X.2004.00041.x","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy in children and adolescents (review)","volume":"5","author":"Trotta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatric Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2006.00208.x","article-title":"Comparison of conventional and non-invasive techniques for the early identification of diabetic neuropathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Nelson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0115","series-title":"Diabetic neuropathy","first-page":"256","article-title":"Diabetic polyneuropathy","author":"Dyck","year":"1991"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/94.2.241","article-title":"Sensory potentials in polyneuropathy","volume":"94","author":"Buchthal","year":"1971","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(98)00141-6","article-title":"Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"20","author":"Bao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0130","first-page":"169","article-title":"Sensory nerve conduction studies of the less frequently examined nerves","volume":"35","author":"Karandreas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2009.06.007","article-title":"The two sensory branches of the superficial peroneal nerve: electrophysiological differences and correlations with gender, age, height and BMI","volume":"39","author":"Kokotis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2006.02.004","article-title":"Superficial peroneal nerve (superficial fibularis nerve): the clinical implications of anatomic variability","volume":"45","author":"Barrett","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0817-7","article-title":"The realistic yield of lower leg SNAP amplitudes and SRAR in the routine evaluation of chronic axonal polyneuropathies","volume":"255","author":"Vrancken","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/108.4.861","article-title":"Clinical and neuropathological criteria for the diagnosis and staging of diabetic polyneuropathy","volume":"108","author":"Dyck","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00900495","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy: an update","volume":"243","author":"Said","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.01.009","article-title":"Antibodies to GAD65 and peripheral nerve function in the DCCT","volume":"185","author":"Hoeldtke","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.7.1045","article-title":"No relationship between antibodies to GAD and microangiopathic complications in young Chinese diabetic patients","volume":"23","author":"Ko","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044_b0170","first-page":"3","article-title":"Diabetic polyneuropathy: axonal or demyelinating?","volume":"42","author":"Valls-Canals","year":"2002","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168822716301085?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168822716301085?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,7]],"date-time":"2019-09-07T01:33:47Z","timestamp":1567820027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168822716301085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0168822716301085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-8227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-8227","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The prevalence of early subclinical somatic neuropathy in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and its association with the persistence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and islet antigen-2 (IA-2)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.044","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}