{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:37:45Z","timestamp":1792085865838,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004530","name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]],"date-time":"2021-03-13T21:38:17Z","timestamp":1615671497000},"page":"115369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of loop-mediated isothermal amplification method (LAMP) compared with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leptospira spp. in clinical samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4076-8992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shan","family":"Gunasegar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasantha Kumari","family":"Neela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0033","article-title":"Redefining gold standard testing for diagnosing leptospirosis: further evidence from a well-characterized, flood-related outbreak in Sri Lanka","volume":"95","author":"Agampodi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis035","article-title":"Utility of quantitative polymerase chain reaction in leptospirosis diagnosis: association of level of leptospiremia and clinical manifestations in Sri Lanka","volume":"54","author":"Agampodi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007093","article-title":"Development and validation of a realtime PCR for detection of pathogenic leptospira species in clinical materials","volume":"4","author":"Ahmed","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2017.08.001","article-title":"Rapid and visual detection of Leptospira in urine by LigB-LAMP assay with pre-addition of dye","volume":"36","author":"Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Cell Probes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128913","article-title":"Efficient detection of pathogenic leptospires using 16S ribosomal RNA","volume":"10","author":"Backstedt","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1791-9","article-title":"Utility of modified Faine's criteria in diagnosis of leptospirosis","volume":"16","author":"Bandara","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.12.009","article-title":"Evaluation of nested polymerase chain reaction for the early detection of Leptospira spp. DNA in serum samples from patients with leptospirosis","volume":"78","author":"Blanco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-338","article-title":"Molecular detection and speciation of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in blood from patients with culture-negative leptospirosis","volume":"11","author":"Boonsilp","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0009","first-page":"199","article-title":"Leptospirosis diagnosis: competancy of various laboratory tests","volume":"8","author":"Budihal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02022-07","article-title":"Detection of pathogenic Leptospira bacteria in pinniped populations via PCR and identification of a source of transmission for zoonotic leptospirosis in the marine environment","volume":"46","author":"Cameron","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.2478\/s11536-012-0110-0","article-title":"Leptospirosis: possibilities of early laboratory and clinical diagnosis","volume":"8","author":"Cermakova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/147173","article-title":"Highly sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the detection of Leptospira","volume":"2015","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003898","article-title":"Global morbidity and mortality of leptospirosis: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Costa","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2016.09.004","article-title":"Application of a real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay for the early diagnosis of human leptospirosis in Sri Lanka","volume":"44","author":"Denipitiya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biologicals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-018-0435-2","article-title":"Epidemiological shift and geographical heterogeneity in the burden of leptospirosis in China","volume":"7","author":"Dhewantara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0016","first-page":"52","article-title":"Clinicl presentations and predictors of mortality for Leptospirosis \u2013 a study from suburban area in Malaysia","volume":"75","author":"Fann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112312","article-title":"Direct Detection and Differentiation of Pathogenic Leptospira Species Using A Multi-Gene Targeted Real Time PCR approach","volume":"9","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.02.022","article-title":"Leptospira DNA detection for the diagnosis of human leptospirosis","volume":"52","author":"Fonseca Cde","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638716672503","article-title":"A comparison of the reliability of two gene targets in loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for detecting leptospiral DNA in canine urine","volume":"29","author":"Gentilini","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-9946201658064","article-title":"Comparison of 16S rRNA-PCR-RFLP, LipL32-PCR and OmpL1-PCR methods in the diagnosis of Leptospirosis","volume":"58","author":"G\u00f6kmen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.4110","article-title":"Usefulness of real-time PCR assay targeting lipL32 gene for diagnosis of human leptospirosis in Uruguay","volume":"7","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006503","article-title":"A systematic review of human and animal leptospirosis in the Pacific Islands reveals pathogen and reservoir diversity","volume":"12","author":"Guernier","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"7414","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2017.07.010","article-title":"Development and validation of a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of pathogenic Leptospira species in clinical materials","volume":"141","author":"Hsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.01.001","article-title":"Combined antibody and DNA detection for early diagnosis of leptospirosis after a disaster","volume":"84","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00481-12","article-title":"A new loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid, simple, and sensitive detection of Leptospira spp. in