{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T16:34:00Z","timestamp":1788798840350,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T22:35:12Z","timestamp":1601937312000},"page":"115231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Characteristics and predictors of treatment failure with intravenous tigecycline monotherapy among adult patients with severe Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection: a single-centre observational cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1775-1356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Balint Gergely","family":"Szabo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilla","family":"Duma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin Szidonia","family":"Lenart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeka","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eszter","family":"Vad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borisz Raban","family":"Petrik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eszter","family":"Ostorhazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7126-5415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bela","family":"Kadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13742","article-title":"The outcome of patients with severe and severe-complicated Clostridium difficile infection treated with tigecycline combination therapy: a retrospective observational study","volume":"48","author":"Bishop","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2016.12.018","article-title":"Use of tigecycline for the management of Clostridium difficile colitis in oncology patients and case series of breakthrough infections","volume":"95","author":"Brinda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.03.010","article-title":"European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: update of the diagnostic guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection","volume":"22","author":"Crobach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2018.1524872","article-title":"Clinical review of Clostridium difficile infection: an update on treatment and prevention","volume":"19","author":"Daniels","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12418","article-title":"European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: Update of the Treatment Guidance Document for Clostridium difficile Infection","volume":"20","author":"Debast","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0007","series-title":"Healthcare-associated infections: Clostridium difficile infections. Annual epidemiological report for 2016","year":"2018"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.08.017","article-title":"Use of intravenous tigecycline in patients with severe Clostridium difficile infection: a retrospective observational cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Gergely Szabo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4609","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4609","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile: diagnosis and treatments","volume":"366","author":"Guery","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.11.006","article-title":"Activity of tigecycline against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Clostridium spp. from Europe.","volume":"35","author":"Hawser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02869-8","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile infection in the critically ill: what kind of therapy for refractory cases","volume":"24","author":"Honore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03756-z","article-title":"Tigecycline for the treatment of patients with Clostridium difficile infection: an update of the clinical evidence","author":"Kechagias","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.12.008","article-title":"How to: surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections","volume":"24","author":"Krutova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw264","article-title":"Does adjunctive tigecycline improve outcomes in severe-complicated, nonoperative Clostridium difficile infection?","volume":"4","author":"LaSalvia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1662-x","article-title":"2001 SCCM\/ESICM\/ACCP\/ATS\/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference","volume":"29","author":"Levy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801550","article-title":"Changes in prevalence of health care-associated infections in U.S. hospitals","volume":"379","author":"Magill","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.06.005","article-title":"The role of tigecycline in the management of Clostridium difficile infection: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Manea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2017.1362978","article-title":"Therapy for Clostridium difficile infection - any news beyond Metronidazole and Vancomycin?","volume":"10","author":"Manthey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-018-3419-z","article-title":"Management of adult Clostridium difficile digestive contaminations: a literature review","volume":"38","author":"Mathias","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix1085","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)","volume":"66","author":"McDonald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"148","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0021","first-page":"1","article-title":"Derivation and validation of a simple clinical bedside score (ATLAS) for Clostridium difficile infection which predicts response to therapy","volume":"13","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Inf Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0022","first-page":"600","article-title":"Efficacy of tigecycline treatment in severe and complicated Clostridium difficile infection","volume":"65","author":"Mirea","year":"2017","journal-title":"FARMACIA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.12.022","article-title":"Update of treatment algorithms for Clostridium difficile infection","volume":"24","author":"Ooijevaar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2003.05.003","article-title":"A review of two journals found that articles using multivariable logistic regression frequently did not report commonly recommended assumptions","volume":"57","author":"Ottenbacher","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1819-6","article-title":"Sleeping with the enemy: Clostridium difficile infection in the intensive care unit","volume":"21","author":"Prechter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.04.025","article-title":"Tigecycline for severe Clostridium difficile infection","volume":"26","author":"Thomas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration","volume":"18","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889320306088?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889320306088?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T09:54:37Z","timestamp":1760003677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0732889320306088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0732889320306088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-8893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-8893","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characteristics and predictors of treatment failure with intravenous tigecycline monotherapy among adult patients with severe Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection: a single-centre observational cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115231","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115231"}}