{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:16:28Z","timestamp":1792185388179,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","diabetesresearchclinicalpractice.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T16:34:20Z","timestamp":1771518860000},"page":"113173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Glycaemic control remains central in type 2 diabetes mellitus management: key learnings from the latest International Diabetes Federation guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Juliana C.N.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaicharn","family":"Deerochanawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamlesh","family":"Khunti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hassanein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5038-6210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viswanathan","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1608664","article-title":"Mortality and cardiovascular disease in type 1 and type 2 diabetes","volume":"376","author":"Rawshani","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0010","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes Atlas, https:\/\/diabetesatlas.org\/resources\/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025\/; 2025 [accessed 25 June 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2021.10.181","article-title":"Incidence rates and predictors of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from the longitudinal global discover study","volume":"243","author":"Arnold","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 4. Comprehensive medical evaluation and assessment of comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u20142026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49:S61-S88. DOI: 10.2337\/dc26-S004.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc26-S004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-022-05787-2","article-title":"Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2022. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)","volume":"65","author":"Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0030","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. Global clinical practice recommendations, https:\/\/idf.org\/what-we-do\/education\/idf-clinical-practice-recommendations-for-type-2-diabetes-2025\/; 2025 [accessed 22 April 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01575-9","article-title":"Cardiovascular outcomes trials: a paradigm shift in the current management of type 2 diabetes","volume":"21","author":"Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184","article-title":"Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association","volume":"148","author":"Ndumele","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-024-06254-w","article-title":"Glycaemic control is still central in the hierarchy of priorities in type 2 diabetes management","volume":"68","author":"Khunti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806470","article-title":"10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes","volume":"359","author":"Holman","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet. 1998;352:837-53.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2283","article-title":"Nine-year effects of 3.7 years of intensive glycemic control on cardiovascular outcomes","volume":"39","author":"ACCORD Study Group","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802743","article-title":"Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes","volume":"358","author":"ACCORD Study Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802987","article-title":"Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"358","author":"ADVANCE Collaborative Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1407963","article-title":"Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes","volume":"371","author":"Zoungas","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808431","article-title":"Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes","volume":"360","author":"Duckworth","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1414266","article-title":"Follow-up of glycemic control and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"372","author":"Hayward","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00537-3","article-title":"Post-trial monitoring of a randomised controlled trial of intensive glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes extended from 10 years to 24 years (UKPDS 91)","volume":"404","author":"Adler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15511","article-title":"Glycaemic control and macrovascular and microvascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials investigating intensive glucose-lowering strategies in people with type 2 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Kunutsor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.03.017","article-title":"Barriers to prescribing glucose-lowering therapies with cardiometabolic benefits","volume":"224","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13738","article-title":"Eligibility of patients with type 2 diabetes for sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor cardiovascular outcomes trials: an assessment using the Diabetes Collaborative Registry","volume":"21","author":"Wittbrodt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-082071","article-title":"Cardiovascular, kidney related, and weight loss effects of therapeutics for type 2 diabetes: a living clinical practice guideline","volume":"390","author":"Agarwal","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0115","article-title":"SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists for adults with type 2 diabetes: a clinical practice guideline","volume":"373","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.2337\/dci20-0022","article-title":"Precision medicine in diabetes: a consensus report from the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)","volume":"43","author":"Chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-022-00669-4","article-title":"Pathophysiology, phenotypes and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indian and Chinese populations","volume":"18","author":"Ke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2021.107996","article-title":"A registry-based randomised trial comparing an SGLT2 inhibitor and metformin as standard treatment of early stage type 2 diabetes (SMARTEST): rationale, design and protocol","volume":"35","author":"Sundstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70320","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitor or metformin as standard treatment in early-stage type 2 diabetes? Baseline data in SMARTEST, a novel, decentralised, register-based randomised trial on prevention of diabetic complications","volume":"28","author":"Eriksson","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e340","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(21)00089-1","article-title":"The state of diabetes treatment coverage in 55 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative, individual-level data in 680 102 adults","volume":"2","author":"Flood","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812389","article-title":"Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"380","author":"Wiviott","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u20142026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49:S183-S215. DOI: 10.2337\/dc26-S009.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc26-S009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-1516","article-title":"Intensive glucose lowering and its effects on vascular events and death according to age at diagnosis and duration of diabetes: the ADVANCE trial","volume":"48","author":"Ohkuma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.13772","article-title":"Effect of linagliptin vs glimepiride on major adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: the CAROLINA randomized clinical trial","volume":"322","author":"Rosenstock","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1238","article-title":"Cardiovascular safety in type 2 diabetes with sulfonylureas as second-line drugs: a nationwide population-based comparative safety study","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70213-X","article-title":"Mortality risk among sulfonylureas: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Simpson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025. DOI: 10.2471\/B09474.","DOI":"10.2471\/B09474"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1779","article-title":"Association between specificity of sulfonylureas to cardiac mitochondrial KATP channels and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr077","article-title":"Mortality and cardiovascular risk associated with different insulin secretagogues compared with metformin in type 2 diabetes, with or without a previous myocardial infarction: a nationwide study","volume":"32","author":"Schramm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80603-8","article-title":"Cardiovascular safety and efficacy of metformin-SGLT2i versus metformin-sulfonylureas in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"Gebrie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-0013","article-title":"Application of 2021 American Diabetes Association glycemic treatment clinical practice recommendations in primary care","volume":"44","author":"Colling","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 10. Cardiovascular disease and risk management: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u20142026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49:S216-S45. DOI: 10.2337\/dc26-S010.