urine","volume":"50","author":"Koizumi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.56093\/ijans.v82i7.21750","article-title":"Prevalence of canine leptospirosis in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu","volume":"82","author":"Lakshmipriya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008074","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of genetic markers and nucleic acid techniques for the detection of Leptospira in clinical samples: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Lam","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2008.10.012","article-title":"Application of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira","volume":"63","author":"Xu'ai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0030","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy. Version 1.0. The Cochrane Collaboration","article-title":"Chapter 10: Analysing and presenting results","author":"Macaskill","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0031","first-page":"22","article-title":"A field-expedient method for detection of leptospirosis causative agents in rodents","author":"McAvin","year":"2012","journal-title":"US Army Med Dep J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.19163","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies: the PRISMA-DTA statement","volume":"319","author":"McInnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.9.2219-2224.1992","article-title":"Saint Girons I. Polymerase chain reaction for detection of Leptospira spp. in clinical samples","volume":"30","author":"M\u00e9rien","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2005.06.011","article-title":"A rapid and quantitative method for the detection of Leptospira species in human leptospirosis","volume":"249","author":"Merien","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2018.03.001","article-title":"Development and validation of pan-Leptospira Taqman qPCR for the detection of Leptospira spp. in clinical specimens","volume":"38","author":"Mohd Ali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Cell Probes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.13108","article-title":"Development of real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RealAmp) method for sensitive and rapid detection of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Leptospira","volume":"68","author":"Monica","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0037","first-page":"DC08","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction: an important tool for early diagnosis of leptospirosis cases","volume":"10","author":"Mullan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.180353","article-title":"Paediatric leptospirosis: A population-based case-control study from Chennai, India","volume":"34","author":"Narayanan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S1684-1182(10)60009-6","article-title":"FlaB PCR-based identification of pathogenic leptospiral isolates","volume":"43","author":"Natarajaseenivasan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.4103\/1995-7645.269904","article-title":"Manifestations and outcomes of leptospirosis during local outbreaks in high endemic districts of Sri Lanka: a retrospective multi-center study","volume":"12","author":"Nisansala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E63","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.12.e63","article-title":"Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA","volume":"28","author":"Notomi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2015.11.015","article-title":"Development of multiplex loop mediated isothermal amplification (m-LAMP) label-based gold nanoparticles lateral flow dipstick biosensor for detection of pathogenic Leptospira","volume":"903","author":"Nurul Najian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2019.03.001","article-title":"Probe-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification magnetogenosensor assay for rapid and specific detection of pathogenic Leptospira","volume":"44","author":"Nurul Najian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Cell Probes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2005.07.015","article-title":"Evaluation of MAT, IgM ELISA and PCR methods for the diagnosis of human leptospirosis","volume":"65","author":"Ooteman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.37595","article-title":"Understanding and using sensitivity, specificity and predictive values","volume":"56","author":"Parikh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008197","article-title":"Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira kirschneri are the dominant Leptospira species causing human leptospirosis in Central Malaysia","volume":"14","author":"Philip","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-020-01744-4","article-title":"Evaluation of real-time PCR targeting the lipL32 gene for diagnosis of Leptospira infection","volume":"20","author":"Podgor\u0161ek","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0048","article-title":"Application of PCR-based DNA sequencing technique for the detection of Leptospira in peripheral blood of septicemia patients","volume":"8","author":"Ram","year":"2012","journal-title":"Malaysian J Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002941","article-title":"Unsuspected leptospirosis is a cause of acute febrile illness in Nicaragua","volume":"8","author":"Reller","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005940","article-title":"Rapid, actionable diagnosis of urban epidemic leptospirosis using a pathogenic Leptospira lipL32-based real-time PCR assay","volume":"11","author":"Riediger","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762010000800007","article-title":"Aseptic meningitis caused by Leptospira spp diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"105","author":"Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.192967","article-title":"Utility of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay, polymerase chain reaction, and ELISA for diagnosis of Leptospirosis in South Indian patients","volume":"9","author":"Sengupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glob Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0053","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis of leptospirosis by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"1","author":"Shekatkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Pharma Bio Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.11.019","article-title":"Peridomestic