{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:39:30Z","timestamp":1777480770746,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","diabetesresearchclinicalpractice.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T22:15:04Z","timestamp":1760998504000},"page":"112956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Overweight and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes: A nationwide registry study (J\u2011DREAMS)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"229","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6408-507X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4348-6118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seiji","family":"Nishikage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3035-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yushi","family":"Hirota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8912-8062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei","family":"Nakatsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saito","family":"Shuichiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akane","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6144-1320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8781-2725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomofumi","family":"Takayoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Ohsugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1523-8102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kohjiro","family":"Ueki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.7326\/M22-3078","article-title":"Prevalence and management of obesity in U.S. adults with type 1 diabetes","volume":"176","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0078","article-title":"Current state of type 1 diabetes treatment in the U.S.: updated data from the T1D exchange clinic registry","volume":"38","author":"Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.06.003","article-title":"Prevalence and comorbidities of double diabetes","volume":"119","author":"Merger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02145-x","article-title":"Double diabetes\u2013when type 1 diabetes meets type 2 diabetes: definition, pathogenesis and recognition","volume":"23","author":"Bielka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ23-0593","article-title":"Definition, criteria, and core concepts of guidelines for the management of obesity disease in Japan","volume":"71","author":"Ogawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2300","article-title":"Deriving ethnic-specific BMI cutoff points for assessing diabetes risk","volume":"34","author":"Chiu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh163","article-title":"Body mass index and cardiovascular disease in the Asia-Pacific region: an overview of 33 cohorts involving 310 000 participants","volume":"33","author":"Ni Mhurchu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0040","unstructured":"Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study Group. Basic Statistical Report (2022): Average BMI of Registered Patients. Accessed 6 September 2025. http:\/\/jddm.jp\/public-information\/index-2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s13340-017-0326-y","article-title":"Design of and rationale for the Japan diabetes compREhensive database project based on an advanced electronic medical record system (J-DREAMS)","volume":"8","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Examination committee of criteria for \u2018obesity disease\u2019 in Japan; Japan society for the study of obesity. New criteria for \u2018obesity disease\u2019 in Japan. Circ J 2002;66:987\u2013992. doi: 10.1253\/circj.66.987.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.66.987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.077487","volume":"127","author":"Purnell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2022.03.009","article-title":"Obesity and diabetic complications: a study from the nationwide diabetes report of the national program for prevention and control of diabetes (NPPCD-2021) implications for action on multiple scales","volume":"16","author":"Moosaie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1446","article-title":"BMI, mortality, and cardiovascular outcomes in type 1 diabetes: findings against an obesity paradox","volume":"42","author":"Edqvist","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1224","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad302","article-title":"The burden of obesity in type 1 diabetic subjects: a sex-specific analysis from the AMD annals initiative","volume":"108","author":"Giandalia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1015614","article-title":"Obesity and related comorbidities in a large population-based cohort of subjects with type 1 diabetes in Catalonia","volume":"13","author":"Genua","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25686","article-title":"Mendelian randomization study of obesity and cerebrovascular disease","volume":"87","author":"Marini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-023-00510-7","article-title":"Obesity and peripheral artery disease: current evidence and controversies","volume":"12","author":"Lempesis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2023.06.005","article-title":"Peripheral artery disease: update on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"161","author":"Mandaglio-Collados","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Clin (Barc)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14378","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for heart failure in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective analysis of the J-DREAMS database","volume":"16","author":"Ohsugi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14341","article-title":"Retrospective database study on risk factors for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease in Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"16","author":"Yamada","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110841","article-title":"Real-world use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective database study (DEFINE-G)","volume":"203","author":"Ohsugi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168822725009702?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168822725009702?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T14:23:58Z","timestamp":1764080638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168822725009702"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["S0168822725009702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-8227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-8227","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Overweight and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes: A nationwide registry study (J\u2011DREAMS)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112956","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112956"}}