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc26-S010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp021106","article-title":"Clinical practice. Initial management of glycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"347","author":"Nathan","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611925","article-title":"Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Neal","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720","article-title":"Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes","volume":"373","author":"Zinman","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32261-X","article-title":"Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"392","author":"Hernandez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612917","article-title":"Effects of once-weekly exenatide on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Holman","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607141","article-title":"Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Marso","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827","article-title":"Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Marso","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509225","article-title":"Lixisenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome","volume":"373","author":"Pfeffer","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 5. Facilitating positive health behaviors and well-being to improve health outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u20142026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49:S89-S131. DOI: 10.2337\/dc26-S005.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc26-S005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108154","article-title":"A real-world study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with gliclazide modified-release during fasting: DIA-RAMADAN","volume":"163","author":"Hassanein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110855","article-title":"Real-world evidence on health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using sulphonylureas: an analysis of the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) Register","volume":"203","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14865","article-title":"Real-world usage of sulphonylureas in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes using the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) register","volume":"25","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0265","first-page":"2009","article-title":"Trends in use of sulfonylurea types among US adults with diabetes: NHANES 1999-2020","volume":"38","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018819844694","article-title":"Therapeutic inertia in type 2 diabetes: prevalence, causes, consequences and methods to overcome inertia","volume":"10","author":"Khunti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101102","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes - state-of-the-art","volume":"46","author":"Nauck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1144","article-title":"The legacy effect in type 2 diabetes: impact of early glycemic control on future complications (the Diabetes & Aging study)","volume":"42","author":"Laiteerapong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13673","article-title":"The Diabetes Unmet need with Basal Insulin Evaluation (DUNE) study in type 2 diabetes: achieving HbA1c targets with basal insulin in a real-world setting","volume":"21","author":"Meneghini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.405","article-title":"Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study","volume":"321","author":"Stratton","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0260-x","article-title":"Delay in treatment intensification increases the risks of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"14","author":"Paul","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-023-01386-5","article-title":"Adjusting the use of glucose-lowering agents in the real-world clinical management of people with type 2 diabetes: a narrative review","volume":"14","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31149-3","article-title":"Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"394","author":"Gerstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901118","article-title":"Oral semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"381","author":"Husain","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07368-1","article-title":"Intensified multifactorial intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria: the Steno type 2 randomised study","volume":"353","author":"G\u00e6de","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021778","article-title":"Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"348","author":"G\u00e6de","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-4065-6","article-title":"Years of life gained by multifactorial intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria: 21 years follow-up on the Steno-2 randomised trial","volume":"59","author":"G\u00e6de","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.11.023","article-title":"Intensified multifactorial intervention in type 2 diabetics with microalbuminuria leads to long-term renal benefits","volume":"91","author":"Oellgaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2020.08.008","article-title":"Association and relative importance of multiple risk factor control on cardiovascular disease, end-stage renal disease and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes: a population-based retrospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Usman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00072-9","article-title":"Achievement of guideline recommended diabetes treatment targets and health habits in people with self-reported diabetes in India (ICMR-INDIAB-13): a national cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Anjana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00119-5","article-title":"Metabolic non-communicable disease health report of India: the ICMR-INDIAB national cross-sectional study (ICMR-INDIAB-17)","volume":"11","author":"Anjana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0350","article-title":"Out-of-pocket health expenditure and associated factors: insights from National Health Accounts (NHA) using panel data analysis","volume":"61","author":"Sofi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inquiry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13088","article-title":"Therapeutic inertia in the treatment of hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Khunti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13866","article-title":"Glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line therapy: results from the global DISCOVER study programme","volume":"22","author":"Khunti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2019.0219","article-title":"Clinical profile of elderly patients (over 90 years) with type 2 diabetes seen at a diabetes center in South India","volume":"22","author":"Mohan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1193","article-title":"Clinical profile of long-term survivors and nonsurvivors with type 2 diabetes","volume":"36","author":"Mohan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S106821","article-title":"Poor medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: recognizing the scope of the problem and its key contributors","volume":"10","author":"Polonsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14228","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes and treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes using natural language processing: wave 8 of the observational international diabetes management practices study","volume":"15","author":"Chan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1156081","article-title":"Medication adherence with fixed-dose versus free-equivalent combination therapies: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31791-X","article-title":"Effectiveness of polypill for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (PolyIran): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial","volume":"394","author":"Roshandel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168822726000926?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168822726000926?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T01:47:19Z","timestamp":1780105639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168822726000926"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":78,"alternative-id":["S0168822726000926"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-8227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-8227","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Glycaemic control remains central in type 2 diabetes mellitus management: key learnings from the latest International Diabetes Federation guidelines","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2026.113173","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113173"}}