small Indian mongoose: An invasive species posing as potential zoonotic risk for leptospirosis in the Caribbean","volume":"190","author":"Shiokawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0055","first-page":"203","article-title":"Measures of diagnostic accuracy: basic definitions","volume":"19","author":"\u0160imundi\u0107","year":"2009","journal-title":"EJIFCC"},{"issue":"4-5","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/20477724.2016.1222054","article-title":"Leptospiral renal colonization status in asymptomatic rural population of Tiruchirapalli district, Tamilnadu, India","volume":"110","author":"Sivasankari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pathog Glob Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2006.10.004","article-title":"Evaluation of a modified Taqman assay detecting pathogenic Leptospira spp. against culture and Leptospira-specific IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a clinical environment","volume":"57","author":"Slack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0473","article-title":"Accuracy of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for diagnosis of human leptospirosis in Thailand","volume":"84","author":"Sonthayanon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2017.2262","article-title":"Detection of Leptospira in urban Swedish Rats: pest control interventions as a promising source of rats used for surveillance","volume":"19","author":"Strand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2012.08.008","article-title":"Development of a novel primer combination to detect pathogenic Leptospira by loop-mediated isothermal amplification","volume":"91","author":"Suwancharoen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0493","article-title":"A nationwide survey of pathogenic leptospires in urine of cattle and buffaloes by Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method in Thailand, 2011-2013","volume":"78","author":"Suwancharoen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0702","article-title":"Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification method (LAMP) for pathogenic Leptospira spp. detection with leptospires isolation and real-time PCR","volume":"78","author":"Suwancharoen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16236","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016236","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of real-time PCR assays targeting 16S rRNA and lipl32 genes for human Leptospirosis in Thailand: a case-control study","volume":"6","author":"Thaipadunpanit","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.5455\/javar.2018.e299","article-title":"Evaluation of LAMP for detection and\/or screening of Leptospira spp. infection among domestic animals in the Philippines","volume":"5","author":"Tubalinal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Adv Vet Anim Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1179\/136485911X12899838683205","article-title":"Maximizing the chances of detecting pathogenic leptospires in mammals: the evaluation of field samples and a multi-sample-per-mammal, multi-test approach","volume":"105","author":"Tulsiani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.10.2258-2262.1989","article-title":"Detection of leptospires in urine by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"27","author":"Van Eys","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.01.002","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of an IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and comparison with 2 polymerase chain reactions for early diagnosis of human leptospirosis","volume":"84","author":"Vanasco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2012.06.009","article-title":"Novel TaqMan(R) PCR for detection of Leptospira species in urine and blood: pit-falls of in silico validation","volume":"91","author":"Villumsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007270","article-title":"Revisiting the taxonomy and evolution of pathogenicity of the genus Leptospira through the prism of genomics","volume":"13","author":"Vincent","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112356","article-title":"Sensitive real-time PCR detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. and a comparison of nucleic acid amplification methods for the diagnosis of leptospirosis","volume":"9","author":"Waggoner","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0071","unstructured":"Wahab ZA, Epidemiology and Current Situation of Leptospirosis in Malaysia: Prosiding Persidangan Kesihatan Persekitaran Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan 2015 [Local Authority's Environmental Health Convention Proceeding], 2015, 1\u201367, [cited Jan 2018] Available from: http:\/\/jkt.kpkt.gov.my\/jkt\/resources\/PDF\/Persidangan_2015\/persidangankesihatan\/ProsidingPersidanganKesihatanPersekitaran2016.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-3-25","article-title":"The development of QUADAS: a tool for the quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews","volume":"3","author":"Whiting","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.10.017","article-title":"A comparison of two molecular methods for diagnosing leptospirosis from three different sample types in patients presenting with fever in Laos","volume":"24","author":"Woods","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369_bib0075","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2003). Report of Human Leptospirosis: guidance for diagnosis, surveillance and control, 9 August 2003. References No ISBN 9241545895"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889321000626?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889321000626?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T09:56:29Z","timestamp":1760003789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0732889321000626"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0732889321000626"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-8893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-8893","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of loop-mediated isothermal amplification method (LAMP) compared with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leptospira spp. in clinical samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115369","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115369"}}