{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:29:28Z","timestamp":1762100968848},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,22]],"date-time":"2009-07-22T09:22:52Z","timestamp":1248254572000},"page":"396-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Screening Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in non\u2013HIV-infected immunocompromised patients using polymerase chain reaction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Wang","family":"Jiancheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huang","family":"Minjun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Yi-jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Zengzhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su","family":"Jianrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Xixiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-007-7191-8","article-title":"Evaluation of toluidine blue O staining for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii in expectorated sputum sample and bronchoalveolar lavage from HIV-infected patients in a tertiary care referral center in Ethiopia","volume":"36","author":"Aderaye","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.08.006","article-title":"A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of Pneumocystis from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid","volume":"54","author":"Arcenas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549709035900","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii colonization in the absence of immunosuppression","volume":"29","author":"Armbruster","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib4","first-page":"515","article-title":"The usefulness of induced sputum in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in-patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"133","author":"Bigby","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.4.979-982.1998","article-title":"Performance of a PCR assay for detection of Pneumocystis carinii from respiratory specimens","volume":"36","author":"Caliendo","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1097\/00029330-200602010-00012","article-title":"Clinical parameters and outcomes of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in non-HIV\/AIDS patients","volume":"119","author":"Cao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J. (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib7","first-page":"250","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS: evaluation of lavage and staining techniques in diagnosis","volume":"4","author":"Chechani","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/104.1.72","article-title":"Use of the polymerase chain reaction technique on induced-sputum samples for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. A clinical and cost-analysis study","volume":"104","author":"Chouaid","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib9","first-page":"50","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii infections in transplant recipients","volume":"5","author":"Dummer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Semin. Respir. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1080\/00313029400169471","article-title":"Comparison of Pneumocystis carinii detection by toluidine blue O staining, direct immunofluorescence and DNA amplification in sputum specimens from HIV positive patients","volume":"26","author":"Eisen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1086\/344951","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients in the developing world who have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Fisk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45528-0","article-title":"Comparison between real-time PCR, conventional PCR and different staining techniques for diagnosing Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens","volume":"53","author":"Flori","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2008.01457.x","article-title":"Real-time PCR is more specific than conventional PCR for induced sputum diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised patients without HIV infection","volume":"14","author":"Fujisawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib14","first-page":"238","article-title":"The effectiveness of bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus pulmonary infections in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"111","author":"Gal","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib15","first-page":"855","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as a complication of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with glomerulonephritis","volume":"25","author":"Gao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.7.2068-2072.1998","article-title":"Diagnostic use of PCR for detection of Pneumocystis carinii in oral wash samples","volume":"36","author":"Helweg-Larsen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1086\/313843","article-title":"Epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus-associated opportunistic infections in the United States in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"30","author":"Kaplan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(99)90106-8","article-title":"Diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: immunofluorescence staining, simple PCR or nPCR","volume":"39","author":"Khan","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.4.1152","article-title":"Analysis of induced sputum for the diagnosis of recurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia","volume":"102","author":"Kirsch","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.19.2450","article-title":"New insights into transmission, diagnosis, and drug treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia","volume":"286","author":"Kovacs","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2989","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.8.2989-2993.2002","article-title":"Development of a rapid real-time PCR assay for quantitation of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii","volume":"40","author":"Larsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3004","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.11.3004-3007.1995","article-title":"Comparison of PCR and standard cytological staining for detection of Pneumocystis carinii from respiratory specimens from patients with or at high risk for infection by human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"33","author":"Leibovitz","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46552-0","article-title":"Inter-laboratory comparison of three different real-time PCR assays for the detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples","volume":"55","author":"Linssen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960100563","article-title":"Effect of oral washes on the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with a low parasite burden and on detection of organisms in subclinical infections","volume":"20","author":"Matos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-199908000-00011","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii infection in non-AIDS patients","volume":"12","author":"Miller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199903110-00020","article-title":"Pneumocystosis versus pulmonary Pneumocystis carinii colonization in HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients","volume":"13","author":"Nevez","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1993.1062","article-title":"Direct monitoring as well as sensitive diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by the polymerase chain reaction on sputum samples","volume":"7","author":"Oka","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Probes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960000329","article-title":"Detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in patients with chronic lung diseases","volume":"19","author":"Probst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2748","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.11.2748-2751.1997","article-title":"Rapid detection of Pneumocystis carinii in Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: use of a simple DNA extraction procedure and nest PCR","volume":"35","author":"Rabodonirina","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.4.830-835.1997","article-title":"PCR detection of Pneumocystis carinii in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens: analysis of sensitivity and specificity","volume":"35","author":"Ribes","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1086\/339548","article-title":"Opportunistic infections in patients with and patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Sepkowitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.4.1461-1467.2000","article-title":"Evaluation of diagnostic value and epidemiological implications of PCR for Pneumocystis carinii in different immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patient groups","volume":"38","author":"Sing","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib33","first-page":"659","article-title":"Diagnosis of pulmonary disease in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Role of bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage","volume":"130","author":"Stover","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-38-6-449","article-title":"Diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: specificity and sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction in comparison with immunofluorescence in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens","volume":"38","author":"Tamburrini","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1086\/313584","article-title":"Diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with PCR: a blinded comparison to standard methods","volume":"30","author":"Torres","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92008-6","article-title":"Detection of Pneumocystis carinii with DNA amplification","volume":"336","author":"Wakefield","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib37","first-page":"247","article-title":"Pneumonia secondary to immunosuppressant regimens in renal transplant patients: a retrospective analysis of 51 cases","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adverse Drug React. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.6.1445-1449.1997","article-title":"Usefulness of PCR for diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in different patient groups","volume":"35","author":"Weiq","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602412","article-title":"An analysis of the utilisation of chemoprophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with malignancy receiving corticosteroid therapy at a cancer hospital","volume":"92","author":"Worth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4065\/71.1.5","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: associated illness and prior corticosteroid therapy","volume":"71","author":"Yale","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889309001497?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889309001497?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T22:04:12Z","timestamp":1590012252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0732889309001497"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0732889309001497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-8893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-8893","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}}}