{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T22:57:28Z","timestamp":1781564248822,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]],"date-time":"2005-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,8]],"date-time":"2005-04-08T13:19:02Z","timestamp":1112966342000},"page":"113-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Clinical and economic impact of methicillin resistance in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Thomas P.","family":"Lodise","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peggy S.","family":"McKinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1086\/501641","article-title":"Nosocomial methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus primary bacteremia: at what costs?","volume":"20","author":"Abramson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1086\/647184","article-title":"Colonization and infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: associated factors and eradication","volume":"17","author":"Asensio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.19.2229","article-title":"Outcome and attributable mortality in critically ill patients with bacteremia involving methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"162","author":"Blot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.12.2348","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of daptomycin, vancomycin, and cloxacillin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in rats and role of test conditions in this determination","volume":"34","author":"Cantoni","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103997.x","article-title":"Comparison of the clinical significance of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolations","volume":"140","author":"Collopy","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1086\/647704","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"19","author":"Conterno","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1086\/345476","article-title":"Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.39.4.371","article-title":"Coagulase production by strains of Staphylococcus aureus of differing resistance characters: a comparison of two traditional methods with a latex agglutination system detecting both clumping factor and protein A","volume":"39","author":"Dickson","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1086\/367653","article-title":"Adverse clinical and economic outcomes attributable to methicillin resistance among patients with Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection","volume":"36","author":"Engemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.17.2066","article-title":"Clinical identifiers of complicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"163","author":"Fowler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(90)90120-D","article-title":"Hong Kong strains of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus have similar virulence","volume":"15","author":"French","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90053-3","article-title":"CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988","volume":"16","author":"Garner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1086\/313440","article-title":"Bacteremic pneumonia due to Staphylococcus aureus: a comparison of disease caused by methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible organisms","volume":"29","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf009","article-title":"Risk factors associated with nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection including previous use of antimicrobials","volume":"49","author":"Graffunder","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.2.182","article-title":"Impact of methicillin resistance on the outcome of patients with bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"158","author":"Harbarth","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.30.3.670-674.1992","article-title":"Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"30","author":"Hartstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1086\/646433","article-title":"A comparison of clinical virulence of nosocomially acquired methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infections in a university hospital","volume":"13","author":"Hershow","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1080\/110241598750004210","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: acquisition and risk of death in patients in the intensive care unit","volume":"164","author":"Ibelings","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.1.146","article-title":"The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting","volume":"118","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-30-4-245","article-title":"Production of \u201cvirulence factors\u201d by \u201cepidemic\u201d methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro","volume":"30","author":"Jordens","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009","article-title":"APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system","volume":"13","author":"Knaus","year":"1985","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1086\/377540","article-title":"Outcome of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients with eradicable foci versus noneradicable foci","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200010000-00014","article-title":"Inadequate treatment of nosocomial infections is associated with certain empiric antibiotic choices","volume":"28","author":"Kollef","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800029496","article-title":"Hospital-acquired infection with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive staphylococci","volume":"101","author":"Law","year":"1988","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.1998.00379.x","article-title":"The benefit of appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment in patients with bloodstream infection","volume":"244","author":"Leibovici","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(85)80011-0","article-title":"Comparison of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"13","author":"Lewis","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.21.3.263.34198","article-title":"Comparison of length of hospital stay for patients with known or suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species infections treated with linezolid or vancomycin: a randomized, multicenter trial","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1086\/502269","article-title":"Prediction model to identify patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia at risk for methicillin resistance","volume":"24","author":"Lodise","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1086\/375057","article-title":"Outcomes analysis of delayed antibiotic treatment for hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"36","author":"Lodise","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-5-390","article-title":"Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with vancomycin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"117","author":"Markowitz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/132.3.316","article-title":"Bacteremia at Boston City Hospital: occurrence and mortality during 12 selected years (1935\u20131972), with special reference to hospital-acquired cases","volume":"132","author":"McGowan","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1086\/379321","article-title":"Is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus more virulent than methicillin-susceptible S. aureus? A comparative cohort study of British patients with nosocomial infection and bacteremia","volume":"37","author":"Melzer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1086\/421092","article-title":"Accessory gene regulator group II polymorphism in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is predictive of failure of vancomycin therapy","volume":"15","author":"Moise-Broder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1086\/317421","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: predictors of 30-day mortality in a large cohort","volume":"31","author":"Mylotte","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/9.5.891","article-title":"Prospective study of 114 consecutive episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"9","author":"Mylotte","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rev. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib37","series-title":"Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically","author":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(96)90026-7","article-title":"Data summary from October 1986 to April 1996, issued May 1996","volume":"24","author":"National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) report","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/144.6.575","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: microbiologic characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and assessment of virulence of an epidemic strain","volume":"144","author":"Peacock","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(98)00149-7","volume":"33","author":"Pfaller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02026134","article-title":"Risk factors for nosocomial bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"13","author":"Pujol","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.6.7952612","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia by Staphylococcus aureus. Comparison of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive episodes","volume":"150","author":"Rello","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.7.1001","article-title":"Predicting methicillin resistance and the effect of inadequate empiric therapy on survival in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"160","author":"Roghmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.6.1417","article-title":"Mortality associated with nosocomial bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"21","author":"Romero-Vivas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0501.990102","article-title":"The economic impact of Staphylococcus aureus infection in New York City hospitals","volume":"5","author":"Rubin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.5.1492-1502.2002","article-title":"Accessory gene regulator (agr) locus in geographically diverse Staphylococcus aureus isolates with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin","volume":"46","author":"Sakoulas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1086\/368128","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus accessory gene regulator (agr) group II: Is there a relationship to the development of intermediate level glycopeptide resistance?","volume":"187","author":"Sakoulas","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1086\/501707","article-title":"Nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: is it any worse than nosocomial methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia?","volume":"21","author":"Selvey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.6.1227","article-title":"Vancomycin for Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in intravenous drug users","volume":"34","author":"Small","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1086\/313650","article-title":"Pathogenic significance of methicillin resistance for patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"30","author":"Soriano","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90058-2","article-title":"Cost of nosocomial infection: relative contributions of laboratory, antibiotic, and per diem costs in serious Staphylococcus aureus infections","volume":"16","author":"Wakefield","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1086\/501718","article-title":"Hospital-and community-based surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: previous hospitalization is the major risk factor","volume":"21","author":"Warshawsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/5.1.54","article-title":"The clinical significance of positive blood cultures: a comprehensive analysis of 500 episodes of bacteremia and fungemia in adults. II. Clinical observations, with special reference to factors influencing prognosis","volume":"5","author":"Weinstein","year":"1983","journal-title":"Rev. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/58.18.1756","article-title":"Factors influencing physicians' decision to discharge hospitalized patients infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"58","author":"Yaldo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm."}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889305000362?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889305000362?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T18:34:25Z","timestamp":1586198065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0732889305000362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0732889305000362"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-8893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-8893","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}}}